1 This is ../info/xemacs.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.8 from
4 INFO-DIR-SECTION XEmacs Editor
6 * XEmacs: (xemacs). XEmacs Editor.
9 This file documents the XEmacs editor.
11 Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1988 Richard M. Stallman. Copyright (C)
12 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 Lucid, Inc. Copyright (C) 1993, 1994 Sun
13 Microsystems, Inc. Copyright (C) 1995 Amdahl Corporation.
15 Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
16 manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
17 preserved on all copies.
19 Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of
20 this manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided also
21 that the sections entitled "The GNU Manifesto", "Distribution" and "GNU
22 General Public License" are included exactly as in the original, and
23 provided that the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the
24 terms of a permission notice identical to this one.
26 Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this
27 manual into another language, under the above conditions for modified
28 versions, except that the sections entitled "The GNU Manifesto",
29 "Distribution" and "GNU General Public License" may be included in a
30 translation approved by the author instead of in the original English.
33 File: xemacs.info, Node: Bugs, Prev: Lossage, Up: Top
38 Sometimes you will encounter a bug in Emacs. Although we cannot promise
39 we can or will fix the bug, and we might not even agree that it is a
40 bug, we want to hear about bugs you encounter in case we do want to fix
43 To make it possible for us to fix a bug, you must report it. In
44 order to do so effectively, you must know when and how to do it.
46 27.13.1 When Is There a Bug
47 ---------------------------
49 If Emacs executes an illegal instruction, or dies with an operating
50 system error message that indicates a problem in the program (as
51 opposed to something like "disk full"), then it is certainly a bug.
53 If Emacs updates the display in a way that does not correspond to
54 what is in the buffer, then it is certainly a bug. If a command seems
55 to do the wrong thing but the problem corrects itself if you type
56 `C-l', it is a case of incorrect display updating.
58 Taking forever to complete a command can be a bug, but you must make
59 certain that it was really Emacs's fault. Some commands simply take a
60 long time. Type `C-g' and then `C-h l' to see whether the input Emacs
61 received was what you intended to type; if the input was such that you
62 KNOW it should have been processed quickly, report a bug. If you don't
63 know whether the command should take a long time, find out by looking
64 in the manual or by asking for assistance.
66 If a command you are familiar with causes an Emacs error message in a
67 case where its usual definition ought to be reasonable, it is probably a
70 If a command does the wrong thing, that is a bug. But be sure you
71 know for certain what it ought to have done. If you aren't familiar
72 with the command, or don't know for certain how the command is supposed
73 to work, then it might actually be working right. Rather than jumping
74 to conclusions, show the problem to someone who knows for certain.
76 Finally, a command's intended definition may not be best for editing
77 with. This is a very important sort of problem, but it is also a
78 matter of judgment. Also, it is easy to come to such a conclusion out
79 of ignorance of some of the existing features. It is probably best not
80 to complain about such a problem until you have checked the
81 documentation in the usual ways, feel confident that you understand it,
82 and know for certain that what you want is not available. If you are
83 not sure what the command is supposed to do after a careful reading of
84 the manual, check the index and glossary for any terms that may be
85 unclear. If you still do not understand, this indicates a bug in the
86 manual. The manual's job is to make everything clear. It is just as
87 important to report documentation bugs as program bugs.
89 If the online documentation string of a function or variable
90 disagrees with the manual, one of them must be wrong, so report the bug.
92 27.13.2 How to Report a Bug
93 ---------------------------
95 When you decide that there is a bug, it is important to report it and to
96 report it in a way which is useful. What is most useful is an exact
97 description of what commands you type, starting with the shell command
98 to run Emacs, until the problem happens. Always include the version
99 number of Emacs that you are using; type `M-x emacs-version' to print
102 The most important principle in reporting a bug is to report FACTS,
103 not hypotheses or categorizations. It is always easier to report the
104 facts, but people seem to prefer to strain to posit explanations and
105 report them instead. If the explanations are based on guesses about
106 how Emacs is implemented, they will be useless; we will have to try to
107 figure out what the facts must have been to lead to such speculations.
108 Sometimes this is impossible. But in any case, it is unnecessary work
111 For example, suppose that you type `C-x C-f /glorp/baz.ugh <RET>',
112 visiting a file which (you know) happens to be rather large, and Emacs
113 prints out `I feel pretty today'. The best way to report the bug is
114 with a sentence like the preceding one, because it gives all the facts
115 and nothing but the facts.
117 Do not assume that the problem is due to the size of the file and
118 say, "When I visit a large file, Emacs prints out `I feel pretty
119 today'." This is what we mean by "guessing explanations". The problem
120 is just as likely to be due to the fact that there is a `z' in the file
121 name. If this is so, then when we got your report, we would try out
122 the problem with some "large file", probably with no `z' in its name,
123 and not find anything wrong. There is no way in the world that we
124 could guess that we should try visiting a file with a `z' in its name.
126 Alternatively, the problem might be due to the fact that the file
127 starts with exactly 25 spaces. For this reason, you should make sure
128 that you inform us of the exact contents of any file that is needed to
129 reproduce the bug. What if the problem only occurs when you have typed
130 the `C-x a l' command previously? This is why we ask you to give the
131 exact sequence of characters you typed since starting to use Emacs.
133 You should not even say "visit a file" instead of `C-x C-f' unless
134 you know that it makes no difference which visiting command is used.
135 Similarly, rather than saying "if I have three characters on the line,"
136 say "after I type `<RET> A B C <RET> C-p'," if that is the way you
139 If you are not in Fundamental mode when the problem occurs, you
140 should say what mode you are in.
142 If the manifestation of the bug is an Emacs error message, it is
143 important to report not just the text of the error message but a
144 backtrace showing how the Lisp program in Emacs arrived at the error.
145 To make the backtrace, you must execute the Lisp expression `(setq
146 debug-on-error t)' before the error happens (that is to say, you must
147 execute that expression and then make the bug happen). This causes the
148 Lisp debugger to run (*note Lisp Debug::). The debugger's backtrace
149 can be copied as text into the bug report. This use of the debugger is
150 possible only if you know how to make the bug happen again. Do note
151 the error message the first time the bug happens, so if you can't make
152 it happen again, you can report at least that.
154 Check whether any programs you have loaded into the Lisp world,
155 including your init file, set any variables that may affect the
156 functioning of Emacs. *Note Init File::. Also, see whether the
157 problem happens in a freshly started Emacs without loading your init
158 file (start Emacs with the `-q' switch to prevent loading the init
159 file). If the problem does NOT occur then, it is essential that we
160 know the contents of any programs that you must load into the Lisp
161 world in order to cause the problem to occur.
163 If the problem does depend on an init file or other Lisp programs
164 that are not part of the standard Emacs system, then you should make
165 sure it is not a bug in those programs by complaining to their
166 maintainers first. After they verify that they are using Emacs in a
167 way that is supposed to work, they should report the bug.
169 If you can tell us a way to cause the problem without visiting any
170 files, please do so. This makes it much easier to debug. If you do
171 need files, make sure you arrange for us to see their exact contents.
172 For example, it can often matter whether there are spaces at the ends
173 of lines, or a newline after the last line in the buffer (nothing ought
174 to care whether the last line is terminated, but tell that to the bugs).
176 The easy way to record the input to Emacs precisely is to write a
177 dribble file; execute the Lisp expression:
179 (open-dribble-file "~/dribble")
181 using `Meta-<ESC>' or from the `*scratch*' buffer just after starting
182 Emacs. From then on, all Emacs input will be written in the specified
183 dribble file until the Emacs process is killed.
185 For possible display bugs, it is important to report the terminal
186 type (the value of environment variable `TERM'), the complete termcap
187 entry for the terminal from `/etc/termcap' (since that file is not
188 identical on all machines), and the output that Emacs actually sent to
189 the terminal. The way to collect this output is to execute the Lisp
192 (open-termscript "~/termscript")
194 using `Meta-<ESC>' or from the `*scratch*' buffer just after starting
195 Emacs. From then on, all output from Emacs to the terminal will be
196 written in the specified termscript file as well, until the Emacs
197 process is killed. If the problem happens when Emacs starts up, put
198 this expression into your init file so that the termscript file will be
199 open when Emacs displays the screen for the first time. *Note Init
200 File::. Be warned: it is often difficult, and sometimes impossible, to
201 fix a terminal-dependent bug without access to a terminal of the type
202 that stimulates the bug.
204 The newsgroup `comp.emacs.xemacs' may be used for bug reports, other
205 discussions and requests for assistance.
207 If you don't have access to this newgroup, you can subscribe to the
208 mailing list version: the newsgroup is bidirectionally gatewayed into
209 the mailing list `xemacs@xemacs.org'.
211 To be added or removed from this mailing list, send mail to
212 `xemacs-request@xemacs.org'. Do not send requests for addition to the
215 The mailing lists and newsgroups are archived on our anonymous FTP
216 server, `ftp.xemacs.org', and at various other archive sites around the
217 net. You should also check the `FAQ' in `/pub/xemacs' on our anonymous
218 FTP server. It provides some introductory information and help for
219 initial configuration problems.
222 File: xemacs.info, Node: Glossary, Next: Manifesto, Prev: Intro, Up: Top
228 An abbrev is a text string which expands into a different text
229 string when present in the buffer. For example, you might define
230 a short word as an abbrev for a long phrase that you want to insert
231 frequently. *Note Abbrevs::.
234 Aborting means getting out of a recursive edit (q.v.). You can use
235 the commands `C-]' and `M-x top-level' for this. *Note Quitting::.
238 Auto Fill mode is a minor mode in which text you insert is
239 automatically broken into lines of fixed width. *Note Filling::.
242 Auto saving means that Emacs automatically stores the contents of
243 an Emacs buffer in a specially-named file so the information will
244 not be lost if the buffer is lost due to a system error or user
245 error. *Note Auto Save::.
248 A backup file records the contents that a file had before the
249 current editing session. Emacs creates backup files automatically
250 to help you track down or cancel changes you later regret. *Note
254 Emacs can balance parentheses manually or automatically. Manual
255 balancing is done by the commands to move over balanced expressions
256 (*note Lists::). Automatic balancing is done by blinking the
257 parenthesis that matches one just inserted (*note Matching Parens:
261 To bind a key is to change its binding (q.v.). *Note Rebinding::.
264 A key gets its meaning in Emacs by having a binding which is a
265 command (q.v.), a Lisp function that is run when the key is typed.
266 *Note Binding: Commands. Customization often involves rebinding a
267 character to a different command function. The bindings of all
268 keys are recorded in the keymaps (q.v.). *Note Keymaps::.
271 Blank lines are lines that contain only whitespace. Emacs has
272 several commands for operating on the blank lines in a buffer.
275 The buffer is the basic editing unit; one buffer corresponds to one
276 piece of text being edited. You can have several buffers, but at
277 any time you are editing only one, the `selected' buffer, though
278 several buffers can be visible when you are using multiple
279 windows. *Note Buffers::.
281 Buffer Selection History
282 Emacs keeps a buffer selection history which records how recently
283 each Emacs buffer was selected. Emacs uses this list when
284 choosing a buffer to select. *Note Buffers::.
287 `C' in the name of a character is an abbreviation for Control.
288 *Note C-: Keystrokes.
291 `C-M-' in the name of a character is an abbreviation for
292 Control-Meta. *Note C-M-: Keystrokes.
295 Case conversion means changing text from upper case to lower case
296 or vice versa. *Note Case::, for the commands for case conversion.
299 Characters form the contents of an Emacs buffer; also, Emacs
300 commands are invoked by keys (q.v.), which are sequences of one or
301 more characters. *Note Keystrokes::.
304 A command is a Lisp function specially defined to be able to serve
305 as a key binding in Emacs. When you type a key (q.v.), Emacs
306 looks up its binding (q.v.) in the relevant keymaps (q.v.) to find
307 the command to run. *Note Commands::.
310 A command name is the name of a Lisp symbol which is a command
311 (*note Commands::). You can invoke any command by its name using
315 A comment is text in a program which is intended only for the
316 people reading the program, and is marked specially so that it
317 will be ignored when the program is loaded or compiled. Emacs
318 offers special commands for creating, aligning, and killing
319 comments. *Note Comments::.
322 Compilation is the process of creating an executable program from
323 source code. Emacs has commands for compiling files of Emacs Lisp
324 code (*note Lisp Libraries::) and programs in C and other languages
325 (*note Compilation::).
328 A complete key is a character or sequence of characters which,
329 when typed by the user, fully specifies one action to be performed
330 by Emacs. For example, `X' and `Control-f' and `Control-x m' are
331 keys. Keys derive their meanings from being bound (q.v.) to
332 commands (q.v.). Thus, `X' is conventionally bound to a command
333 to insert `X' in the buffer; `C-x m' is conventionally bound to a
334 command to begin composing a mail message. *Note Keystrokes::.
337 When Emacs automatically fills an abbreviation for a name into the
338 entire name, that process is called completion. Completion is
339 done for minibuffer (q.v.) arguments when the set of possible
340 valid inputs is known; for example, on command names, buffer
341 names, and file names. Completion occurs when you type <TAB>,
342 <SPC>, or <RET>. *Note Completion::.
345 When a line of text is longer than the width of the frame, it
346 takes up more than one screen line when displayed. We say that the
347 text line is continued, and all screen lines used for it after the
348 first are called continuation lines. *Note Continuation: Basic.
351 ASCII characters with octal codes 0 through 037, and also code
352 0177, do not have graphic images assigned to them. These are the
353 control characters. Any control character can be typed by holding
354 down the <CTRL> key and typing some other character; some have
355 special keys on the keyboard. <RET>, <TAB>, <ESC>, <LFD>, and
356 <DEL> are all control characters. *Note Keystrokes::.
359 A copyleft is a notice giving the public legal permission to
360 redistribute a program or other work of art. Copylefts are used
361 by leftists to enrich the public just as copyrights are used by
362 rightists to gain power over the public.
365 The current buffer in Emacs is the Emacs buffer on which most
366 editing commands operate. You can select any Emacs buffer as the
367 current one. *Note Buffers::.
370 The line point is on (*note Point::).
373 The paragraph that point is in. If point is between paragraphs,
374 the current paragraph is the one that follows point. *Note
378 The defun (q.v.) that point is in. If point is between defuns, the
379 current defun is the one that follows point. *Note Defuns::.
382 The cursor is the rectangle on the screen which indicates the
383 position called point (q.v.) at which insertion and deletion takes
384 place. The cursor is on or under the character that follows
385 point. Often people speak of `the cursor' when, strictly
386 speaking, they mean `point'. *Note Cursor: Basic.
389 Customization is making minor changes in the way Emacs works. It
390 is often done by setting variables (*note Variables::) or by
391 rebinding keys (*note Keymaps::).
394 The default for an argument is the value that is used if you do not
395 specify one. When Emacs prompts you in the minibuffer for an
396 argument, the default argument is used if you just type <RET>.
400 When you specify a file name that does not start with `/' or `~',
401 it is interpreted relative to the current buffer's default
402 directory. *Note Default Directory: Minibuffer File.
405 A defun is a list at the top level of parenthesis or bracket
406 structure in a program. It is so named because most such lists in
407 Lisp programs are calls to the Lisp function `defun'. *Note
411 The <DEL> character runs the command that deletes one character of
412 text. *Note DEL: Basic.
415 Deleting text means erasing it without saving it. Emacs deletes
416 text only when it is expected not to be worth saving (all
417 whitespace, or only one character). The alternative is killing
418 (q.v.). *Note Deletion: Killing.
421 Deleting a file means removing it from the file system. *Note
425 Deleting a message means flagging it to be eliminated from your
426 mail file. Until the mail file is expunged, you can undo this by
427 undeleting the message.
430 When working under the multi-frame X-based version of XEmacs, you
431 can delete individual frames using the Close menu item from the
435 When you delete a subwindow of an Emacs frame, you eliminate it
436 from the frame. Other windows expand to use up the space. The
437 deleted window can never come back, but no actual text is lost.
441 Files in the Unix file system are grouped into file directories.
442 *Note Directories: ListDir.
445 Dired is the Emacs facility that displays the contents of a file
446 directory and allows you to "edit the directory", performing
447 operations on the files in the directory. *Note Dired::.
450 A disabled command is one that you may not run without special
451 confirmation. Commands are usually disabled because they are
452 confusing for beginning users. *Note Disabling::.
455 A file into which Emacs writes all the characters that the user
456 types on the keyboard. Dribble files are used to make a record for
457 debugging Emacs bugs. Emacs does not make a dribble file unless
458 you tell it to. *Note Bugs::.
461 The area at the bottom of the Emacs frame which is used for
462 echoing the arguments to commands, for asking questions, and for
463 printing brief messages (including error messages). *Note Echo
467 Echoing refers to acknowledging the receipt of commands by
468 displaying them (in the echo area). Emacs never echoes
469 single-character keys; longer keys echo only if you pause while
473 An error occurs when an Emacs command cannot execute in the current
474 circumstances. When an error occurs, execution of the command
475 stops (unless the command has been programmed to do otherwise) and
476 Emacs reports the error by printing an error message (q.v.).
477 Type-ahead is discarded. Then Emacs is ready to read another
481 Error messages are single lines of output printed by Emacs when the
482 user asks for something impossible to do (such as killing text
483 forward when point is at the end of the buffer). They appear in
484 the echo area, accompanied by a beep.
487 <ESC> is a character used as a prefix for typing Meta characters on
488 keyboards lacking a <META> key. Unlike the <META> key (which,
489 like the <SHIFT> key, is held down while another character is
490 typed), the <ESC> key is pressed and released, and applies to the
491 next character typed.
494 The fill prefix is a string that Emacs enters at the beginning of
495 each line when it performs filling. It is not regarded as part of
496 the text to be filled. *Note Filling::.
499 Filling text means moving text from line to line so that all the
500 lines are approximately the same length. *Note Filling::.
503 When running Emacs on a TTY terminal, "frame" means the terminal's
504 screen. When running Emacs under X, you can have multiple frames,
505 each corresponding to a top-level X window and each looking like
506 the screen on a TTY. Each frame contains one or more
507 non-overlapping Emacs windows (possibly with associated
508 scrollbars, under X), an echo area, and (under X) possibly a
509 menubar, toolbar, and/or gutter.
512 Global means `independent of the current environment; in effect
513 throughout Emacs'. It is the opposite of local (q.v.). Examples
514 of the use of `global' appear below.
517 A global definition of an abbrev (q.v.) is effective in all major
518 modes that do not have local (q.v.) definitions for the same
519 abbrev. *Note Abbrevs::.
522 The global keymap (q.v.) contains key bindings that are in effect
523 unless local key bindings in a major mode's local keymap (q.v.)
524 override them.*Note Keymaps::.
527 Global substitution means replacing each occurrence of one string
528 by another string through a large amount of text. *Note Replace::.
531 The global value of a variable (q.v.) takes effect in all buffers
532 that do not have their own local (q.v.) values for the variable.
536 Graphic characters are those assigned pictorial images rather than
537 just names. All the non-Meta (q.v.) characters except for the
538 Control (q.v.) character are graphic characters. These include
539 letters, digits, punctuation, and spaces; they do not include
540 <RET> or <ESC>. In Emacs, typing a graphic character inserts that
541 character (in ordinary editing modes). *Note Basic Editing: Basic.
544 Grinding means adjusting the indentation in a program to fit the
545 nesting structure. *Note Grinding: Indentation.
548 Hardcopy means printed output. Emacs has commands for making
549 printed listings of text in Emacs buffers. *Note Hardcopy::.
552 You can type <HELP> at any time to ask what options you have, or
553 to ask what any command does. <HELP> is really `Control-h'.
557 An inbox is a file in which mail is delivered by the operating
558 system. Some mail handlers transfers mail from inboxes to mail
559 files (q.v.) in which the mail is then stored permanently or until
563 Indentation means blank space at the beginning of a line. Most
564 programming languages have conventions for using indentation to
565 illuminate the structure of the program, and Emacs has special
566 features to help you set up the correct indentation. *Note
570 Insertion means copying text into the buffer, either from the
571 keyboard or from some other place in Emacs.
574 Justification means adding extra spaces to lines of text to make
575 them come exactly to a specified width. *Note Justification:
579 Keyboard macros are a way of defining new Emacs commands from
580 sequences of existing ones, with no need to write a Lisp program.
581 *Note Keyboard Macros::.
584 A key is a sequence of characters that, when input to Emacs,
585 specify or begin to specify a single action for Emacs to perform.
586 That is, the sequence is considered a single unit. If the key is
587 enough to specify one action, it is a complete key (q.v.); if it
588 is less than enough, it is a prefix key (q.v.). *Note
592 The keymap is the data structure that records the bindings (q.v.)
593 of keys to the commands that they run. For example, the keymap
594 binds the character `C-n' to the command function `next-line'.
598 The kill ring is the place where all text you have killed recently
599 is saved. You can re-insert any of the killed text still in the
600 ring; this is called yanking (q.v.). *Note Yanking::.
603 Killing means erasing text and saving it on the kill ring so it
604 can be yanked (q.v.) later. Some other systems call this
605 "cutting." Most Emacs commands to erase text do killing, as
606 opposed to deletion (q.v.). *Note Killing::.
609 Killing a job (such as, an invocation of Emacs) means making it
610 cease to exist. Any data within it, if not saved in a file, is
611 lost. *Note Exiting::.
614 A list is, approximately, a text string beginning with an open
615 parenthesis and ending with the matching close parenthesis. In C
616 mode and other non-Lisp modes, groupings surrounded by other kinds
617 of matched delimiters appropriate to the language, such as braces,
618 are also considered lists. Emacs has special commands for many
619 operations on lists. *Note Lists::.
622 Local means `in effect only in a particular context'; the relevant
623 kind of context is a particular function execution, a particular
624 buffer, or a particular major mode. Local is the opposite of
625 `global' (q.v.). Specific uses of `local' in Emacs terminology
629 A local abbrev definition is effective only if a particular major
630 mode is selected. In that major mode, it overrides any global
631 definition for the same abbrev. *Note Abbrevs::.
634 A local keymap is used in a particular major mode; the key bindings
635 (q.v.) in the current local keymap override global bindings of the
636 same keys. *Note Keymaps::.
639 A local value of a variable (q.v.) applies to only one buffer.
643 `M-' in the name of a character is an abbreviation for <META>, one
644 of the modifier keys that can accompany any character. *Note
648 `M-C-' in the name of a character is an abbreviation for
649 Control-Meta; it means the same thing as `C-M-'. If your terminal
650 lacks a real <META> key, you type a Control-Meta character by
651 typing <ESC> and then typing the corresponding Control character.
652 *Note C-M-: Keystrokes.
655 `M-x' is the key which is used to call an Emacs command by name.
656 You use it to call commands that are not bound to keys. *Note
660 Mail means messages sent from one user to another through the
661 computer system, to be read at the recipient's convenience. Emacs
662 has commands for composing and sending mail, and for reading and
663 editing the mail you have received. *Note Sending Mail::.
666 The major modes are a mutually exclusive set of options each of
667 which configures Emacs for editing a certain sort of text.
668 Ideally, each programming language has its own major mode. *Note
672 The mark points to a position in the text. It specifies one end
673 of the region (q.v.), point being the other end. Many commands
674 operate on the whole region, that is, all the text from point to
675 the mark. *Note Mark::.
678 The mark ring is used to hold several recent previous locations of
679 the mark, just in case you want to move back to them. *Note Mark
686 Meta is the name of a modifier bit which a command character may
687 have. It is present in a character if the character is typed with
688 the <META> key held down. Such characters are given names that
689 start with `Meta-'. For example, `Meta-<' is typed by holding down
690 <META> and at the same time typing `<' (which itself is done, on
691 most terminals, by holding down <SHIFT> and typing `,'). *Note
695 A Meta character is one whose character code includes the Meta bit.
698 The minibuffer is the window that Emacs displays inside the echo
699 area (q.v.) when it prompts you for arguments to commands. *Note
703 A minor mode is an optional feature of Emacs which can be switched
704 on or off independent of the major mode. Each minor mode has a
705 command to turn it on or off. *Note Minor Modes::.
708 The mode line is the line at the bottom of each text window (q.v.),
709 which gives status information on the buffer displayed in that
710 window. *Note Mode Line::.
713 A buffer (q.v.) is modified if its text has been changed since the
714 last time the buffer was saved (or since it was created, if it has
715 never been saved). *Note Saving::.
718 Moving text means erasing it from one place and inserting it in
719 another. This is done by killing (q.v.) and then yanking (q.v.).
723 A named mark is a register (q.v.) in its role of recording a
724 location in text so that you can move point to that location.
728 Narrowing means creating a restriction (q.v.) that limits editing
729 in the current buffer to only a part of the text in the buffer.
730 Text outside that part is inaccessible to the user until the
731 boundaries are widened again, but it is still there, and saving
732 the file saves the invisible text. *Note Narrowing::.
735 <LFD> characters in the buffer terminate lines of text and are
736 called newlines. *Note Newline: Keystrokes.
739 A numeric argument is a number, specified before a command, to
740 change the effect of the command. Often the numeric argument
741 serves as a repeat count. *Note Arguments::.
744 An option is a variable (q.v.) that allows you to customize Emacs
745 by giving it a new value. *Note Variables::.
748 Overwrite mode is a minor mode. When it is enabled, ordinary text
749 characters replace the existing text after point rather than
750 pushing it to the right. *Note Minor Modes::.
753 A page is a unit of text, delimited by formfeed characters (ASCII
754 Control-L, code 014) coming at the beginning of a line. Some Emacs
755 commands are provided for moving over and operating on pages.
759 Paragraphs are the medium-size unit of English text. There are
760 special Emacs commands for moving over and operating on paragraphs.
764 We say that Emacs parses words or expressions in the text being
765 edited. Really, all it knows how to do is find the other end of a
766 word or expression. *Note Syntax::.
769 Point is the place in the buffer at which insertion and deletion
770 occur. Point is considered to be between two characters, not at
771 one character. The terminal's cursor (q.v.) indicates the
772 location of point. *Note Point: Basic.
775 A prefix key is a key (q.v.) whose sole function is to introduce a
776 set of multi-character keys. `Control-x' is an example of a prefix
777 key; any two-character sequence starting with `C-x' is also a
778 legitimate key. *Note Keystrokes::.
781 A prompt is text printed to ask the user for input. Printing a
782 prompt is called prompting. Emacs prompts always appear in the
783 echo area (q.v.). One kind of prompting happens when the
784 minibuffer is used to read an argument (*note Minibuffer::); the
785 echoing which happens when you pause in the middle of typing a
786 multi-character key is also a kind of prompting (*note Echo
790 Quitting means cancelling a partially typed command or a running
791 command, using `C-g'. *Note Quitting::.
794 Quoting means depriving a character of its usual special
795 significance. In Emacs this is usually done with `Control-q'.
796 What constitutes special significance depends on the context and
797 on convention. For example, an "ordinary" character as an Emacs
798 command inserts itself; so in this context, a special character is
799 any character that does not normally insert itself (such as <DEL>,
800 for example), and quoting it makes it insert itself as if it were
801 not special. Not all contexts allow quoting. *Note Quoting:
805 A read-only buffer is one whose text you are not allowed to change.
806 Normally Emacs makes buffers read-only when they contain text which
807 has a special significance to Emacs, such as Dired buffers.
808 Visiting a file that is write-protected also makes a read-only
809 buffer. *Note Buffers::.
811 Recursive Editing Level
812 A recursive editing level is a state in which part of the
813 execution of a command involves asking the user to edit some text.
814 This text may or may not be the same as the text to which the
815 command was applied. The mode line indicates recursive editing
816 levels with square brackets (`[' and `]'). *Note Recursive Edit::.
819 Redisplay is the process of correcting the image on the screen to
820 correspond to changes that have been made in the text being edited.
821 *Note Redisplay: Frame.
824 See `regular expression'.
827 The region is the text between point (q.v.) and the mark (q.v.).
828 Many commands operate on the text of the region. *Note Region:
832 Registers are named slots in which text or buffer positions or
833 rectangles can be saved for later use. *Note Registers::.
836 A regular expression is a pattern that can match various text
837 strings; for example, `l[0-9]+' matches `l' followed by one or more
838 digits. *Note Regexps::.
841 See `global substitution'.
844 A buffer's restriction is the amount of text, at the beginning or
845 the end of the buffer, that is temporarily invisible and
846 inaccessible. Giving a buffer a nonzero amount of restriction is
847 called narrowing (q.v.). *Note Narrowing::.
850 <RET> is the character than runs the command to insert a newline
851 into the text. It is also used to terminate most arguments read
852 in the minibuffer (q.v.). *Note Return: Keystrokes.
855 Saving a buffer means copying its text into the file that was
856 visited (q.v.) in that buffer. To actually change a file you have
857 edited in Emacs, you have to save it. *Note Saving::.
860 Scrolling means shifting the text in the Emacs window to make a
861 different part of the buffer visible. *Note Scrolling: Display.
864 Searching means moving point to the next occurrence of a specified
865 string. *Note Search::.
868 Selecting a buffer means making it the current (q.v.) buffer.
869 *Note Selecting: Buffers.
872 Self-documentation is the feature of Emacs which can tell you what
873 any command does, or can give you a list of all commands related
874 to a topic you specify. You ask for self-documentation with the
875 help character, `C-h'. *Note Help::.
878 Emacs has commands for moving by or killing by sentences. *Note
882 An sexp (short for `s-expression,' itself short for `symbolic
883 expression') is the basic syntactic unit of Lisp in its textual
884 form: either a list, or Lisp atom. Many Emacs commands operate on
885 sexps. The term `sexp' is generalized to languages other than
886 Lisp to mean a syntactically recognizable expression. *Note
890 Simultaneous editing means two users modifying the same file at
891 once. If simultaneous editing is not detected, you may lose your
892 work. Emacs detects all cases of simultaneous editing and warns
893 the user to investigate them. *Note Simultaneous Editing:
897 A string is a kind of Lisp data object which contains a sequence of
898 characters. Many Emacs variables are intended to have strings as
899 values. The Lisp syntax for a string consists of the characters in
900 the string with a `"' before and another `"' after. Write a `"'
901 that is part of the string as `\"' and a `\' that is part of the
902 string as `\\'. You can include all other characters, including
903 newline, just by writing them inside the string. You can also
904 include escape sequences as in C, such as `\n' for newline or
905 `\241' using an octal character code.
908 See `global substitution'.
911 The syntax table tells Emacs which characters are part of a word,
912 which characters balance each other like parentheses, etc. *Note
916 A tag table is a file that serves as an index to the function
917 definitions in one or more other files. *Note Tags::.
920 A termscript file contains a record of all characters Emacs sent to
921 the terminal. It is used for tracking down bugs in Emacs
922 redisplay. Emacs does not make a termscript file unless
923 explicitly instructed to do so. *Note Bugs::.
926 Text has two meanings (*note Text::):
928 * Data consisting of a sequence of characters, as opposed to
929 binary numbers, images, graphics commands, executable
930 programs, and the like. The contents of an Emacs buffer are
931 always text in this sense.
933 * Data consisting of written human language, as opposed to
934 programs, or something that follows the stylistic conventions
938 Top level is the normal state of Emacs, in which you are editing
939 the text of the file you have visited. You are at top level
940 whenever you are not in a recursive editing level (q.v.) or the
941 minibuffer (q.v.), and not in the middle of a command. You can
942 get back to top level by aborting (q.v.) and quitting (q.v.).
946 Transposing two units of text means putting each one into the place
947 formerly occupied by the other. There are Emacs commands to
948 transpose two adjacent characters, words, sexps (q.v.), or lines
952 Truncating text lines in the display means leaving out any text on
953 a line that does not fit within the right margin of the window
954 displaying it. See also `continuation line'. *Note Truncation:
958 Undoing means making your previous editing go in reverse, bringing
959 back the text that existed earlier in the editing session. *Note
963 A variable is Lisp object that can store an arbitrary value.
964 Emacs uses some variables for internal purposes, and has others
965 (known as `options' (q.v.)) you can set to control the behavior of
966 Emacs. The variables used in Emacs that you are likely to be
967 interested in are listed in the Variables Index of this manual.
968 *Note Variables::, for information on variables.
971 Visiting a file means loading its contents into a buffer (q.v.)
972 where they can be edited. *Note Visiting::.
975 Whitespace is any run of consecutive formatting characters (spaces,
976 tabs, newlines, and backspaces).
979 Widening is removing any restriction (q.v.) on the current buffer;
980 it is the opposite of narrowing (q.v.). *Note Narrowing::.
983 Emacs divides the frame into one or more windows, each of which can
984 display the contents of one buffer (q.v.) at any time. *Note
985 Frame::, for basic information on how Emacs uses the frame. *Note
986 Windows::, for commands to control the use of windows. Note that if
987 you are running Emacs under X, terminology can be confusing: Each
988 Emacs frame occupies a separate X window and can, in turn, be
989 divided into different subwindows.
992 Synonymous with `abbrev'.
995 Word search is searching for a sequence of words, considering the
996 punctuation between them as insignificant. *Note Word Search::.
999 Yanking means reinserting text previously killed. It can be used
1000 to undo a mistaken kill, or for copying or moving text. Some other
1001 systems call this "pasting". *Note Yanking::.
1004 File: xemacs.info, Node: Manifesto, Next: Key Index, Prev: Glossary, Up: Top
1009 What's GNU? GNU's Not Unix!
1010 ============================
1012 GNU, which stands for GNU's Not Unix, is the name for the complete
1013 Unix-compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it
1014 away free to everyone who can use it. Several other volunteers are
1015 helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs, and equipment are
1018 So far we have an Emacs text editor with Lisp for writing editor
1019 commands, a source level debugger, a yacc-compatible parser generator,
1020 a linker, and around 35 utilities. A shell (command interpreter) is
1021 nearly completed. A new portable optimizing C compiler has compiled
1022 itself and may be released this year. An initial kernel exists, but
1023 many more features are needed to emulate Unix. When the kernel and
1024 compiler are finished, it will be possible to distribute a GNU system
1025 suitable for program development. We will use TeX as our text
1026 formatter, but an nroff is being worked on. We will use the free,
1027 portable X window system as well. After this we will add a portable
1028 Common Lisp, an Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of other
1029 things, plus online documentation. We hope to supply, eventually,
1030 everything useful that normally comes with a Unix system, and more.
1032 GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to
1033 Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our
1034 experience with other operating systems. In particular, we plan to
1035 have longer filenames, file version numbers, a crashproof file system,
1036 filename completion perhaps, terminal-independent display support, and
1037 perhaps eventually a Lisp-based window system through which several
1038 Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs can share a screen. Both C
1039 and Lisp will be available as system programming languages. We will
1040 try to support UUCP, MIT Chaosnet, and Internet protocols for
1043 GNU is aimed initially at machines in the 68000/16000 class with
1044 virtual memory, because they are the easiest machines to make it run
1045 on. The extra effort to make it run on smaller machines will be left
1046 to someone who wants to use it on them.
1048 To avoid horrible confusion, please pronounce the `G' in the word
1049 `GNU' when it is the name of this project.
1051 Why I Must Write GNU
1052 ====================
1054 I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I must
1055 share it with other people who like it. Software sellers want to divide
1056 the users and conquer them, making each user agree not to share with
1057 others. I refuse to break solidarity with other users in this way. I
1058 cannot in good conscience sign a nondisclosure agreement or a software
1059 license agreement. For years I worked within the Artificial
1060 Intelligence Lab to resist such tendencies and other inhospitalities,
1061 but eventually they had gone too far: I could not remain in an
1062 institution where such things are done for me against my will.
1064 So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have
1065 decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I
1066 will be able to get along without any software that is not free. I
1067 have resigned from the AI lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent
1068 me from giving GNU away.
1070 Why GNU Will Be Compatible With Unix
1071 ====================================
1073 Unix is not my ideal system, but it is not too bad. The essential
1074 features of Unix seem to be good ones, and I think I can fill in what
1075 Unix lacks without spoiling them. And a system compatible with Unix
1076 would be convenient for many other people to adopt.
1078 How GNU Will Be Available
1079 =========================
1081 GNU is not in the public domain. Everyone will be permitted to modify
1082 and redistribute GNU, but no distributor will be allowed to restrict its
1083 further redistribution. That is to say, proprietary modifications will
1084 not be allowed. I want to make sure that all versions of GNU remain
1087 Why Many Other Programmers Want to Help
1088 =======================================
1090 I have found many other programmers who are excited about GNU and want
1093 Many programmers are unhappy about the commercialization of system
1094 software. It may enable them to make more money, but it requires them
1095 to feel in conflict with other programmers in general rather than feel
1096 as comrades. The fundamental act of friendship among programmers is the
1097 sharing of programs; marketing arrangements now typically used
1098 essentially forbid programmers to treat others as friends. The
1099 purchaser of software must choose between friendship and obeying the
1100 law. Naturally, many decide that friendship is more important. But
1101 those who believe in law often do not feel at ease with either choice.
1102 They become cynical and think that programming is just a way of making
1105 By working on and using GNU rather than proprietary programs, we can
1106 be hospitable to everyone and obey the law. In addition, GNU serves as
1107 an example to inspire and a banner to rally others to join us in
1108 sharing. This can give us a feeling of harmony which is impossible if
1109 we use software that is not free. For about half the programmers I
1110 talk to, this is an important happiness that money cannot replace.
1112 How You Can Contribute
1113 ======================
1115 I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money.
1116 I'm asking individuals for donations of programs and work.
1118 One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is that GNU
1119 will run on them at an early date. The machines should be complete,
1120 ready-to-use systems, approved for use in a residential area, and not
1121 in need of sophisticated cooling or power.
1123 I have found very many programmers eager to contribute part-time
1124 work for GNU. For most projects, such part-time distributed work would
1125 be very hard to coordinate; the independently-written parts would not
1126 work together. But for the particular task of replacing Unix, this
1127 problem is absent. A complete Unix system contains hundreds of utility
1128 programs, each of which is documented separately. Most interface
1129 specifications are fixed by Unix compatibility. If each contributor
1130 can write a compatible replacement for a single Unix utility, and make
1131 it work properly in place of the original on a Unix system, then these
1132 utilities will work right when put together. Even allowing for Murphy
1133 to create a few unexpected problems, assembling these components will
1134 be a feasible task. (The kernel will require closer communication and
1135 will be worked on by a small, tight group.)
1137 If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full
1138 or part time. The salary won't be high by programmers' standards, but
1139 I'm looking for people for whom building community spirit is as
1140 important as making money. I view this as a way of enabling dedicated
1141 people to devote their full energies to working on GNU by sparing them
1142 the need to make a living in another way.
1144 Why All Computer Users Will Benefit
1145 ===================================
1147 Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system
1148 software free, just like air.
1150 This means much more than just saving everyone the price of a Unix
1151 license. It means that much wasteful duplication of system programming
1152 effort will be avoided. This effort can go instead into advancing the
1155 Complete system sources will be available to everyone. As a result,
1156 a user who needs changes in the system will always be free to make them
1157 himself, or hire any available programmer or company to make them for
1158 him. Users will no longer be at the mercy of one programmer or company
1159 which owns the sources and is in sole position to make changes.
1161 Schools will be able to provide a much more educational environment
1162 by encouraging all students to study and improve the system code.
1163 Harvard's computer lab used to have the policy that no program could be
1164 installed on the system if its sources were not on public display, and
1165 upheld it by actually refusing to install certain programs. I was very
1166 much inspired by this.
1168 Finally, the overhead of considering who owns the system software
1169 and what one is or is not entitled to do with it will be lifted.
1171 Arrangements to make people pay for using a program, including
1172 licensing of copies, always incur a tremendous cost to society through
1173 the cumbersome mechanisms necessary to figure out how much (that is,
1174 which programs) a person must pay for. And only a police state can
1175 force everyone to obey them. Consider a space station where air must
1176 be manufactured at great cost: charging each breather per liter of air
1177 may be fair, but wearing the metered gas mask all day and all night is
1178 intolerable even if everyone can afford to pay the air bill. And the
1179 TV cameras everywhere to see if you ever take the mask off are
1180 outrageous. It's better to support the air plant with a head tax and
1183 Copying all or parts of a program is as natural to a programmer as
1184 breathing, and as productive. It ought to be as free.
1186 Some Easily Rebutted Objections to GNU's Goals
1187 ==============================================
1189 "Nobody will use it if it is free, because that means they can't
1190 rely on any support."
1192 "You have to charge for the program to pay for providing the
1195 If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free
1196 without service, a company to provide just service to people who have
1197 obtained GNU free ought to be profitable.
1199 We must distinguish between support in the form of real programming
1200 work and mere handholding. The former is something one cannot rely on
1201 from a software vendor. If your problem is not shared by enough
1202 people, the vendor will tell you to get lost.
1204 If your business needs to be able to rely on support, the only way
1205 is to have all the necessary sources and tools. Then you can hire any
1206 available person to fix your problem; you are not at the mercy of any
1207 individual. With Unix, the price of sources puts this out of
1208 consideration for most businesses. With GNU this will be easy. It is
1209 still possible for there to be no available competent person, but this
1210 problem cannot be blamed on distribution arrangements. GNU does not
1211 eliminate all the world's problems, only some of them.
1213 Meanwhile, the users who know nothing about computers need
1214 handholding: doing things for them which they could easily do
1215 themselves but don't know how.
1217 Such services could be provided by companies that sell just
1218 hand-holding and repair service. If it is true that users would rather
1219 spend money and get a product with service, they will also be willing
1220 to buy the service having got the product free. The service companies
1221 will compete in quality and price; users will not be tied to any
1222 particular one. Meanwhile, those of us who don't need the service
1223 should be able to use the program without paying for the service.
1225 "You cannot reach many people without advertising, and you must
1226 charge for the program to support that."
1228 "It's no use advertising a program people can get free."
1230 There are various forms of free or very cheap publicity that can be
1231 used to inform numbers of computer users about something like GNU. But
1232 it may be true that one can reach more microcomputer users with
1233 advertising. If this is really so, a business which advertises the
1234 service of copying and mailing GNU for a fee ought to be successful
1235 enough to pay for its advertising and more. This way, only the users
1236 who benefit from the advertising pay for it.
1238 On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and
1239 such companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not
1240 really necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates
1241 don't want to let the free market decide this?
1243 "My company needs a proprietary operating system to get a
1246 GNU will remove operating system software from the realm of
1247 competition. You will not be able to get an edge in this area, but
1248 neither will your competitors be able to get an edge over you. You and
1249 they will compete in other areas, while benefitting mutually in this
1250 one. If your business is selling an operating system, you will not
1251 like GNU, but that's tough on you. If your business is something else,
1252 GNU can save you from being pushed into the expensive business of
1253 selling operating systems.
1255 I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many
1256 manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.
1258 "Don't programmers deserve a reward for their creativity?"
1260 If anything deserves a reward, it is social contribution.
1261 Creativity can be a social contribution, but only in so far as society
1262 is free to use the results. If programmers deserve to be rewarded for
1263 creating innovative programs, by the same token they deserve to be
1264 punished if they restrict the use of these programs.
1266 "Shouldn't a programmer be able to ask for a reward for his
1269 There is nothing wrong with wanting pay for work, or seeking to
1270 maximize one's income, as long as one does not use means that are
1271 destructive. But the means customary in the field of software today
1272 are based on destruction.
1274 Extracting money from users of a program by restricting their use of
1275 it is destructive because the restrictions reduce the amount and the
1276 ways that the program can be used. This reduces the amount of wealth
1277 that humanity derives from the program. When there is a deliberate
1278 choice to restrict, the harmful consequences are deliberate destruction.
1280 The reason a good citizen does not use such destructive means to
1281 become wealthier is that, if everyone did so, we would all become
1282 poorer from the mutual destructiveness. This is Kantian ethics; or,
1283 the Golden Rule. Since I do not like the consequences that result if
1284 everyone hoards information, I am required to consider it wrong for one
1285 to do so. Specifically, the desire to be rewarded for one's creativity
1286 does not justify depriving the world in general of all or part of that
1289 "Won't programmers starve?"
1291 I could answer that nobody is forced to be a programmer. Most of us
1292 cannot manage to get any money for standing on the street and making
1293 faces. But we are not, as a result, condemned to spend our lives
1294 standing on the street making faces, and starving. We do something
1297 But that is the wrong answer because it accepts the questioner's
1298 implicit assumption: that without ownership of software, programmers
1299 cannot possibly be paid a cent. Supposedly it is all or nothing.
1301 The real reason programmers will not starve is that it will still be
1302 possible for them to get paid for programming; just not paid as much as
1305 Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software.
1306 It is the most common basis because it brings in the most money. If it
1307 were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software business would
1308 move to other bases of organization which are now used less often.
1309 There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business.
1311 Probably programming will not be as lucrative on the new basis as it
1312 is now. But that is not an argument against the change. It is not
1313 considered an injustice that sales clerks make the salaries that they
1314 now do. If programmers made the same, that would not be an injustice
1315 either. (In practice they would still make considerably more than
1318 "Don't people have a right to control how their creativity is
1321 "Control over the use of one's ideas" really constitutes control over
1322 other people's lives; and it is usually used to make their lives more
1325 People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights
1326 carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no intrinsic right to
1327 intellectual property. The kinds of supposed intellectual property
1328 rights that the government recognizes were created by specific acts of
1329 legislation for specific purposes.
1331 For example, the patent system was established to encourage
1332 inventors to disclose the details of their inventions. Its purpose was
1333 to help society rather than to help inventors. At the time, the life
1334 span of 17 years for a patent was short compared with the rate of
1335 advance of the state of the art. Since patents are an issue only among
1336 manufacturers, for whom the cost and effort of a license agreement are
1337 small compared with setting up production, the patents often do not do
1338 much harm. They do not obstruct most individuals who use patented
1341 The idea of copyright did not exist in ancient times, when authors
1342 frequently copied other authors at length in works of non-fiction. This
1343 practice was useful, and is the only way many authors' works have
1344 survived even in part. The copyright system was created expressly for
1345 the purpose of encouraging authorship. In the domain for which it was
1346 invented--books, which could be copied economically only on a printing
1347 press--it did little harm, and did not obstruct most of the individuals
1350 All intellectual property rights are just licenses granted by society
1351 because it was thought, rightly or wrongly, that society as a whole
1352 would benefit by granting them. But in any particular situation, we
1353 have to ask: are we really better off granting such license? What kind
1354 of act are we licensing a person to do?
1356 The case of programs today is very different from that of books a
1357 hundred years ago. The fact that the easiest way to copy a program is
1358 from one neighbor to another, the fact that a program has both source
1359 code and object code which are distinct, and the fact that a program is
1360 used rather than read and enjoyed, combine to create a situation in
1361 which a person who enforces a copyright is harming society as a whole
1362 both materially and spiritually; in which a person should not do so
1363 regardless of whether the law enables him to.
1365 "Competition makes things get done better."
1367 The paradigm of competition is a race: by rewarding the winner, we
1368 encourage everyone to run faster. When capitalism really works this
1369 way, it does a good job; but its defenders are wrong in assuming it
1370 always works this way. If the runners forget why the reward is offered
1371 and become intent on winning, no matter how, they may find other
1372 strategies--such as, attacking other runners. If the runners get into
1373 a fist fight, they will all finish late.
1375 Proprietary and secret software is the moral equivalent of runners
1376 in a fist fight. Sad to say, the only referee we've got does not seem
1377 to object to fights; he just regulates them ("For every ten yards you
1378 run, you can fire one shot"). He really ought to break them up, and
1379 penalize runners for even trying to fight.
1381 "Won't everyone stop programming without a monetary incentive?"
1383 Actually, many people will program with absolutely no monetary
1384 incentive. Programming has an irresistible fascination for some
1385 people, usually the people who are best at it. There is no shortage of
1386 professional musicians who keep at it even though they have no hope of
1387 making a living that way.
1389 But really this question, though commonly asked, is not appropriate
1390 to the situation. Pay for programmers will not disappear, only become
1391 less. So the right question is, will anyone program with a reduced
1392 monetary incentive? My experience shows that they will.
1394 For more than ten years, many of the world's best programmers worked
1395 at the Artificial Intelligence Lab for far less money than they could
1396 have had anywhere else. They got many kinds of non-monetary rewards:
1397 fame and appreciation, for example. And creativity is also fun, a
1400 Then most of them left when offered a chance to do the same
1401 interesting work for a lot of money.
1403 What the facts show is that people will program for reasons other
1404 than riches; but if given a chance to make a lot of money as well, they
1405 will come to expect and demand it. Low-paying organizations do poorly
1406 in competition with high-paying ones, but they do not have to do badly
1407 if the high-paying ones are banned.
1409 "We need the programmers desperately. If they demand that we stop
1410 helping our neighbors, we have to obey."
1412 You're never so desperate that you have to obey this sort of demand.
1413 Remember: millions for defense, but not a cent for tribute!
1415 "Programmers need to make a living somehow."
1417 In the short run, this is true. However, there are plenty of ways
1418 that programmers could make a living without selling the right to use a
1419 program. This way is customary now because it brings programmers and
1420 businessmen the most money, not because it is the only way to make a
1421 living. It is easy to find other ways if you want to find them. Here
1422 are a number of examples.
1424 A manufacturer introducing a new computer will pay for the porting of
1425 operating systems onto the new hardware.
1427 The sale of teaching, hand-holding, and maintenance services could
1428 also employ programmers.
1430 People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware and ask
1431 for donations from satisfied users or sell hand-holding services. I
1432 have met people who are already working this way successfully.
1434 Users with related needs can form users' groups and pay dues. A
1435 group would contract with programming companies to write programs that
1436 the group's members would like to use.
1438 All sorts of development can be funded with a Software Tax:
1440 Suppose everyone who buys a computer has to pay a certain percent
1441 of the price as a software tax. The government gives this to an
1442 agency like the NSF to spend on software development.
1444 But if the computer buyer makes a donation to software development
1445 himself, he can take a credit against the tax. He can donate to
1446 the project of his own choosing--often, chosen because he hopes to
1447 use the results when
1449 it is done. He can take a credit for any amount of donation up to
1450 the total tax he had to pay.
1452 The total tax rate could be decided by a vote of the payers of the
1453 tax, weighted according to the amount they will be taxed on.
1457 * The computer-using community supports software development.
1459 * This community decides what level of support is needed.
1461 * Users who care which projects their share is spent on can
1462 choose this for themselves.
1464 In the long run, making programs free is a step toward the
1465 post-scarcity world, where nobody will have to work very hard just to
1466 make a living. People will be free to devote themselves to activities
1467 that are fun, such as programming, after spending the necessary ten
1468 hours a week on required tasks such as legislation, family counseling,
1469 robot repair, and asteroid prospecting. There will be no need to be
1470 able to make a living from programming.
1472 We have already greatly reduced the amount of work that the whole
1473 society must do for its actual productivity, but only a little of this
1474 has translated itself into leisure for workers because much
1475 nonproductive activity is required to accompany productive activity.
1476 The main causes of this are bureaucracy and isometric struggles against
1477 competition. Free software will greatly reduce these drains in the
1478 area of software production. We must do this, in order for technical
1479 gains in productivity to translate into less work for us.
1482 File: xemacs.info, Node: Key Index, Next: Command Index, Prev: Manifesto, Up: Top
1484 Key (Character) Index
1485 *********************
1490 * ! (query-replace): Query Replace. (line 27)
1491 * " (TeX mode): TeX Editing. (line 31)
1492 * , (query-replace): Query Replace. (line 27)
1493 * . (Calendar mode): Specified Dates. (line 26)
1494 * . (query-replace): Query Replace. (line 27)
1495 * ? (Calendar mode): General Calendar. (line 26)
1496 * ^ (query-replace): Query Replace. (line 27)
1497 * a (Calendar mode): Holidays. (line 48)
1498 * BS: Inserting Text. (line 13)
1499 * button1: Intro to Keystrokes. (line 16)
1500 * button1up: Intro to Keystrokes. (line 16)
1501 * button2: Intro to Keystrokes. (line 16)
1502 * button2up: Intro to Keystrokes. (line 16)
1503 * button3: Intro to Keystrokes. (line 16)
1504 * button3up: Intro to Keystrokes. (line 16)
1505 * C-<: Setting Mark. (line 50)
1506 * C->: Setting Mark. (line 50)
1507 * C-@ (Calendar mode): Mark and Region. (line 24)
1508 * C-\: Select Input Method. (line 26)
1509 * C-] <1>: Quitting. (line 44)
1510 * C-]: Recursive Edit. (line 18)
1511 * C-_: Undo. (line 20)
1512 * C-a: Moving Point. (line 15)
1513 * C-a (Calendar mode): Move to Beginning or End.
1515 * C-b: Moving Point. (line 15)
1516 * C-b (Calendar mode): Calendar Unit Motion.
1518 * C-c: Key Sequences. (line 29)
1519 * C-c ' (Picture mode): Insert in Picture. (line 6)
1520 * C-c . (Picture mode): Insert in Picture. (line 6)
1521 * C-c / (Picture mode): Insert in Picture. (line 6)
1522 * C-c ; (Fortran mode): Fortran Comments. (line 71)
1523 * C-c < (Picture mode): Insert in Picture. (line 6)
1524 * C-c > (Picture mode): Insert in Picture. (line 6)
1525 * C-c \ (Picture mode): Insert in Picture. (line 6)
1526 * C-c ^ (Picture mode): Insert in Picture. (line 6)
1527 * C-c ` (Picture mode): Insert in Picture. (line 6)
1528 * C-c C-\ (Shell mode): Shell Mode. (line 12)
1529 * C-c C-b (Outline mode): Outline Motion. (line 36)
1530 * C-c C-b (Picture mode): Insert in Picture. (line 40)
1531 * C-c C-b (TeX mode): TeX Print. (line 32)
1532 * C-c C-c (Edit Abbrevs): Editing Abbrevs. (line 34)
1533 * C-c C-c (Edit Tab Stops): Tab Stops. (line 11)
1534 * C-c C-c (Mail mode): Mail Mode. (line 45)
1535 * C-c C-c (Occur mode): Other Repeating Search.
1537 * C-c C-c (Shell mode): Shell Mode. (line 12)
1538 * C-c C-d (Outline mode): Outline Visibility. (line 48)
1539 * C-c C-d (Picture mode): Basic Picture. (line 41)
1540 * C-c C-d (Shell mode): Shell Mode. (line 12)
1541 * C-c C-f (LaTeX mode): TeX Editing. (line 72)
1542 * C-c C-f (Outline mode): Outline Motion. (line 36)
1543 * C-c C-f (Picture mode): Insert in Picture. (line 40)
1544 * C-c C-f C-c (Mail mode): Mail Mode. (line 54)
1545 * C-c C-f C-s (Mail mode): Mail Mode. (line 54)
1546 * C-c C-f C-t (Mail mode): Mail Mode. (line 54)
1547 * C-c C-h (Outline mode): Outline Visibility. (line 48)
1548 * C-c C-i (Outline mode): Outline Visibility. (line 62)
1549 * C-c C-j (Term mode): Term Mode. (line 12)
1550 * C-c C-k (Picture mode): Rectangles in Picture.
1552 * C-c C-k (Term mode): Term Mode. (line 17)
1553 * C-c C-k (TeX mode): TeX Print. (line 38)
1554 * C-c C-l (Calendar mode): General Calendar. (line 33)
1555 * C-c C-l (TeX mode): TeX Print. (line 38)
1556 * C-c C-n (Fortran mode): Fortran Motion. (line 11)
1557 * C-c C-n (Outline mode): Outline Motion. (line 29)
1558 * C-c C-o (Shell mode): Shell Mode. (line 12)
1559 * C-c C-p (Fortran mode): Fortran Motion. (line 11)
1560 * C-c C-p (Outline mode): Outline Motion. (line 29)
1561 * C-c C-p (TeX mode): TeX Print. (line 32)
1562 * C-c C-q (Mail mode): Mail Mode. (line 78)
1563 * C-c C-q (Term mode): Paging in Term. (line 9)
1564 * C-c C-q (TeX mode): TeX Print. (line 32)
1565 * C-c C-r (Fortran mode): Fortran Columns. (line 15)
1566 * C-c C-r (Shell mode): Shell Mode. (line 12)
1567 * C-c C-r (TeX mode): TeX Print. (line 48)
1568 * C-c C-s (Mail mode): Mail Mode. (line 45)
1569 * C-c C-u (Outline mode): Outline Motion. (line 36)
1570 * C-c C-u (Shell mode): Shell Mode. (line 12)
1571 * C-c C-w (Fortran mode): Fortran Columns. (line 30)
1572 * C-c C-w (Mail mode): Mail Mode. (line 63)
1573 * C-c C-w (Picture mode): Rectangles in Picture.
1575 * C-c C-w (Shell mode): Shell Mode. (line 12)
1576 * C-c C-x (Picture mode): Rectangles in Picture.
1578 * C-c C-y (Mail mode): Mail Mode. (line 67)
1579 * C-c C-y (Picture mode): Rectangles in Picture.
1581 * C-c C-y (Shell mode): Shell Mode. (line 12)
1582 * C-c C-z (Shell mode): Shell Mode. (line 12)
1583 * C-c TAB (Picture mode): Tabs in Picture. (line 23)
1584 * C-c { (TeX mode): TeX Editing. (line 49)
1585 * C-c } (TeX mode): TeX Editing. (line 49)
1586 * C-d: Killing. (line 6)
1587 * C-d (Shell mode): Shell Mode. (line 12)
1588 * C-e: Moving Point. (line 15)
1589 * C-e (Calendar mode): Move to Beginning or End.
1591 * C-END: Moving Point. (line 15)
1592 * C-f: Moving Point. (line 15)
1593 * C-f (Calendar mode): Calendar Unit Motion.
1595 * C-g <1>: Quitting. (line 26)
1596 * C-g: Minibuffer. (line 26)
1597 * C-g (isearch-mode): Incremental Search. (line 130)
1598 * C-h <1>: Help. (line 6)
1599 * C-h: Key Sequences. (line 29)
1600 * C-h A: Apropos. (line 6)
1601 * C-h b: Misc Help. (line 37)
1602 * C-h c: Key Help. (line 6)
1603 * C-h C-\: Select Input Method. (line 14)
1604 * C-h C-c: Misc Help. (line 51)
1605 * C-h C-d: Misc Help. (line 51)
1606 * C-h C-f: Misc Help. (line 18)
1607 * C-h C-h: Help. (line 13)
1608 * C-h C-k: Misc Help. (line 18)
1609 * C-h C-w: Misc Help. (line 51)
1610 * C-h f: Documentation. (line 6)
1611 * C-h F: Misc Help. (line 51)
1612 * C-h f: Name Help. (line 6)
1613 * C-h h: Mule Intro. (line 59)
1614 * C-h I: Select Input Method. (line 14)
1615 * C-h i: Misc Help. (line 6)
1616 * C-h k: Key Help. (line 13)
1617 * C-h L: Language Environments.
1619 * C-h l: Misc Help. (line 27)
1620 * C-h m: Misc Help. (line 32)
1621 * C-h n: Misc Help. (line 51)
1622 * C-h p: Library Keywords. (line 6)
1623 * C-h s: Syntax Change. (line 48)
1624 * C-h t <1>: Misc Help. (line 51)
1625 * C-h t: Basic. (line 6)
1626 * C-h v <1>: Examining. (line 13)
1627 * C-h v <2>: Documentation. (line 6)
1628 * C-h v: Name Help. (line 49)
1629 * C-h w: Name Help. (line 44)
1630 * C-HOME: Moving Point. (line 15)
1631 * C-k: Killing. (line 73)
1632 * C-l <1>: Scrolling. (line 37)
1633 * C-l: Moving Point. (line 15)
1634 * C-l (query-replace): Query Replace. (line 27)
1635 * C-LEFT: Moving Point. (line 15)
1636 * C-M-@ <1>: Lists. (line 114)
1637 * C-M-@: Marking Objects. (line 28)
1638 * C-M-\ <1>: Multi-line Indent. (line 35)
1639 * C-M-\: Indentation Commands.
1641 * C-M-a: Defuns. (line 23)
1642 * C-M-a (Fortran mode): Fortran Motion. (line 11)
1643 * C-M-b: Lists. (line 67)
1644 * C-M-c: Recursive Edit. (line 13)
1645 * C-M-d: Lists. (line 96)
1646 * C-M-e: Defuns. (line 23)
1647 * C-M-e (Fortran mode): Fortran Motion. (line 11)
1648 * C-M-f: Lists. (line 67)
1649 * C-M-h <1>: Defuns. (line 23)
1650 * C-M-h: Marking Objects. (line 32)
1651 * C-M-h (Fortran mode): Fortran Motion. (line 11)
1652 * C-M-k <1>: Lists. (line 87)
1653 * C-M-k: Killing. (line 100)
1654 * C-M-n: Lists. (line 90)
1655 * C-M-o: Indentation Commands.
1657 * C-M-p: Lists. (line 90)
1658 * C-M-q: Multi-line Indent. (line 19)
1659 * C-M-q (Fortran mode): ForIndent Commands. (line 21)
1660 * C-M-t <1>: Lists. (line 108)
1661 * C-M-t: Transpose. (line 30)
1662 * C-M-u: Lists. (line 96)
1663 * C-M-v <1>: Other Window. (line 40)
1664 * C-M-v: Minibuffer Edit. (line 33)
1665 * C-M-w: Appending Kills. (line 33)
1666 * C-M-x <1>: External Lisp. (line 27)
1667 * C-M-x: Lisp Eval. (line 44)
1668 * C-n: Moving Point. (line 15)
1669 * C-n (Calendar mode): Calendar Unit Motion.
1671 * C-o: Blank Lines. (line 16)
1672 * C-p: Moving Point. (line 15)
1673 * C-p (Calendar mode): Calendar Unit Motion.
1675 * C-q: Inserting Text. (line 33)
1676 * C-q (isearch-mode): Incremental Search. (line 130)
1677 * C-r: Incremental Search. (line 19)
1678 * C-r (isearch-mode): Incremental Search. (line 130)
1679 * C-r (query-replace): Query Replace. (line 27)
1680 * C-RIGHT: Moving Point. (line 15)
1681 * C-s: Incremental Search. (line 19)
1682 * C-s (isearch-mode): Incremental Search. (line 130)
1683 * C-SPC: Setting Mark. (line 32)
1684 * C-SPC (Calendar mode): Mark and Region. (line 24)
1685 * C-t <1>: Transpose. (line 18)
1686 * C-t: Moving Point. (line 15)
1687 * C-u: Arguments. (line 28)
1688 * C-u - C-x ;: Comments. (line 58)
1689 * C-u C-@: Mark Ring. (line 6)
1690 * C-u C-SPC: Mark Ring. (line 6)
1691 * C-u C-x v v: Editing with VC. (line 107)
1692 * C-u TAB: Multi-line Indent. (line 27)
1693 * C-v <1>: Scrolling. (line 42)
1694 * C-v: Moving Point. (line 15)
1695 * C-v (Calendar mode): Scroll Calendar. (line 35)
1696 * C-w: Killing. (line 100)
1697 * C-w (isearch-mode): Incremental Search. (line 130)
1698 * C-w (query-replace): Query Replace. (line 27)
1699 * C-x: Key Sequences. (line 29)
1700 * C-x $: Selective Display. (line 6)
1701 * C-x (: Basic Kbd Macro. (line 6)
1702 * C-x ): Basic Kbd Macro. (line 6)
1703 * C-x .: Fill Prefix. (line 22)
1704 * C-x 0: Change Window. (line 23)
1705 * C-x 1: Change Window. (line 31)
1706 * C-x 2: Split Window. (line 21)
1707 * C-x 3: Split Window. (line 28)
1708 * C-x 4: Pop Up Window. (line 6)
1709 * C-x 4 .: Find Tag. (line 67)
1710 * C-x 4 b: Select Buffer. (line 16)
1711 * C-x 4 d: Dired Enter. (line 16)
1712 * C-x 4 f: Visiting. (line 108)
1713 * C-x 4 m: Sending Mail. (line 22)
1714 * C-x 5 b: Select Buffer. (line 16)
1715 * C-x 5 C-f: Visiting. (line 46)
1716 * C-x ;: Comments. (line 84)
1717 * C-x <: Horizontal Scrolling.
1719 * C-x < (Calendar mode): Scroll Calendar. (line 28)
1720 * C-x <RET> C: Coding Systems. (line 39)
1721 * C-x =: Position Info. (line 47)
1722 * C-x >: Horizontal Scrolling.
1724 * C-x > (Calendar mode): Scroll Calendar. (line 28)
1725 * C-x [: Pages. (line 28)
1726 * C-x [ (Calendar mode): Calendar Unit Motion.
1728 * C-x ]: Pages. (line 28)
1729 * C-x ] (Calendar mode): Calendar Unit Motion.
1731 * C-x ^: Change Window. (line 36)
1732 * C-x `: Compilation. (line 58)
1733 * C-x a g: Defining Abbrevs. (line 25)
1734 * C-x a i g: Defining Abbrevs. (line 44)
1735 * C-x a i l: Defining Abbrevs. (line 44)
1736 * C-x a l: Defining Abbrevs. (line 38)
1737 * C-x b: Select Buffer. (line 16)
1738 * C-x C-b: List Buffers. (line 9)
1739 * C-x C-c: Exiting. (line 64)
1740 * C-x C-d: ListDir. (line 17)
1741 * C-x C-e: Lisp Eval. (line 50)
1742 * C-x C-l: Case. (line 46)
1743 * C-x C-o <1>: Killing. (line 53)
1744 * C-x C-o: Blank Lines. (line 16)
1745 * C-x C-p <1>: Pages. (line 34)
1746 * C-x C-p: Marking Objects. (line 32)
1747 * C-x C-q: Misc Buffer. (line 15)
1748 * C-x C-q (version control): Editing with VC. (line 33)
1749 * C-x C-s: Saving. (line 26)
1750 * C-x C-t: Transpose. (line 30)
1751 * C-x C-u: Case. (line 46)
1752 * C-x C-v: Visiting. (line 96)
1753 * C-x C-w: Saving. (line 73)
1754 * C-x C-x: Setting Mark. (line 42)
1755 * C-x C-x (Calendar mode): Mark and Region. (line 24)
1756 * C-x d: Dired Enter. (line 6)
1757 * C-x DEL <1>: Sentences. (line 37)
1758 * C-x DEL <2>: Kill Errors. (line 19)
1759 * C-x DEL: Killing. (line 100)
1760 * C-x e: Basic Kbd Macro. (line 6)
1761 * C-x ESC ESC: Repetition. (line 27)
1762 * C-x f: Fill Commands. (line 53)
1763 * C-x h: Marking Objects. (line 32)
1764 * C-x k: Kill Buffer. (line 16)
1765 * C-x l: Pages. (line 46)
1766 * C-x m: Sending Mail. (line 22)
1767 * C-x n n: Narrowing. (line 28)
1768 * C-x n w: Narrowing. (line 39)
1769 * C-x o: Other Window. (line 20)
1770 * C-x q: Kbd Macro Query. (line 6)
1771 * C-x r +: RegNumbers. (line 14)
1772 * C-x r b: Bookmarks. (line 30)
1773 * C-x r g: RegText. (line 21)
1774 * C-x r i: RegText. (line 21)
1775 * C-x r j: RegPos. (line 20)
1776 * C-x r l: Bookmarks. (line 37)
1777 * C-x r m: Bookmarks. (line 30)
1778 * C-x r n: RegNumbers. (line 11)
1779 * C-x r r: RegRect. (line 11)
1780 * C-x r s: RegText. (line 21)
1781 * C-x r SPC: RegPos. (line 16)
1782 * C-x r w: RegConfig. (line 6)
1783 * C-x RET: Mule Intro. (line 68)
1784 * C-x RET c: Specify Coding. (line 34)
1785 * C-x RET C-\: Select Input Method. (line 20)
1786 * C-x RET f: Specify Coding. (line 27)
1787 * C-x RET k: Specify Coding. (line 73)
1788 * C-x RET p: Specify Coding. (line 91)
1789 * C-x RET t: Specify Coding. (line 62)
1790 * C-x s: Saving. (line 39)
1791 * C-x TAB: Indentation Commands.
1793 * C-x u: Undo. (line 20)
1794 * C-x v =: Old Versions. (line 22)
1795 * C-x v a: Change Logs and VC. (line 11)
1796 * C-x v c: Editing with VC. (line 76)
1797 * C-x v d: VC Status. (line 11)
1798 * C-x v h: Version Headers. (line 11)
1799 * C-x v i: Editing with VC. (line 92)
1800 * C-x v l: VC Status. (line 6)
1801 * C-x v r: Making Snapshots. (line 14)
1802 * C-x v s: Making Snapshots. (line 9)
1803 * C-x v u: Editing with VC. (line 66)
1804 * C-x v ~: Old Versions. (line 17)
1805 * C-x }: Change Window. (line 36)
1806 * C-y: Kill Ring. (line 6)
1807 * C-y (isearch-mode): Incremental Search. (line 130)
1808 * C-z: Exiting. (line 39)
1809 * control key: Intro to Keystrokes. (line 16)
1810 * d (Calendar mode): Diary Commands. (line 35)
1811 * DEL <1>: Program Modes. (line 50)
1812 * DEL <2>: Major Modes. (line 6)
1813 * DEL <3>: Kill Errors. (line 15)
1814 * DEL: Killing. (line 6)
1815 * DEL (isearch-mode): Incremental Search. (line 130)
1816 * DEL (query-replace): Query Replace. (line 27)
1817 * DOWN: Moving Point. (line 6)
1818 * END: Moving Point. (line 15)
1819 * ESC <1>: Meta Key. (line 6)
1820 * ESC: Key Sequences. (line 29)
1821 * ESC (query-replace): Query Replace. (line 27)
1822 * F1: Help. (line 6)
1823 * g CHAR (Calendar mode): From Other Calendar. (line 10)
1824 * g d (Calendar mode): Specified Dates. (line 18)
1825 * g m l (Calendar mode): Mayan Calendar. (line 42)
1826 * h (Calendar mode): Holidays. (line 33)
1827 * Help: Help. (line 6)
1828 * HOME: Moving Point. (line 15)
1829 * hyper key <1>: Super and Hyper Keys.
1831 * hyper key <2>: Representing Keystrokes.
1833 * hyper key: Intro to Keystrokes. (line 16)
1834 * i a (Calendar mode): Special Diary Entries.
1836 * i b (Calendar mode): Special Diary Entries.
1838 * i c (Calendar mode): Special Diary Entries.
1840 * i d (Calendar mode): Adding to Diary. (line 24)
1841 * i m (Calendar mode): Adding to Diary. (line 29)
1842 * i w (Calendar mode): Adding to Diary. (line 29)
1843 * i y (Calendar mode): Adding to Diary. (line 29)
1844 * LEFT: Moving Point. (line 6)
1845 * LFD <1>: Basic Indent. (line 26)
1846 * LFD <2>: Major Modes. (line 6)
1847 * LFD: String Key Sequences.
1849 * LFD (TeX mode): TeX Editing. (line 55)
1850 * m (Calendar mode): Diary Commands. (line 47)
1851 * M (Calendar mode): Lunar Phases. (line 19)
1852 * M-!: Single Shell. (line 6)
1853 * M-$: Spelling. (line 18)
1854 * M-%: Query Replace. (line 13)
1855 * M-': Expanding Abbrevs. (line 32)
1856 * M-(: Balanced Editing. (line 13)
1857 * M-): Balanced Editing. (line 13)
1858 * M-,: Tags Search. (line 28)
1859 * M--: Arguments. (line 16)
1860 * M-- M-c: Fixing Case. (line 16)
1861 * M-- M-l: Fixing Case. (line 16)
1862 * M-- M-u: Fixing Case. (line 16)
1863 * M-.: Find Tag. (line 19)
1864 * M-/: Dynamic Abbrevs. (line 12)
1865 * M-1: Arguments. (line 16)
1866 * M-:: Lisp Eval. (line 38)
1867 * M-;: Comments. (line 6)
1868 * M-<: Moving Point. (line 15)
1869 * M-< (Calendar mode): Move to Beginning or End.
1871 * M-=: Position Info. (line 31)
1872 * M-= (Calendar mode): Mark and Region. (line 31)
1873 * M->: Moving Point. (line 15)
1874 * M-> (Calendar mode): Move to Beginning or End.
1876 * M-?: Nroff Mode. (line 14)
1877 * M-@ <1>: Words. (line 61)
1878 * M-@: Marking Objects. (line 28)
1879 * M-\ <1>: Indentation Commands.
1881 * M-\: Killing. (line 53)
1882 * M-^ <1>: Indentation Commands.
1884 * M-^: Killing. (line 53)
1885 * M-a: Sentences. (line 22)
1886 * M-a (Calendar mode): Move to Beginning or End.
1888 * M-b: Words. (line 32)
1889 * M-c: Case. (line 24)
1890 * M-C-r: Regexp Search. (line 28)
1891 * M-C-s: Regexp Search. (line 28)
1892 * M-d <1>: Words. (line 41)
1893 * M-d: Killing. (line 100)
1894 * M-DEL <1>: Words. (line 50)
1895 * M-DEL <2>: Kill Errors. (line 19)
1896 * M-DEL: Killing. (line 100)
1897 * M-e: Sentences. (line 22)
1898 * M-e (Calendar mode): Move to Beginning or End.
1900 * M-f: Words. (line 32)
1901 * M-g: Fill Commands. (line 27)
1902 * M-h <1>: Paragraphs. (line 31)
1903 * M-h: Marking Objects. (line 32)
1904 * M-i: Tab Stops. (line 6)
1905 * M-k <1>: Sentences. (line 37)
1906 * M-k: Killing. (line 100)
1907 * M-l: Case. (line 24)
1908 * M-LFD: Comments. (line 72)
1909 * M-LFD (Fortran mode): ForIndent Commands. (line 25)
1910 * M-m: Indentation Commands.
1912 * M-n <1>: Nroff Mode. (line 14)
1913 * M-n: Repetition. (line 45)
1914 * M-n (isearch-mode): Incremental Search. (line 130)
1915 * M-n (minibuffer history): Minibuffer History. (line 30)
1916 * M-n (Shell mode): Shell Mode. (line 12)
1917 * M-p <1>: Nroff Mode. (line 14)
1918 * M-p: Repetition. (line 45)
1919 * M-p (isearch-mode): Incremental Search. (line 130)
1920 * M-p (minibuffer history): Minibuffer History. (line 30)
1921 * M-p (Shell mode): Shell Mode. (line 12)
1922 * M-q: Fill Commands. (line 21)
1923 * M-r: Moving Point. (line 15)
1924 * M-r (minibuffer history): Minibuffer History. (line 48)
1925 * M-s: Fill Commands. (line 44)
1926 * M-s (minibuffer history): Minibuffer History. (line 48)
1927 * M-SPC: Killing. (line 53)
1928 * M-t <1>: Words. (line 55)
1929 * M-t: Transpose. (line 30)
1930 * M-TAB <1>: Tabs in Picture. (line 6)
1931 * M-TAB: Lisp Completion. (line 9)
1932 * M-TAB (customization buffer): Changing an Option. (line 52)
1933 * M-TAB (isearch-mode): Incremental Search. (line 130)
1934 * M-u: Case. (line 24)
1935 * M-v <1>: Scrolling. (line 42)
1936 * M-v: Moving Point. (line 15)
1937 * M-v (Calendar mode): Scroll Calendar. (line 35)
1938 * M-w: Kill Ring. (line 30)
1939 * M-x: M-x. (line 18)
1940 * M-y: Earlier Kills. (line 6)
1941 * M-z: Killing. (line 129)
1942 * M-{: Paragraphs. (line 6)
1943 * M-{ (Calendar mode): Calendar Unit Motion.
1945 * M-|: Single Shell. (line 15)
1946 * M-}: Paragraphs. (line 6)
1947 * M-} (Calendar mode): Calendar Unit Motion.
1949 * M-~: Saving. (line 45)
1950 * META: Meta Key. (line 6)
1951 * meta key: Intro to Keystrokes. (line 16)
1952 * next: Scrolling. (line 42)
1953 * o (Calendar mode): Specified Dates. (line 23)
1954 * p (Calendar mode): To Other Calendar. (line 11)
1955 * p d (Calendar mode): General Calendar. (line 21)
1956 * pgdn: Scrolling. (line 42)
1957 * PGDN: Moving Point. (line 15)
1958 * pgup: Scrolling. (line 42)
1959 * PGUP: Moving Point. (line 15)
1960 * prior: Scrolling. (line 42)
1961 * q (Calendar mode): General Calendar. (line 41)
1962 * RET: Inserting Text. (line 19)
1963 * RET (isearch-mode): Incremental Search. (line 130)
1964 * RET (Shell mode): Shell Mode. (line 12)
1965 * RIGHT: Moving Point. (line 6)
1966 * s (Calendar mode): Diary Commands. (line 55)
1967 * S (Calendar mode): Sunrise/Sunset. (line 22)
1968 * S-TAB (customization buffer): Changing an Option. (line 90)
1969 * shift key: Intro to Keystrokes. (line 16)
1970 * SPC: Completion Commands. (line 34)
1971 * SPC (Calendar mode): General Calendar. (line 29)
1972 * SPC (query-replace): Query Replace. (line 27)
1973 * super key <1>: Super and Hyper Keys.
1975 * super key <2>: Representing Keystrokes.
1977 * super key: Intro to Keystrokes. (line 16)
1978 * t (Calendar mode): LaTeX Calendar. (line 10)
1979 * TAB <1>: Basic Indent. (line 12)
1980 * TAB <2>: Text Mode. (line 6)
1981 * TAB <3>: Indentation. (line 39)
1982 * TAB <4>: Major Modes. (line 6)
1983 * TAB <5>: Completion Example. (line 6)
1984 * TAB: String Key Sequences.
1986 * TAB (customization buffer): Changing an Option. (line 90)
1987 * TAB (Shell mode): Shell Mode. (line 12)
1988 * u (Calendar mode) <1>: Diary Commands. (line 47)
1989 * u (Calendar mode): Holidays. (line 40)
1990 * UP: Moving Point. (line 6)
1991 * x (Calendar mode): Holidays. (line 40)
1994 File: xemacs.info, Node: Command Index, Next: Variable Index, Prev: Key Index, Up: Top
1996 Command and Function Index
1997 **************************
2002 * abbrev-mode <1>: Minor Modes. (line 31)
2003 * abbrev-mode: Abbrevs. (line 12)
2004 * abbrev-prefix-mark: Expanding Abbrevs. (line 32)
2005 * abort-recursive-edit <1>: Quitting. (line 44)
2006 * abort-recursive-edit: Recursive Edit. (line 18)
2007 * add-change-log-entry: Change Log. (line 6)
2008 * add-global-abbrev: Defining Abbrevs. (line 25)
2009 * add-hook: Mode Hooks. (line 6)
2010 * add-menu: Menu Customization. (line 30)
2011 * add-menu-item: Menu Customization. (line 53)
2012 * add-mode-abbrev: Defining Abbrevs. (line 38)
2013 * add-name-to-file: Misc File Ops. (line 9)
2014 * american-calendar: Date Formats. (line 39)
2015 * append-next-kill: Appending Kills. (line 33)
2016 * append-to-buffer: Accumulating Text. (line 6)
2017 * append-to-file <1>: Misc File Ops. (line 13)
2018 * append-to-file: Accumulating Text. (line 6)
2019 * apropos: Apropos. (line 44)
2020 * apropos-documentation: Apropos. (line 49)
2021 * apropos-value: Apropos. (line 53)
2022 * ask-user-about-lock: Interlocking. (line 18)
2023 * auto-fill-mode <1>: Minor Modes. (line 22)
2024 * auto-fill-mode: Auto Fill. (line 17)
2025 * auto-save-mode: Auto Save Control. (line 6)
2026 * awk-mode: CC Mode. (line 6)
2027 * back-to-indentation: Indentation Commands.
2029 * backward-char: Moving Point. (line 15)
2030 * backward-delete-char-untabify: Program Modes. (line 50)
2031 * backward-kill-sentence <1>: Sentences. (line 37)
2032 * backward-kill-sentence <2>: Kill Errors. (line 19)
2033 * backward-kill-sentence: Killing. (line 100)
2034 * backward-kill-word <1>: Words. (line 50)
2035 * backward-kill-word <2>: Kill Errors. (line 19)
2036 * backward-kill-word: Killing. (line 100)
2037 * backward-list: Lists. (line 90)
2038 * backward-or-forward-delete-char: Inserting Text. (line 55)
2039 * backward-page: Pages. (line 28)
2040 * backward-paragraph: Paragraphs. (line 6)
2041 * backward-sentence: Sentences. (line 22)
2042 * backward-sexp: Lists. (line 67)
2043 * backward-text-line: Nroff Mode. (line 14)
2044 * backward-up-list: Lists. (line 96)
2045 * backward-word: Words. (line 32)
2046 * batch-byte-compile: Compiling Libraries. (line 52)
2047 * beginning-of-buffer: Moving Point. (line 15)
2048 * beginning-of-defun: Defuns. (line 23)
2049 * beginning-of-fortran-subprogram: Fortran Motion. (line 11)
2050 * beginning-of-line: Moving Point. (line 15)
2051 * bookmark-delete: Bookmarks. (line 74)
2052 * bookmark-insert: Bookmarks. (line 81)
2053 * bookmark-insert-location: Bookmarks. (line 77)
2054 * bookmark-jump: Bookmarks. (line 22)
2055 * bookmark-load: Bookmarks. (line 65)
2056 * bookmark-save: Bookmarks. (line 28)
2057 * bookmark-set: Bookmarks. (line 19)
2058 * bookmark-write: Bookmarks. (line 71)
2059 * buffer-menu: Several Buffers. (line 14)
2060 * byte-compile-and-load-file: Compiling Libraries. (line 34)
2061 * byte-compile-buffer: Compiling Libraries. (line 34)
2062 * byte-compile-file: Compiling Libraries. (line 34)
2063 * byte-recompile-directory: Compiling Libraries. (line 44)
2064 * c++-mode: CC Mode. (line 6)
2065 * c-indent-line: Basic Indent. (line 12)
2066 * c-mode: CC Mode. (line 6)
2067 * calendar: Calendar/Diary. (line 6)
2068 * calendar-backward-day: Calendar Unit Motion.
2070 * calendar-backward-month: Calendar Unit Motion.
2072 * calendar-backward-week: Calendar Unit Motion.
2074 * calendar-beginning-of-month: Move to Beginning or End.
2076 * calendar-beginning-of-week: Move to Beginning or End.
2078 * calendar-beginning-of-year: Move to Beginning or End.
2080 * calendar-count-days-region: Mark and Region. (line 31)
2081 * calendar-cursor-holidays: Holidays. (line 33)
2082 * calendar-end-of-month: Move to Beginning or End.
2084 * calendar-end-of-week: Move to Beginning or End.
2086 * calendar-end-of-year: Move to Beginning or End.
2088 * calendar-exchange-point-and-mark: Mark and Region. (line 24)
2089 * calendar-forward-day: Calendar Unit Motion.
2091 * calendar-forward-month: Calendar Unit Motion.
2093 * calendar-forward-week: Calendar Unit Motion.
2095 * calendar-forward-year: Calendar Unit Motion.
2097 * calendar-goto-astro-day-number: From Other Calendar. (line 10)
2098 * calendar-goto-chinese-date: From Other Calendar. (line 10)
2099 * calendar-goto-coptic-date: From Other Calendar. (line 10)
2100 * calendar-goto-date: Specified Dates. (line 18)
2101 * calendar-goto-ethiopic-date: From Other Calendar. (line 10)
2102 * calendar-goto-french-date: From Other Calendar. (line 10)
2103 * calendar-goto-hebrew-date: From Other Calendar. (line 10)
2104 * calendar-goto-islamic-date: From Other Calendar. (line 10)
2105 * calendar-goto-iso-date: From Other Calendar. (line 10)
2106 * calendar-goto-julian-date: From Other Calendar. (line 10)
2107 * calendar-goto-mayan-long-count-date: Mayan Calendar. (line 42)
2108 * calendar-goto-persian-date: From Other Calendar. (line 10)
2109 * calendar-goto-today: Specified Dates. (line 26)
2110 * calendar-mark-today: Calendar Customizing.
2112 * calendar-next-calendar-round-date: Mayan Calendar. (line 64)
2113 * calendar-next-haab-date: Mayan Calendar. (line 56)
2114 * calendar-next-tzolkin-date: Mayan Calendar. (line 48)
2115 * calendar-other-month: Specified Dates. (line 23)
2116 * calendar-phases-of-moon: Lunar Phases. (line 19)
2117 * calendar-previous-haab-date: Mayan Calendar. (line 56)
2118 * calendar-previous-tzolkin-date: Mayan Calendar. (line 48)
2119 * calendar-print-astro-day-number: To Other Calendar. (line 19)
2120 * calendar-print-chinese-date: To Other Calendar. (line 35)
2121 * calendar-print-coptic-date: To Other Calendar. (line 39)
2122 * calendar-print-day-of-year: General Calendar. (line 21)
2123 * calendar-print-ethiopic-date: To Other Calendar. (line 43)
2124 * calendar-print-french-date: To Other Calendar. (line 31)
2125 * calendar-print-hebrew-date: To Other Calendar. (line 23)
2126 * calendar-print-islamic-date: To Other Calendar. (line 27)
2127 * calendar-print-iso-date: To Other Calendar. (line 11)
2128 * calendar-print-julian-date: To Other Calendar. (line 15)
2129 * calendar-print-mayan-date: To Other Calendar. (line 51)
2130 * calendar-print-persian-date: To Other Calendar. (line 47)
2131 * calendar-set-mark: Mark and Region. (line 24)
2132 * calendar-star-date: Calendar Customizing.
2134 * calendar-sunrise-sunset: Sunrise/Sunset. (line 22)
2135 * calendar-unmark <1>: Diary Commands. (line 47)
2136 * calendar-unmark: Holidays. (line 40)
2137 * call-last-kbd-macro: Basic Kbd Macro. (line 6)
2138 * cancel-debug-on-entry: Lisp Debug. (line 18)
2139 * capitalize-word <1>: Case. (line 24)
2140 * capitalize-word: Fixing Case. (line 16)
2141 * center-line: Fill Commands. (line 44)
2142 * choose-completion: Completion Commands. (line 60)
2143 * clear-rectangle: Rectangles. (line 68)
2144 * comint-delchar-or-maybe-eof: Shell Mode. (line 12)
2145 * comint-dynamic-complete: Shell Mode. (line 12)
2146 * comint-next-input: Shell Mode. (line 12)
2147 * comint-previous-input: Shell Mode. (line 12)
2148 * command-apropos: Apropos. (line 6)
2149 * compare-windows <1>: Other Window. (line 45)
2150 * compare-windows: Comparing Files. (line 22)
2151 * compile: Compilation. (line 29)
2152 * compile-defun: Defuns. (line 34)
2153 * convert-mocklisp-buffer: Mocklisp. (line 6)
2154 * conx: CONX. (line 28)
2155 * conx-buffer: CONX. (line 28)
2156 * conx-init: CONX. (line 28)
2157 * conx-load: CONX. (line 28)
2158 * conx-region: CONX. (line 28)
2159 * conx-save: CONX. (line 28)
2160 * copy-file: Misc File Ops. (line 16)
2161 * copy-last-shell-input: Shell Mode. (line 12)
2162 * copy-rectangle-to-register: RegRect. (line 11)
2163 * copy-region-as-kill: Kill Ring. (line 30)
2164 * copy-to-buffer: Accumulating Text. (line 6)
2165 * copy-to-register: RegText. (line 21)
2166 * count-lines-page: Pages. (line 46)
2167 * count-lines-region: Position Info. (line 31)
2168 * count-matches: Other Repeating Search.
2170 * count-text-lines: Nroff Mode. (line 14)
2171 * customize: Easy Customization. (line 6)
2172 * customize-apropos: Specific Customization.
2174 * customize-browse: Customization Groups.
2176 * customize-customized: Specific Customization.
2178 * customize-face: Specific Customization.
2180 * customize-group: Specific Customization.
2182 * customize-option: Specific Customization.
2184 * customize-saved: Specific Customization.
2186 * dabbrev-expand: Dynamic Abbrevs. (line 12)
2187 * debug: Lisp Debug. (line 18)
2188 * debug-on-entry: Lisp Debug. (line 18)
2189 * default-value: Locals. (line 68)
2190 * define-abbrevs: Saving Abbrevs. (line 42)
2191 * define-key <1>: Programmatic Rebinding.
2193 * define-key: Interactive Rebinding.
2195 * delete-backward-char <1>: Kill Errors. (line 15)
2196 * delete-backward-char: Killing. (line 6)
2197 * delete-blank-lines <1>: Killing. (line 53)
2198 * delete-blank-lines: Blank Lines. (line 16)
2199 * delete-char <1>: Basic Picture. (line 41)
2200 * delete-char: Killing. (line 6)
2201 * delete-file: Misc File Ops. (line 21)
2202 * delete-horizontal-space <1>: Indentation Commands.
2204 * delete-horizontal-space: Killing. (line 53)
2205 * delete-indentation <1>: Indentation Commands.
2207 * delete-indentation: Killing. (line 53)
2208 * delete-matching-lines: Other Repeating Search.
2210 * delete-menu-item: Menu Customization. (line 90)
2211 * delete-non-matching-lines: Other Repeating Search.
2213 * delete-other-windows: Change Window. (line 31)
2214 * delete-rectangle: Rectangles. (line 42)
2215 * delete-window: Change Window. (line 23)
2216 * describe-bindings: Misc Help. (line 37)
2217 * describe-calendar-mode: General Calendar. (line 26)
2218 * describe-coding-system: Coding Systems. (line 39)
2219 * describe-copying: Misc Help. (line 51)
2220 * describe-distribution: Misc Help. (line 51)
2221 * describe-function <1>: Documentation. (line 6)
2222 * describe-function: Name Help. (line 6)
2223 * describe-input-method: Select Input Method. (line 14)
2224 * describe-key: Key Help. (line 13)
2225 * describe-key-briefly: Key Help. (line 6)
2226 * describe-language-environment: Language Environments.
2228 * describe-mode: Misc Help. (line 32)
2229 * describe-no-warranty: Misc Help. (line 51)
2230 * describe-syntax: Syntax Change. (line 48)
2231 * describe-variable <1>: Examining. (line 13)
2232 * describe-variable <2>: Documentation. (line 6)
2233 * describe-variable: Name Help. (line 49)
2234 * diary: Diary Commands. (line 67)
2235 * diary-anniversary <1>: Sexp Diary Entries. (line 13)
2236 * diary-anniversary: Special Diary Entries.
2238 * diary-astro-day-number: Sexp Diary Entries. (line 69)
2239 * diary-block: Special Diary Entries.
2241 * diary-cyclic <1>: Sexp Diary Entries. (line 32)
2242 * diary-cyclic: Special Diary Entries.
2244 * diary-day-of-year: Sexp Diary Entries. (line 69)
2245 * diary-float: Special Diary Entries.
2247 * diary-french-date: Sexp Diary Entries. (line 69)
2248 * diary-hebrew-date: Sexp Diary Entries. (line 69)
2249 * diary-islamic-date: Sexp Diary Entries. (line 69)
2250 * diary-iso-date: Sexp Diary Entries. (line 69)
2251 * diary-julian-date: Sexp Diary Entries. (line 69)
2252 * diary-mail-entries: Diary Commands. (line 77)
2253 * diary-mayan-date: Sexp Diary Entries. (line 69)
2254 * diary-omer: Sexp Diary Entries. (line 119)
2255 * diary-parasha: Sexp Diary Entries. (line 119)
2256 * diary-phases-of-moon: Sexp Diary Entries. (line 69)
2257 * diary-rosh-hodesh: Sexp Diary Entries. (line 119)
2258 * diary-sabbath-candles: Sexp Diary Entries. (line 119)
2259 * diary-sunrise-sunset: Sexp Diary Entries. (line 69)
2260 * diary-yahrzeit: Sexp Diary Entries. (line 119)
2261 * diff: Comparing Files. (line 6)
2262 * diff-backup: Comparing Files. (line 18)
2263 * digit-argument: Arguments. (line 16)
2264 * dired: Dired Enter. (line 6)
2265 * dired-other-window <1>: Pop Up Window. (line 11)
2266 * dired-other-window: Dired Enter. (line 16)
2267 * disable-command: Disabling. (line 25)
2268 * disable-menu-item: Menu Customization. (line 98)
2269 * disassemble: Compiling Libraries. (line 64)
2270 * display-time: Mode Line. (line 70)
2271 * dissociated-press: Dissociated Press. (line 6)
2272 * do-auto-save: Auto Save Control. (line 15)
2273 * doctor: Total Frustration. (line 13)
2274 * down-list: Lists. (line 96)
2275 * downcase-region: Case. (line 46)
2276 * downcase-word <1>: Case. (line 24)
2277 * downcase-word: Fixing Case. (line 16)
2278 * edit-abbrevs: Editing Abbrevs. (line 34)
2279 * edit-abbrevs-redefine: Editing Abbrevs. (line 34)
2280 * edit-options: Edit Options. (line 30)
2281 * edit-picture: Picture. (line 6)
2282 * edit-tab-stops <1>: Text Mode. (line 6)
2283 * edit-tab-stops: Tab Stops. (line 11)
2284 * edit-tab-stops-note-changes: Tab Stops. (line 11)
2285 * edt-emulation-off: Emulation. (line 29)
2286 * edt-emulation-on: Emulation. (line 29)
2287 * electric-nroff-mode: Nroff Mode. (line 25)
2288 * emacs-lisp-mode: Lisp Eval. (line 6)
2289 * emacs-version: Bugs. (line 63)
2290 * enable-command: Disabling. (line 25)
2291 * enable-menu-item: Menu Customization. (line 98)
2292 * end-kbd-macro: Basic Kbd Macro. (line 6)
2293 * end-of-buffer: Moving Point. (line 15)
2294 * end-of-defun: Defuns. (line 23)
2295 * end-of-fortran-subprogram: Fortran Motion. (line 11)
2296 * end-of-line: Moving Point. (line 15)
2297 * enlarge-window: Change Window. (line 36)
2298 * enlarge-window-horizontally: Change Window. (line 36)
2299 * european-calendar: Date Formats. (line 39)
2300 * eval-current-buffer: Lisp Eval. (line 60)
2301 * eval-defun: Lisp Eval. (line 44)
2302 * eval-expression: Lisp Eval. (line 38)
2303 * eval-last-sexp: Lisp Eval. (line 50)
2304 * eval-region: Lisp Eval. (line 60)
2305 * exchange-point-and-mark: Setting Mark. (line 42)
2306 * execute-extended-command: M-x. (line 152)
2307 * exit-calendar: General Calendar. (line 41)
2308 * exit-recursive-edit: Recursive Edit. (line 13)
2309 * expand-abbrev: Expanding Abbrevs. (line 23)
2310 * expand-region-abbrevs: Expanding Abbrevs. (line 54)
2311 * fancy-diary-display: Fancy Diary Display. (line 11)
2312 * fill-individual-paragraphs: Fill Prefix. (line 45)
2313 * fill-paragraph: Fill Commands. (line 21)
2314 * fill-region: Fill Commands. (line 27)
2315 * fill-region-as-paragraph: Fill Commands. (line 30)
2316 * find-alternate-file: Visiting. (line 96)
2317 * find-file: Visiting. (line 46)
2318 * find-file-other-frame <1>: Visiting. (line 46)
2319 * find-file-other-frame: XEmacs under X. (line 22)
2320 * find-file-other-window <1>: Pop Up Window. (line 11)
2321 * find-file-other-window: Visiting. (line 108)
2322 * find-tag: Find Tag. (line 19)
2323 * find-tag-other-window <1>: Find Tag. (line 67)
2324 * find-tag-other-window: Pop Up Window. (line 11)
2325 * find-this-file: Visiting. (line 67)
2326 * find-this-file-other-window: Visiting. (line 119)
2327 * finder-by-keyword: Library Keywords. (line 6)
2328 * fortran-column-ruler: Fortran Columns. (line 15)
2329 * fortran-comment-region: Fortran Comments. (line 71)
2330 * fortran-indent-line: ForIndent Commands. (line 16)
2331 * fortran-indent-subprogram: ForIndent Commands. (line 21)
2332 * fortran-mode: Fortran. (line 16)
2333 * fortran-next-statement: Fortran Motion. (line 11)
2334 * fortran-previous-statement: Fortran Motion. (line 11)
2335 * fortran-split-line: ForIndent Commands. (line 25)
2336 * fortran-window-create: Fortran Columns. (line 30)
2337 * forward-char: Moving Point. (line 15)
2338 * forward-list: Lists. (line 90)
2339 * forward-page: Pages. (line 28)
2340 * forward-paragraph: Paragraphs. (line 6)
2341 * forward-sentence: Sentences. (line 22)
2342 * forward-sexp: Lists. (line 67)
2343 * forward-text-line: Nroff Mode. (line 14)
2344 * forward-word: Words. (line 32)
2345 * frame-configuration-to-register: RegConfig. (line 6)
2346 * global-set-key <1>: Programmatic Rebinding.
2348 * global-set-key: Interactive Rebinding.
2350 * goto-char: Moving Point. (line 15)
2351 * goto-line: Moving Point. (line 15)
2352 * hanoi: Amusements. (line 6)
2353 * help-command: Help. (line 6)
2354 * help-for-help: Help. (line 13)
2355 * help-with-tutorial <1>: Misc Help. (line 51)
2356 * help-with-tutorial: Basic. (line 6)
2357 * hide-body: Outline Visibility. (line 66)
2358 * hide-entry: Outline Visibility. (line 43)
2359 * hide-leaves: Outline Visibility. (line 56)
2360 * hide-subtree: Outline Visibility. (line 48)
2361 * holidays: Holidays. (line 53)
2362 * idl-mode: CC Mode. (line 6)
2363 * include-other-diary-files: Included Diary Files.
2365 * increment-register: RegNumbers. (line 14)
2366 * indent-c-exp: Multi-line Indent. (line 19)
2367 * indent-for-comment: Comments. (line 6)
2368 * indent-new-comment-line: Comments. (line 72)
2369 * indent-region <1>: Multi-line Indent. (line 35)
2370 * indent-region: Indentation Commands.
2372 * indent-relative: Indentation Commands.
2374 * indent-rigidly: Indentation Commands.
2376 * indent-sexp: Multi-line Indent. (line 19)
2377 * indented-text-mode: Text Mode. (line 15)
2378 * info: Misc Help. (line 6)
2379 * Info-elisp-ref: Misc Help. (line 18)
2380 * Info-goto-emacs-command-node: Misc Help. (line 18)
2381 * Info-goto-emacs-key-command-node: Misc Help. (line 18)
2382 * insert-abbrevs: Saving Abbrevs. (line 42)
2383 * insert-anniversary-diary-entry: Special Diary Entries.
2385 * insert-block-diary-entry: Special Diary Entries.
2387 * insert-cyclic-diary-entry: Special Diary Entries.
2389 * insert-diary-entry: Adding to Diary. (line 24)
2390 * insert-file: Misc File Ops. (line 25)
2391 * insert-hebrew-diary-entry: Hebrew/Islamic Entries.
2393 * insert-islamic-diary-entry: Hebrew/Islamic Entries.
2395 * insert-kbd-macro: Save Kbd Macro. (line 15)
2396 * insert-monthly-diary-entry: Adding to Diary. (line 29)
2397 * insert-monthly-hebrew-diary-entry: Hebrew/Islamic Entries.
2399 * insert-monthly-islamic-diary-entry: Hebrew/Islamic Entries.
2401 * insert-parentheses: Balanced Editing. (line 13)
2402 * insert-register: RegText. (line 21)
2403 * insert-weekly-diary-entry: Adding to Diary. (line 29)
2404 * insert-yearly-diary-entry: Adding to Diary. (line 29)
2405 * insert-yearly-hebrew-diary-entry: Hebrew/Islamic Entries.
2407 * insert-yearly-islamic-diary-entry: Hebrew/Islamic Entries.
2409 * interactive: M-x. (line 49)
2410 * interrupt-shell-subjob: Shell Mode. (line 12)
2411 * inverse-add-global-abbrev: Defining Abbrevs. (line 44)
2412 * inverse-add-mode-abbrev: Defining Abbrevs. (line 44)
2413 * invert-face: Faces. (line 70)
2414 * isearch-abort: Incremental Search. (line 130)
2415 * isearch-backward: Incremental Search. (line 19)
2416 * isearch-backward-regexp: Regexp Search. (line 28)
2417 * isearch-complete: Incremental Search. (line 130)
2418 * isearch-delete-char: Incremental Search. (line 130)
2419 * isearch-exit: Incremental Search. (line 130)
2420 * isearch-forward: Incremental Search. (line 19)
2421 * isearch-forward-regexp: Regexp Search. (line 28)
2422 * isearch-quote-char: Incremental Search. (line 130)
2423 * isearch-repeat-backward: Incremental Search. (line 130)
2424 * isearch-repeat-forward: Incremental Search. (line 130)
2425 * isearch-ring-advance: Incremental Search. (line 130)
2426 * isearch-ring-retreat: Incremental Search. (line 130)
2427 * isearch-yank-line: Incremental Search. (line 130)
2428 * isearch-yank-word: Incremental Search. (line 130)
2429 * java-mode: CC Mode. (line 6)
2430 * jump-to-register <1>: Split Window. (line 46)
2431 * jump-to-register: RegPos. (line 20)
2432 * just-one-space: Killing. (line 53)
2433 * kbd-macro-query: Kbd Macro Query. (line 6)
2434 * kill-all-abbrevs: Defining Abbrevs. (line 58)
2435 * kill-buffer: Kill Buffer. (line 16)
2436 * kill-comment: Comments. (line 58)
2437 * kill-compilation: Compilation. (line 51)
2438 * kill-line: Killing. (line 73)
2439 * kill-local-variable: Locals. (line 50)
2440 * kill-output-from-shell: Shell Mode. (line 12)
2441 * kill-rectangle: Rectangles. (line 42)
2442 * kill-region: Killing. (line 100)
2443 * kill-sentence <1>: Sentences. (line 37)
2444 * kill-sentence: Killing. (line 100)
2445 * kill-sexp <1>: Lists. (line 87)
2446 * kill-sexp: Killing. (line 100)
2447 * kill-some-buffers: Kill Buffer. (line 16)
2448 * kill-word <1>: Words. (line 41)
2449 * kill-word: Killing. (line 100)
2450 * latex-mode: TeX Mode. (line 6)
2451 * LaTeX-mode: TeX Mode. (line 6)
2452 * lisp-complete-symbol: Lisp Completion. (line 9)
2453 * lisp-indent-line: Basic Indent. (line 12)
2454 * lisp-interaction-mode: Lisp Interaction. (line 22)
2455 * lisp-mode: External Lisp. (line 22)
2456 * lisp-send-defun: External Lisp. (line 27)
2457 * list-abbrevs: Editing Abbrevs. (line 12)
2458 * list-bookmarks: Bookmarks. (line 25)
2459 * list-buffers: List Buffers. (line 9)
2460 * list-calendar-holidays: Holidays. (line 48)
2461 * list-coding-systems: Coding Systems. (line 46)
2462 * list-command-history: Repetition. (line 12)
2463 * list-directory: ListDir. (line 17)
2464 * list-hebrew-diary-entries: Hebrew/Islamic Entries.
2466 * list-holidays: Holidays. (line 63)
2467 * list-input-methods: Select Input Method. (line 47)
2468 * list-islamic-diary-entries: Hebrew/Islamic Entries.
2470 * list-matching-lines: Other Repeating Search.
2472 * list-options: Edit Options. (line 13)
2473 * list-tags: List Tags. (line 12)
2474 * list-yahrzeit-dates: From Other Calendar. (line 57)
2475 * load: Loading. (line 21)
2476 * load-default-sounds: Audible Bell. (line 6)
2477 * load-file: Loading. (line 15)
2478 * load-library <1>: Loading. (line 21)
2479 * load-library: Startup Paths. (line 124)
2480 * load-sound-file: Audible Bell. (line 59)
2481 * local-set-key: Interactive Rebinding.
2483 * local-unset-key: Interactive Rebinding.
2485 * locate-library: Loading. (line 57)
2486 * lpr-buffer: Hardcopy. (line 24)
2487 * lpr-region: Hardcopy. (line 24)
2488 * mail: Sending Mail. (line 22)
2489 * mail-cc: Mail Mode. (line 54)
2490 * mail-fill-yanked-message: Mail Mode. (line 78)
2491 * mail-interactive-insert-alias: Mail Headers. (line 99)
2492 * mail-other-window <1>: Sending Mail. (line 22)
2493 * mail-other-window: Pop Up Window. (line 11)
2494 * mail-send: Mail Mode. (line 45)
2495 * mail-send-and-exit: Mail Mode. (line 45)
2496 * mail-signature: Mail Mode. (line 63)
2497 * mail-subject: Mail Mode. (line 54)
2498 * mail-to: Mail Mode. (line 54)
2499 * mail-yank-original: Mail Mode. (line 67)
2500 * make-directory: File Names. (line 51)
2501 * make-face-bold: Faces. (line 77)
2502 * make-face-bold-italic: Faces. (line 77)
2503 * make-face-italic: Faces. (line 77)
2504 * make-face-larger: Faces. (line 70)
2505 * make-face-smaller: Faces. (line 70)
2506 * make-face-unbold: Faces. (line 77)
2507 * make-face-unitalic: Faces. (line 77)
2508 * make-frame: XEmacs under X. (line 16)
2509 * make-local-variable: Locals. (line 26)
2510 * make-obsolete: Compiling Libraries. (line 28)
2511 * make-symbolic-link: Misc File Ops. (line 29)
2512 * make-variable-buffer-local: Locals. (line 31)
2513 * manual-entry: Documentation. (line 17)
2514 * mark-beginning-of-buffer: Setting Mark. (line 50)
2515 * mark-calendar-holidays: Holidays. (line 40)
2516 * mark-defun <1>: Defuns. (line 23)
2517 * mark-defun: Marking Objects. (line 32)
2518 * mark-diary-entries: Diary Commands. (line 47)
2519 * mark-end-of-buffer: Setting Mark. (line 50)
2520 * mark-fortran-subprogram: Fortran Motion. (line 11)
2521 * mark-hebrew-diary-entries: Hebrew/Islamic Entries.
2523 * mark-included-diary-files: Included Diary Files.
2525 * mark-islamic-diary-entries: Hebrew/Islamic Entries.
2527 * mark-page <1>: Pages. (line 34)
2528 * mark-page: Marking Objects. (line 32)
2529 * mark-paragraph <1>: Paragraphs. (line 31)
2530 * mark-paragraph: Marking Objects. (line 32)
2531 * mark-sexp <1>: Lists. (line 114)
2532 * mark-sexp: Marking Objects. (line 28)
2533 * mark-whole-buffer: Marking Objects. (line 32)
2534 * mark-word <1>: Words. (line 61)
2535 * mark-word: Marking Objects. (line 28)
2536 * minibuffer-complete: Completion Example. (line 6)
2537 * minibuffer-complete-word: Completion Commands. (line 34)
2538 * modify-syntax-entry: Syntax Change. (line 12)
2539 * mouse-choose-completion: Completion Commands. (line 45)
2540 * mouse-del-char: Additional Mouse Operations.
2542 * mouse-delete-window: Additional Mouse Operations.
2544 * mouse-keep-one-window: Additional Mouse Operations.
2546 * mouse-kill-line: Additional Mouse Operations.
2548 * mouse-line-length: Additional Mouse Operations.
2550 * mouse-scroll: Additional Mouse Operations.
2552 * mouse-select: Additional Mouse Operations.
2554 * mouse-select-and-split: Additional Mouse Operations.
2556 * mouse-set-mark: Additional Mouse Operations.
2558 * mouse-set-point: Additional Mouse Operations.
2560 * mouse-track: Additional Mouse Operations.
2562 * mouse-track-adjust: Additional Mouse Operations.
2564 * mouse-track-and-copy-to-cutbuffer: Additional Mouse Operations.
2566 * mouse-track-delete-and-insert: Additional Mouse Operations.
2568 * move-over-close-and-reindent: Balanced Editing. (line 13)
2569 * move-to-window-line: Moving Point. (line 15)
2570 * name-last-kbd-macro: Save Kbd Macro. (line 6)
2571 * narrow-to-region: Narrowing. (line 28)
2572 * negative-argument: Arguments. (line 16)
2573 * newline: Inserting Text. (line 55)
2574 * newline-and-indent: Basic Indent. (line 26)
2575 * next-complex-command: Repetition. (line 45)
2576 * next-error: Compilation. (line 58)
2577 * next-history-element: Minibuffer History. (line 30)
2578 * next-line: Moving Point. (line 15)
2579 * next-list-mode-item: Completion Commands. (line 66)
2580 * next-matching-history-element: Minibuffer History. (line 48)
2581 * not-modified: Saving. (line 45)
2582 * nroff-mode: Nroff Mode. (line 6)
2583 * number-to-register: RegNumbers. (line 11)
2584 * objc-mode: CC Mode. (line 6)
2585 * occur: Other Repeating Search.
2587 * open-dribble-file: Bugs. (line 144)
2588 * open-line: Blank Lines. (line 16)
2589 * open-rectangle: Rectangles. (line 68)
2590 * open-termscript: Bugs. (line 153)
2591 * other-window: Other Window. (line 20)
2592 * other-window-any-frame: Other Window. (line 34)
2593 * outline-backward-same-level: Outline Motion. (line 36)
2594 * outline-forward-same-level: Outline Motion. (line 36)
2595 * outline-next-visible-heading: Outline Motion. (line 29)
2596 * outline-previous-visible-heading: Outline Motion. (line 29)
2597 * outline-up-heading: Outline Motion. (line 36)
2598 * overwrite-mode: Minor Modes. (line 26)
2599 * phases-of-moon: Lunar Phases. (line 23)
2600 * picture-backward-clear-column: Basic Picture. (line 27)
2601 * picture-backward-column: Basic Picture. (line 6)
2602 * picture-clear-column: Basic Picture. (line 27)
2603 * picture-clear-line: Basic Picture. (line 27)
2604 * picture-clear-rectangle: Rectangles in Picture.
2606 * picture-clear-rectangle-to-register: Rectangles in Picture.
2608 * picture-forward-column: Basic Picture. (line 6)
2609 * picture-motion: Insert in Picture. (line 40)
2610 * picture-motion-reverse: Insert in Picture. (line 40)
2611 * picture-move-down: Basic Picture. (line 6)
2612 * picture-move-up: Basic Picture. (line 6)
2613 * picture-movement-down: Insert in Picture. (line 6)
2614 * picture-movement-left: Insert in Picture. (line 6)
2615 * picture-movement-ne: Insert in Picture. (line 6)
2616 * picture-movement-nw: Insert in Picture. (line 6)
2617 * picture-movement-right: Insert in Picture. (line 6)
2618 * picture-movement-se: Insert in Picture. (line 6)
2619 * picture-movement-sw: Insert in Picture. (line 6)
2620 * picture-movement-up: Insert in Picture. (line 6)
2621 * picture-newline: Basic Picture. (line 20)
2622 * picture-open-line: Basic Picture. (line 34)
2623 * picture-set-tab-stops: Tabs in Picture. (line 23)
2624 * picture-tab: Tabs in Picture. (line 18)
2625 * picture-tab-search: Tabs in Picture. (line 6)
2626 * picture-yank-rectangle: Rectangles in Picture.
2628 * picture-yank-rectangle-from-register: Rectangles in Picture.
2630 * pike-mode: CC Mode. (line 6)
2631 * plain-TeX-mode: TeX Mode. (line 6)
2632 * plain-tex-mode: TeX Mode. (line 6)
2633 * play-sound: Audible Bell. (line 6)
2634 * point-to-register: RegPos. (line 16)
2635 * prefer-coding-system: Recognize Coding. (line 28)
2636 * prepend-to-buffer: Accumulating Text. (line 6)
2637 * previous-complex-command: Repetition. (line 45)
2638 * previous-history-element: Minibuffer History. (line 30)
2639 * previous-line: Moving Point. (line 15)
2640 * previous-list-mode-item: Completion Commands. (line 73)
2641 * previous-matching-history-element: Minibuffer History. (line 48)
2642 * print-buffer: Hardcopy. (line 24)
2643 * print-diary-entries <1>: Diary Customizing. (line 26)
2644 * print-diary-entries: Diary Commands. (line 61)
2645 * print-region: Hardcopy. (line 24)
2646 * quail-set-keyboard-layout: Select Input Method. (line 41)
2647 * query-replace: Query Replace. (line 13)
2648 * query-replace-regexp: Query Replace. (line 20)
2649 * quietly-read-abbrev-file: Saving Abbrevs. (line 30)
2650 * quit-shell-subjob: Shell Mode. (line 12)
2651 * quoted-insert: Inserting Text. (line 33)
2652 * re-search-backward: Regexp Search. (line 42)
2653 * re-search-forward: Regexp Search. (line 42)
2654 * read-abbrev-file: Saving Abbrevs. (line 30)
2655 * read-key-sequence: Representing Keystrokes.
2657 * recenter <1>: Scrolling. (line 37)
2658 * recenter: Moving Point. (line 15)
2659 * recover-file: Recover. (line 6)
2660 * redraw-calendar: General Calendar. (line 33)
2661 * relabel-menu-item: Menu Customization. (line 103)
2662 * remove-directory: File Names. (line 51)
2663 * remove-hook: Mode Hooks. (line 6)
2664 * rename-buffer: Misc Buffer. (line 25)
2665 * rename-file: Misc File Ops. (line 37)
2666 * repeat-complex-command: Repetition. (line 27)
2667 * replace-regexp: Unconditional Replace.
2669 * replace-string: Unconditional Replace.
2671 * revert-buffer: Reverting. (line 6)
2672 * run-lisp: External Lisp. (line 12)
2673 * save-buffer: Saving. (line 26)
2674 * save-buffers-kill-emacs: Exiting. (line 64)
2675 * save-some-buffers: Saving. (line 39)
2676 * scroll-calendar-left: Scroll Calendar. (line 28)
2677 * scroll-calendar-left-three-months: Scroll Calendar. (line 35)
2678 * scroll-calendar-right: Scroll Calendar. (line 28)
2679 * scroll-calendar-right-three-months: Scroll Calendar. (line 35)
2680 * scroll-down: Scrolling. (line 42)
2681 * scroll-left: Horizontal Scrolling.
2683 * scroll-other-window <1>: General Calendar. (line 29)
2684 * scroll-other-window: Other Window. (line 40)
2685 * scroll-right: Horizontal Scrolling.
2687 * scroll-up: Scrolling. (line 42)
2688 * search-backward: Non-Incremental Search.
2690 * search-forward: Non-Incremental Search.
2692 * select-input-method: Select Input Method. (line 20)
2693 * self-insert: Inserting Text. (line 55)
2694 * send-shell-input: Shell Mode. (line 12)
2695 * set-buffer-file-coding-system: Specify Coding. (line 27)
2696 * set-buffer-process-coding-system: Specify Coding. (line 91)
2697 * set-comment-column: Comments. (line 84)
2698 * set-default-file-modes: Interlocking. (line 77)
2699 * set-face-background: Faces. (line 98)
2700 * set-face-background-pixmap: Faces. (line 104)
2701 * set-face-font: Faces. (line 120)
2702 * set-face-foreground: Faces. (line 126)
2703 * set-face-underline-p: Faces. (line 132)
2704 * set-fill-column: Fill Commands. (line 53)
2705 * set-fill-prefix: Fill Prefix. (line 22)
2706 * set-gnu-bindings: Emulation. (line 38)
2707 * set-goal-column: Moving Point. (line 95)
2708 * set-gosmacs-bindings: Emulation. (line 38)
2709 * set-keyboard-coding-system: Specify Coding. (line 73)
2710 * set-language-environment: Language Environments.
2712 * set-mark-command: Setting Mark. (line 32)
2713 * set-selective-display: Selective Display. (line 6)
2714 * set-terminal-coding-system: Specify Coding. (line 62)
2715 * set-variable: Examining. (line 8)
2716 * set-visited-file-name: Saving. (line 62)
2717 * setq-default: Locals. (line 56)
2718 * shell: Interactive Shell. (line 6)
2719 * shell-command: Single Shell. (line 6)
2720 * shell-command-on-region: Single Shell. (line 15)
2721 * shell-send-eof: Shell Mode. (line 12)
2722 * show-all: Outline Visibility. (line 66)
2723 * show-all-diary-entries: Diary Commands. (line 55)
2724 * show-branches: Outline Visibility. (line 56)
2725 * show-children: Outline Visibility. (line 62)
2726 * show-entry: Outline Visibility. (line 43)
2727 * show-output-from-shell: Shell Mode. (line 12)
2728 * show-subtree: Outline Visibility. (line 48)
2729 * simple-diary-display: Fancy Diary Display. (line 6)
2730 * sort-columns: Sorting. (line 87)
2731 * sort-diary-entries: Fancy Diary Display. (line 35)
2732 * sort-fields: Sorting. (line 23)
2733 * sort-lines: Sorting. (line 23)
2734 * sort-numeric-fields: Sorting. (line 23)
2735 * sort-pages: Sorting. (line 23)
2736 * sort-paragraphs: Sorting. (line 23)
2737 * spell-buffer: Spelling. (line 30)
2738 * spell-region: Spelling. (line 34)
2739 * spell-string: Spelling. (line 37)
2740 * spell-word: Spelling. (line 18)
2741 * split-line: Indentation Commands.
2743 * split-window-horizontally: Split Window. (line 28)
2744 * split-window-vertically: Split Window. (line 21)
2745 * start-kbd-macro: Basic Kbd Macro. (line 6)
2746 * stop-shell-subjob: Shell Mode. (line 12)
2747 * substitute-key-definition: Interactive Rebinding.
2749 * sunrise-sunset: Sunrise/Sunset. (line 22)
2750 * suspend-emacs: Exiting. (line 39)
2751 * switch-to-buffer: Select Buffer. (line 16)
2752 * switch-to-buffer-other-frame <1>: Select Buffer. (line 16)
2753 * switch-to-buffer-other-frame: XEmacs under X. (line 27)
2754 * switch-to-buffer-other-window <1>: Pop Up Window. (line 11)
2755 * switch-to-buffer-other-window: Select Buffer. (line 16)
2756 * switch-to-completions: Completion Commands. (line 52)
2757 * switch-to-other-buffer: Select Buffer. (line 35)
2758 * tab-to-tab-stop <1>: Text Mode. (line 6)
2759 * tab-to-tab-stop: Tab Stops. (line 6)
2760 * tabify: Just Spaces. (line 12)
2761 * tags-apropos: List Tags. (line 21)
2762 * tags-loop-continue: Tags Search. (line 28)
2763 * tags-query-replace: Tags Search. (line 33)
2764 * tags-search: Tags Search. (line 22)
2765 * term: Terminal emulator. (line 6)
2766 * term-line-mode: Term Mode. (line 17)
2767 * term-pager-toggle: Paging in Term. (line 9)
2768 * tex-buffer: TeX Print. (line 32)
2769 * tex-close-latex-block: TeX Editing. (line 72)
2770 * tex-insert-braces: TeX Editing. (line 49)
2771 * tex-insert-quote: TeX Editing. (line 31)
2772 * tex-kill-job: TeX Print. (line 38)
2773 * tex-mode: TeX Mode. (line 6)
2774 * TeX-mode: TeX Mode. (line 6)
2775 * tex-print: TeX Print. (line 32)
2776 * tex-recenter-output-buffer: TeX Print. (line 38)
2777 * tex-region: TeX Print. (line 48)
2778 * tex-show-print-queue: TeX Print. (line 32)
2779 * tex-terminate-paragraph: TeX Editing. (line 55)
2780 * text-mode: Text Mode. (line 6)
2781 * toggle-input-method: Select Input Method. (line 26)
2782 * toggle-read-only: Misc Buffer. (line 15)
2783 * top-level <1>: Quitting. (line 53)
2784 * top-level: Recursive Edit. (line 28)
2785 * transpose-chars <1>: Transpose. (line 18)
2786 * transpose-chars: Moving Point. (line 15)
2787 * transpose-lines: Transpose. (line 30)
2788 * transpose-sexps <1>: Lists. (line 108)
2789 * transpose-sexps: Transpose. (line 30)
2790 * transpose-words <1>: Words. (line 55)
2791 * transpose-words: Transpose. (line 30)
2792 * undo: Undo. (line 20)
2793 * unexpand-abbrev: Expanding Abbrevs. (line 48)
2794 * universal-argument: Arguments. (line 28)
2795 * universal-coding-system-argument: Specify Coding. (line 34)
2796 * untabify: Just Spaces. (line 12)
2797 * up-list: TeX Editing. (line 49)
2798 * upcase-region: Case. (line 46)
2799 * upcase-word <1>: Case. (line 24)
2800 * upcase-word: Fixing Case. (line 16)
2801 * validate-tex-buffer: TeX Editing. (line 55)
2802 * vc-cancel-version: Editing with VC. (line 76)
2803 * vc-create-snapshot: Making Snapshots. (line 9)
2804 * vc-diff: Old Versions. (line 22)
2805 * vc-directory: VC Status. (line 11)
2806 * vc-insert-headers: Version Headers. (line 11)
2807 * vc-next-action: Editing with VC. (line 107)
2808 * vc-print-log: VC Status. (line 6)
2809 * vc-register: Editing with VC. (line 92)
2810 * vc-rename-file: Renaming and VC. (line 6)
2811 * vc-retrieve-snapshot: Making Snapshots. (line 14)
2812 * vc-revert-buffer: Editing with VC. (line 66)
2813 * vc-update-change-log: Change Logs and VC. (line 11)
2814 * vc-version-other-window: Old Versions. (line 17)
2815 * view-buffer: Misc Buffer. (line 30)
2816 * view-diary-entries: Diary Commands. (line 35)
2817 * view-emacs-news: Misc Help. (line 51)
2818 * view-file: Misc File Ops. (line 44)
2819 * view-hello-file: Mule Intro. (line 59)
2820 * view-lossage: Misc Help. (line 27)
2821 * view-register: Registers. (line 12)
2822 * visit-tags-table: Select Tags Table. (line 70)
2823 * what-cursor-position: Position Info. (line 47)
2824 * what-line: Position Info. (line 31)
2825 * what-page: Position Info. (line 31)
2826 * where-is: Name Help. (line 44)
2827 * widen: Narrowing. (line 39)
2828 * widget-backward: Changing an Option. (line 90)
2829 * widget-complete: Changing an Option. (line 52)
2830 * widget-forward: Changing an Option. (line 90)
2831 * window-configuration-to-register <1>: Split Window. (line 46)
2832 * window-configuration-to-register: RegConfig. (line 6)
2833 * word-search-backward: Word Search. (line 33)
2834 * word-search-forward: Word Search. (line 33)
2835 * write-abbrev-file: Saving Abbrevs. (line 24)
2836 * write-file: Saving. (line 73)
2837 * x-copy-primary-selection: X Selection Commands.
2839 * x-create-frame: X Resources. (line 6)
2840 * x-delete-primary-selection: X Selection Commands.
2842 * x-insert-selection: X Selection Commands.
2844 * x-kill-primary-selection: X Selection Commands.
2846 * x-mouse-kill: X Selection Commands.
2848 * x-own-secondary-selection: X Selection Commands.
2850 * x-own-selection: X Selection Commands.
2852 * x-set-point-and-insert-selection: X Selection Commands.
2854 * xemacs-local-faq: Misc Help. (line 51)
2855 * Yank: Kill Ring. (line 6)
2856 * yank-pop: Earlier Kills. (line 6)
2857 * yank-rectangle: Rectangles. (line 63)
2858 * yow: Amusements. (line 6)
2859 * zap-to-char: Killing. (line 129)
2860 * zmacs-activate-region: Active Regions. (line 88)
2861 * zmacs-deactivate-region: Active Regions. (line 93)
2864 File: xemacs.info, Node: Variable Index, Next: Concept Index, Prev: Command Index, Up: Top
2872 * abbrev-all-caps: Expanding Abbrevs. (line 10)
2873 * abbrev-file-name: Saving Abbrevs. (line 30)
2874 * abbrev-mode: Abbrevs. (line 12)
2875 * after-load-alist: Loading. (line 79)
2876 * after-save-hook: Saving. (line 92)
2877 * all-christian-calendar-holidays: Holiday Customizing. (line 22)
2878 * all-hebrew-calendar-holidays: Holiday Customizing. (line 22)
2879 * all-islamic-calendar-holidays: Holiday Customizing. (line 22)
2880 * appt-audible: Appt Customizing. (line 9)
2881 * appt-display-duration: Appt Customizing. (line 9)
2882 * appt-display-mode-line: Appt Customizing. (line 9)
2883 * appt-message-warning-time: Appt Customizing. (line 9)
2884 * appt-msg-window: Appt Customizing. (line 9)
2885 * appt-visible: Appt Customizing. (line 9)
2886 * apropos-do-all: Apropos. (line 59)
2887 * auto-fill-inhibit-regexp: Fill Commands. (line 41)
2888 * auto-lower-frame: XEmacs under X. (line 59)
2889 * auto-mode-alist: Choosing Modes. (line 15)
2890 * auto-raise-frame: XEmacs under X. (line 59)
2891 * auto-save-default: Auto Save Control. (line 6)
2892 * auto-save-interval: Auto Save Control. (line 15)
2893 * auto-save-timeout: Auto Save Control. (line 25)
2894 * auto-save-visited-file-name: Auto Save Files. (line 26)
2895 * awk-mode-hook: CC Mode. (line 6)
2896 * backup-by-copying: Backup Copying. (line 25)
2897 * backup-by-copying-when-linked: Backup Copying. (line 25)
2898 * backup-by-copying-when-mismatch: Backup Copying. (line 25)
2899 * bell-volume: Audible Bell. (line 49)
2900 * blink-matching-paren: Matching. (line 23)
2901 * blink-matching-paren-distance: Matching. (line 23)
2902 * bookmark-save-flag: Bookmarks. (line 50)
2903 * bookmark-search-size: Bookmarks. (line 56)
2904 * buffer-file-coding-system: Recognize Coding. (line 57)
2905 * buffer-file-name: Visiting. (line 75)
2906 * buffer-file-truename: Visiting. (line 81)
2907 * buffer-read-only: Misc Buffer. (line 15)
2908 * buffer-tag-table: Find Tag. (line 49)
2909 * c++-mode-hook: CC Mode. (line 6)
2910 * c-initialization-hook: CC Mode. (line 6)
2911 * c-mode-common-hook: CC Mode. (line 6)
2912 * c-mode-hook: CC Mode. (line 6)
2913 * c-mode-map: Keymaps. (line 12)
2914 * calendar-date-display-form: Date Display Format. (line 6)
2915 * calendar-daylight-savings-ends: Daylight Savings. (line 21)
2916 * calendar-daylight-savings-ends-time: Daylight Savings. (line 65)
2917 * calendar-daylight-savings-starts: Daylight Savings. (line 21)
2918 * calendar-daylight-time-offset: Daylight Savings. (line 61)
2919 * calendar-daylight-time-zone-name: Sunrise/Sunset. (line 53)
2920 * calendar-holiday-marker: Calendar Customizing.
2922 * calendar-holidays: Holiday Customizing. (line 6)
2923 * calendar-latitude: Sunrise/Sunset. (line 41)
2924 * calendar-load-hook: Calendar Customizing.
2926 * calendar-location-name: Sunrise/Sunset. (line 41)
2927 * calendar-longitude: Sunrise/Sunset. (line 41)
2928 * calendar-standard-time-zone-name: Sunrise/Sunset. (line 53)
2929 * calendar-time-display-form: Time Display Format. (line 6)
2930 * calendar-time-zone: Sunrise/Sunset. (line 53)
2931 * calendar-today-marker: Calendar Customizing.
2933 * calendar-week-start-day: Move to Beginning or End.
2935 * case-fold-search <1>: Replacement and Case.
2937 * case-fold-search: Search Case. (line 6)
2938 * case-replace: Replacement and Case.
2940 * christian-holidays: Holiday Customizing. (line 6)
2941 * coding: Recognize Coding. (line 48)
2942 * command-history: Repetition. (line 57)
2943 * command-line-args: Command Switches. (line 188)
2944 * comment-column: Comments. (line 84)
2945 * comment-end: Comments. (line 107)
2946 * comment-indent-hook: Comments. (line 124)
2947 * comment-line-start: Fortran Comments. (line 61)
2948 * comment-line-start-skip: Fortran Comments. (line 61)
2949 * comment-multi-line: Comments. (line 113)
2950 * comment-start: Comments. (line 107)
2951 * comment-start-skip: Comments. (line 97)
2952 * compare-ignore-case: Comparing Files. (line 29)
2953 * compile-command: Compilation. (line 36)
2954 * completion-auto-help: Completion Options. (line 17)
2955 * completion-ignored-extensions: Completion Options. (line 6)
2956 * create-frame-hook: XEmacs under X. (line 47)
2957 * ctl-arrow: Display Vars. (line 24)
2958 * ctl-x-map: Keymaps. (line 41)
2959 * current-input-method: Select Input Method. (line 20)
2960 * data-directory: Startup Paths. (line 152)
2961 * data-directory-list: Startup Paths. (line 157)
2962 * debug-on-error: Lisp Debug. (line 6)
2963 * debug-on-quit: Lisp Debug. (line 6)
2964 * default-buffer-file-coding-system: Specify Coding. (line 55)
2965 * default-directory: File Names. (line 27)
2966 * default-directory-alist: File Names. (line 46)
2967 * default-frame-alist: XEmacs under X. (line 31)
2968 * default-frame-plist: XEmacs under X. (line 31)
2969 * default-input-method: Select Input Method. (line 35)
2970 * default-major-mode: Choosing Modes. (line 51)
2971 * delete-auto-save-files: Auto Save Files. (line 30)
2972 * delete-old-versions: Backup Deletion. (line 17)
2973 * describe-function-show-arglist: Name Help. (line 6)
2974 * diary-date-forms: Diary Customizing. (line 36)
2975 * diary-display-hook: Fancy Diary Display. (line 6)
2976 * diary-entry-marker: Calendar Customizing.
2978 * diary-file: Format of Diary File.
2980 * diary-list-include-blanks: Fancy Diary Display. (line 26)
2981 * diary-mail-days: Diary Commands. (line 77)
2982 * diff-switches: Comparing Files. (line 6)
2983 * dired-kept-versions: Dired Deletion. (line 64)
2984 * dired-listing-switches: Dired Enter. (line 6)
2985 * display-buffer-function: Pop Up Window. (line 33)
2986 * doc-directory: Startup Paths. (line 148)
2987 * echo-keystrokes: Display Vars. (line 19)
2988 * emacs-lisp-mode-hook: Mode Hooks. (line 6)
2989 * emacs-roots: Startup Paths. (line 38)
2990 * EMACSDATA: Startup Paths. (line 153)
2991 * EMACSLOADPATH: Startup Paths. (line 127)
2992 * EMACSPATH: Startup Paths. (line 145)
2993 * enable-local-variables: File Variables. (line 86)
2994 * enable-recursive-minibuffers: Minibuffer Edit. (line 56)
2995 * esc-map: Keymaps. (line 41)
2996 * european-calendar-style: Date Formats. (line 39)
2997 * exec-directory: Startup Paths. (line 137)
2998 * exec-path: Startup Paths. (line 142)
2999 * explicit-shell-file-name: Interactive Shell. (line 27)
3000 * face-frob-from-locale-first: Faces. (line 77)
3001 * file-coding-system-alist: Recognize Coding. (line 35)
3002 * file-name-coding-system: Specify Coding. (line 100)
3003 * fill-column: Fill Commands. (line 48)
3004 * fill-prefix: Fill Prefix. (line 39)
3005 * find-file-compare-truenames: Visiting. (line 81)
3006 * find-file-hooks: Visiting. (line 127)
3007 * find-file-not-found-hooks: Visiting. (line 127)
3008 * find-file-run-dired: Visiting. (line 103)
3009 * find-file-use-truenames: Visiting. (line 75)
3010 * fortran-check-all-num-for-matching-do: ForIndent Vars. (line 6)
3011 * fortran-comment-indent-char: Fortran Comments. (line 57)
3012 * fortran-comment-indent-style: Fortran Comments. (line 46)
3013 * fortran-comment-line-column: Fortran Comments. (line 46)
3014 * fortran-comment-region: Fortran Comments. (line 71)
3015 * fortran-continuation-char: ForIndent Conv. (line 10)
3016 * fortran-continuation-indent: ForIndent Vars. (line 6)
3017 * fortran-do-indent: ForIndent Vars. (line 6)
3018 * fortran-electric-line-number: ForIndent Num. (line 21)
3019 * fortran-if-indent: ForIndent Vars. (line 6)
3020 * fortran-line-number-indent: ForIndent Num. (line 14)
3021 * fortran-minimum-statement-indent: ForIndent Vars. (line 6)
3022 * frame-icon-title-format <1>: Command Switches. (line 218)
3023 * frame-icon-title-format: XEmacs under X. (line 53)
3024 * frame-title-format <1>: Command Switches. (line 218)
3025 * frame-title-format: XEmacs under X. (line 53)
3026 * general-holidays: Holiday Customizing. (line 14)
3027 * global-map: Keymaps. (line 6)
3028 * hebrew-holidays: Holiday Customizing. (line 6)
3029 * help-map: Keymaps. (line 41)
3030 * holidays-in-diary-buffer: Diary Customizing. (line 6)
3031 * idl-mode-hook: CC Mode. (line 6)
3032 * indent-tabs-mode: Just Spaces. (line 6)
3033 * Info-directory-list: Startup Paths. (line 130)
3034 * INFOPATH: Startup Paths. (line 134)
3035 * initial-calendar-window-hook: Calendar Customizing.
3037 * initial-major-mode: Entering Emacs. (line 22)
3038 * input-method-highlight-flag: Input Methods. (line 67)
3039 * input-method-verbose-flag: Input Methods. (line 67)
3040 * input-ring-size: Interactive Shell. (line 55)
3041 * insert-default-directory <1>: File Names. (line 68)
3042 * insert-default-directory: Minibuffer File. (line 35)
3043 * isearch-mode-map: Keymaps. (line 23)
3044 * islamic-holidays: Holiday Customizing. (line 6)
3045 * java-mode-hook: CC Mode. (line 6)
3046 * kept-new-versions: Backup Deletion. (line 6)
3047 * kept-old-versions: Backup Deletion. (line 6)
3048 * keyboard-translate-table: Intro to Keystrokes. (line 53)
3049 * kill-ring-max: Earlier Kills. (line 48)
3050 * LaTeX-mode-hook: TeX Print. (line 69)
3051 * lisp-body-indention: Lisp Indent. (line 22)
3052 * lisp-directory: Startup Paths. (line 118)
3053 * lisp-indent-offset: Lisp Indent. (line 17)
3054 * lisp-interaction-mode-hook: Mode Hooks. (line 6)
3055 * lisp-mode-hook: Mode Hooks. (line 6)
3056 * lisp-mode-map: Keymaps. (line 12)
3057 * list-diary-entries-hook: Included Diary Files.
3059 * list-directory-brief-switches: ListDir. (line 33)
3060 * list-directory-verbose-switches: ListDir. (line 33)
3061 * load-path <1>: Loading. (line 39)
3062 * load-path: Startup Paths. (line 123)
3063 * local-holidays: Holiday Customizing. (line 18)
3064 * lpr-switches: Hardcopy. (line 24)
3065 * mail-abbrev-mailrc-file: Mail Headers. (line 65)
3066 * mail-abbrev-mode-regexp: Mail Headers. (line 88)
3067 * mail-alias-separator-string: Mail Headers. (line 135)
3068 * mail-archive-file-name: Mail Headers. (line 140)
3069 * mail-header-separator: Mail Format. (line 21)
3070 * mail-mode-hook: Mail Mode. (line 86)
3071 * make-backup-files: Backup. (line 6)
3072 * make-tags-files-invisible: Find Tag. (line 49)
3073 * mark-diary-entries-hook: Included Diary Files.
3075 * mark-diary-entries-in-calendar: Calendar Customizing.
3077 * mark-holidays-in-calendar: Calendar Customizing.
3079 * mark-ring: Mark Ring. (line 32)
3080 * mark-ring-max: Mark Ring. (line 27)
3081 * meta-flag: Meta Key. (line 23)
3082 * minibuffer-confirm-incomplete <1>: Completion Options. (line 22)
3083 * minibuffer-confirm-incomplete: Minibuffer Edit. (line 40)
3084 * minibuffer-local-completion-map: Keymaps. (line 23)
3085 * minibuffer-local-map: Keymaps. (line 23)
3086 * minibuffer-local-must-match-map: Keymaps. (line 23)
3087 * minibuffer-local-ns-map: Keymaps. (line 23)
3088 * mode-line-inverse-video: Mode Line. (line 86)
3089 * modeline-pointer-glyph: Mouse Selection. (line 10)
3090 * next-line-add-newlines: Moving Point. (line 110)
3091 * next-screen-context-lines: Scrolling. (line 50)
3092 * no-redraw-on-reenter: Display Vars. (line 9)
3093 * nongregorian-diary-listing-hook: Hebrew/Islamic Entries.
3095 * nongregorian-diary-marking-hook: Hebrew/Islamic Entries.
3097 * nontext-pointer-glyph: Mouse Selection. (line 10)
3098 * nroff-mode-hook: Nroff Mode. (line 34)
3099 * number-of-diary-entries: Diary Customizing. (line 14)
3100 * objc-mode-hook: CC Mode. (line 6)
3101 * other-holidays: Holiday Customizing. (line 31)
3102 * outline-mode-hook: Outline Mode. (line 12)
3103 * outline-regexp: Outline Format. (line 41)
3104 * page-delimiter: Pages. (line 56)
3105 * paragraph-separate: Paragraphs. (line 40)
3106 * paragraph-start: Paragraphs. (line 40)
3107 * parse-sexp-ignore-comments: Syntax Entry. (line 94)
3108 * PATH: Startup Paths. (line 144)
3109 * picture-mode-hook: Picture. (line 41)
3110 * picture-tab-chars: Tabs in Picture. (line 6)
3111 * pike-mode-hook: CC Mode. (line 6)
3112 * plain-TeX-mode-hook: TeX Print. (line 69)
3113 * print-diary-entries-hook: Diary Customizing. (line 26)
3114 * repeat-complex-command-map: Keymaps. (line 23)
3115 * require-final-newline: Saving. (line 88)
3116 * save-abbrevs: Saving Abbrevs. (line 38)
3117 * scheme-mode-hook: Mode Hooks. (line 6)
3118 * scroll-conservatively: Scrolling. (line 84)
3119 * scroll-step: Scrolling. (line 70)
3120 * search-slow-speed: Incremental Search. (line 193)
3121 * search-slow-window-lines: Incremental Search. (line 197)
3122 * selective-display-ellipses <1>: Outline Visibility. (line 72)
3123 * selective-display-ellipses: Display Vars. (line 50)
3124 * sentence-end: Sentences. (line 47)
3125 * shell-cd-regexp: Interactive Shell. (line 39)
3126 * shell-file-name: Single Shell. (line 21)
3127 * shell-popd-regexp: Interactive Shell. (line 39)
3128 * shell-prompt-pattern: Shell Mode. (line 12)
3129 * shell-pushd-regexp: Interactive Shell. (line 39)
3130 * sound-alist: Audible Bell. (line 6)
3131 * tab-stop-list: Tab Stops. (line 11)
3132 * tab-width: Display Vars. (line 42)
3133 * tag-mark-stack-max: Find Tag. (line 49)
3134 * tag-table-alist <1>: Find Tag. (line 49)
3135 * tag-table-alist: Select Tags Table. (line 6)
3136 * tags-always-build-completion-table: Select Tags Table. (line 66)
3137 * tags-build-completion-table: Find Tag. (line 49)
3138 * tags-file-name <1>: Find Tag. (line 49)
3139 * tags-file-name: Select Tags Table. (line 70)
3140 * term-file-prefix: Terminal Init. (line 24)
3141 * term-setup-hook: Terminal Init. (line 29)
3142 * TeX-mode-hook: TeX Print. (line 69)
3143 * text-mode-hook: Text Mode. (line 22)
3144 * text-pointer-glyph: Mouse Selection. (line 10)
3145 * today-invisible-calendar-hook: Calendar Customizing.
3147 * today-visible-calendar-hook: Calendar Customizing.
3149 * track-eol: Moving Point. (line 105)
3150 * truncate-lines: Continuation Lines. (line 18)
3151 * truncate-partial-width-windows: Split Window. (line 36)
3152 * vc-command-messages: Variables for Check-in/out.
3154 * vc-comment-alist: Version Headers. (line 35)
3155 * vc-default-back-end: Editing with VC. (line 92)
3156 * vc-header-alist: Version Headers. (line 17)
3157 * vc-initial-comment: Editing with VC. (line 103)
3158 * vc-keep-workfiles: Editing with VC. (line 53)
3159 * vc-log-mode-hook: Log Entries. (line 26)
3160 * vc-make-backup-files: Editing with VC. (line 49)
3161 * vc-mistrust-permissions: Variables for Check-in/out.
3163 * vc-path: Variables for Check-in/out.
3165 * vc-static-header-alist: Version Headers. (line 42)
3166 * vc-suppress-confirm: Variables for Check-in/out.
3168 * version-control: Backup Names. (line 21)
3169 * view-calendar-holidays-initially: Calendar Customizing.
3171 * view-diary-entries-initially: Calendar Customizing.
3173 * window-min-height: Change Window. (line 36)
3174 * window-min-width: Change Window. (line 36)
3175 * write-file-hooks: Saving. (line 92)
3176 * x-frame-defaults: XEmacs under X. (line 41)
3177 * zmacs-region-stays: Active Regions. (line 81)
3178 * zmacs-regions: Active Regions. (line 28)
3181 File: xemacs.info, Node: Concept Index, Next: Frame, Prev: Variable Index, Up: Top
3189 * $ in regexp: Regexps. (line 155)
3190 * ( in regexp: Regexps. (line 198)
3191 * ) in regexp: Regexps. (line 198)
3192 * * in regexp: Regexps. (line 35)
3193 * *? in regexp: Regexps. (line 78)
3194 * + in regexp: Regexps. (line 65)
3195 * +? in regexp: Regexps. (line 91)
3196 * . in regexp: Regexps. (line 29)
3197 * .mailrc file: Mail Headers. (line 71)
3198 * // in file name: Minibuffer File. (line 30)
3199 * ? in regexp: Regexps. (line 72)
3200 * ?? in regexp: Regexps. (line 94)
3201 * [ in regexp: Regexps. (line 106)
3202 * \ in regexp: Regexps. (line 162)
3203 * \' in regexp: Regexps. (line 283)
3204 * \(?: in regexp: Regexps. (line 237)
3205 * \< in regexp: Regexps. (line 301)
3206 * \= in regexp: Regexps. (line 287)
3207 * \> in regexp: Regexps. (line 304)
3208 * \` in regexp: Regexps. (line 279)
3209 * \B in regexp: Regexps. (line 297)
3210 * \b in regexp: Regexps. (line 291)
3211 * \S in regexp: Regexps. (line 272)
3212 * \s in regexp: Regexps. (line 265)
3213 * \W in regexp: Regexps. (line 262)
3214 * \w in regexp: Regexps. (line 258)
3215 * \{n,m\} in regexp: Regexps. (line 97)
3216 * ] in regexp: Regexps. (line 106)
3217 * ^ in regexp: Regexps. (line 134)
3218 * Abbrev mode: Minor Modes. (line 31)
3219 * abbrevs: Abbrevs. (line 6)
3220 * aborting: Quitting. (line 44)
3221 * accumulating text: Accumulating Text. (line 6)
3222 * active fields (customization buffer): Customization Groups.
3224 * active regions: Active Regions. (line 6)
3225 * adding menu items: Menu Customization. (line 53)
3226 * adding menus: Menu Customization. (line 30)
3227 * againformation: Dissociated Press. (line 27)
3228 * Apps menu <1>: Apps Menu. (line 6)
3229 * Apps menu: Pull-down Menus. (line 25)
3230 * apropos: Apropos. (line 6)
3231 * architecture-specific directories: Startup Paths. (line 105)
3232 * arguments (from shell): Command Switches. (line 6)
3233 * arrow keys: Moving Point. (line 6)
3234 * ASCII: Intro to Keystrokes. (line 6)
3235 * Asm mode: Asm Mode. (line 6)
3236 * astronomical day numbers: Calendar Systems. (line 12)
3237 * audible bell, changing: Audible Bell. (line 6)
3238 * Auto Delete Selection menu item: Options Menu. (line 14)
3239 * Auto Fill mode <1>: Minor Modes. (line 22)
3240 * Auto Fill mode <2>: Comments. (line 72)
3241 * Auto Fill mode: Auto Fill. (line 6)
3242 * Auto-Save mode: Auto Save. (line 6)
3243 * autoload: Loading. (line 63)
3244 * automatic package install: Automatically. (line 3)
3245 * available packages: Available Packages. (line 3)
3246 * AWK Mode: CC Mode. (line 6)
3247 * AWK Mode without CC Mode: Older Modes. (line 6)
3248 * backup file: Backup. (line 6)
3249 * batch mode: Command Switches. (line 118)
3250 * beginning of line in regexp: Regexps. (line 146)
3251 * bell, changing: Audible Bell. (line 6)
3252 * binary packages: Package Terminology. (line 33)
3253 * binding: Commands. (line 6)
3254 * blank lines <1>: Comments. (line 72)
3255 * blank lines: Blank Lines. (line 16)
3256 * body lines (Outline mode): Outline Format. (line 6)
3257 * bold font: Face Customization. (line 6)
3258 * bookmarks: Bookmarks. (line 6)
3259 * boredom: Amusements. (line 6)
3260 * buffer: Frame. (line 6)
3261 * buffer menu: Several Buffers. (line 6)
3262 * buffers: Buffers. (line 6)
3263 * Buffers menu <1>: Buffers Menu. (line 6)
3264 * Buffers menu: Pull-down Menus. (line 35)
3265 * Buffers Menu Length... menu item: Options Menu. (line 14)
3266 * Buffers Sub-Menus menu item: Options Menu. (line 14)
3267 * buggestion: Dissociated Press. (line 44)
3268 * bugs: Bugs. (line 6)
3269 * building packages: Building Packages. (line 3)
3270 * byte code: Compiling Libraries. (line 6)
3271 * C Mode: CC Mode. (line 6)
3272 * C Mode without CC Mode: Older Modes. (line 6)
3273 * C++ class browser, tags: Tags. (line 27)
3274 * C++ Mode: CC Mode. (line 6)
3275 * calendar: Calendar/Diary. (line 6)
3276 * calendar and LaTeX: LaTeX Calendar. (line 6)
3277 * calendar, first day of week: Move to Beginning or End.
3279 * candle lighting times: Sexp Diary Entries. (line 119)
3280 * case conversion <1>: Case. (line 6)
3281 * case conversion: Fixing Case. (line 16)
3282 * Case Sensitive Search menu item: Options Menu. (line 14)
3283 * CCL programs: Mule and Fonts. (line 6)
3284 * centering: Fill Commands. (line 44)
3285 * change log: Change Log. (line 6)
3286 * changing buffers: Select Buffer. (line 6)
3287 * changing menu items: Menu Customization. (line 103)
3288 * character set: Intro to Keystrokes. (line 6)
3289 * character set (in regexp): Regexps. (line 106)
3290 * checking in files: Concepts of VC. (line 17)
3291 * checking out files: Concepts of VC. (line 17)
3292 * Chinese: Mule. (line 6)
3293 * Chinese calendar: Calendar Systems. (line 53)
3294 * choosing packages <1>: Which Packages. (line 3)
3295 * choosing packages: Installing Packages. (line 20)
3296 * class browser, C++: Tags. (line 27)
3297 * Clear menu item: Edit Menu. (line 13)
3298 * clipboard selections: X Clipboard Selection.
3300 * coding systems: Coding Systems. (line 6)
3301 * command <1>: Key Bindings. (line 7)
3302 * command: Commands. (line 6)
3303 * command history: Repetition. (line 6)
3304 * command line arguments: Command Switches. (line 6)
3305 * command name: Key Bindings. (line 7)
3306 * comments: Comments. (line 6)
3307 * comparing files: Comparing Files. (line 6)
3308 * compilation errors: Compilation. (line 6)
3309 * compiling files: Compilation. (line 45)
3310 * completion: Completion. (line 6)
3311 * completion (symbol names): Lisp Completion. (line 6)
3312 * continuation line: Continuation Lines. (line 6)
3313 * Control-Meta: Lists. (line 6)
3314 * Coptic calendar: Calendar Systems. (line 41)
3315 * Copy menu item: Edit Menu. (line 13)
3316 * copying files: Misc File Ops. (line 16)
3317 * copying text <1>: Accumulating Text. (line 6)
3318 * copying text: Yanking. (line 6)
3319 * CORBA IDL Mode: CC Mode. (line 6)
3320 * core distribution: Installing Packages. (line 10)
3321 * crashes: Auto Save. (line 6)
3322 * creating directories: File Names. (line 51)
3323 * creating files: Visiting. (line 91)
3324 * current buffer: Buffers. (line 13)
3325 * current stack frame: Lisp Debug. (line 44)
3326 * cursor <1>: Inserting Text. (line 6)
3327 * cursor: Point. (line 6)
3328 * cursor motion: Moving Point. (line 6)
3329 * customization <1>: Customization. (line 6)
3330 * customization <2>: Lisp Indent. (line 6)
3331 * customization: Commands. (line 6)
3332 * customization buffer: Easy Customization. (line 6)
3333 * customization groups: Customization Groups.
3335 * customizing faces: Face Customization. (line 6)
3336 * cut buffers: X Selection Commands.
3338 * Cut menu item: Edit Menu. (line 13)
3339 * cutting: Killing. (line 6)
3340 * Cyrillic: Mule. (line 6)
3341 * day of year: General Calendar. (line 21)
3342 * daylight savings time: Daylight Savings. (line 6)
3343 * debugger: Lisp Debug. (line 6)
3344 * default argument: Minibuffer. (line 19)
3345 * defuns: Defuns. (line 6)
3346 * Delete Frame menu item: File Menu. (line 11)
3347 * deleting blank lines: Blank Lines. (line 6)
3348 * deleting characters and lines: Erasing. (line 24)
3349 * deleting menu items: Menu Customization. (line 90)
3350 * deleting packages: Removing Packages. (line 3)
3351 * deletion <1>: Killing. (line 6)
3352 * deletion: Inserting Text. (line 13)
3353 * deletion (of files) <1>: Misc File Ops. (line 21)
3354 * deletion (of files): Dired. (line 6)
3355 * diary: Diary. (line 6)
3356 * diary buffer: Fancy Diary Display. (line 11)
3357 * diary file: Format of Diary File.
3359 * ding: Audible Bell. (line 15)
3360 * directories: Startup Paths. (line 6)
3361 * directory hierarchies: Startup Paths. (line 16)
3362 * directory listing: ListDir. (line 6)
3363 * Dired: Dired. (line 6)
3364 * disabled command: Disabling. (line 6)
3365 * disabling menu items: Menu Customization. (line 98)
3366 * Distribution: License. (line 64)
3367 * doctor: Total Frustration. (line 6)
3368 * double slash in file name: Minibuffer File. (line 30)
3369 * drastic changes: Reverting. (line 6)
3370 * dribble file: Bugs. (line 144)
3371 * early package hierarchies: Startup Paths. (line 49)
3372 * Ebrowse: Tags. (line 27)
3373 * echo area: Echo Area. (line 6)
3374 * Edit menu <1>: Edit Menu. (line 6)
3375 * Edit menu: Pull-down Menus. (line 20)
3376 * editable fields (customization buffer): Customization Groups.
3378 * editing level, recursive <1>: Quitting. (line 44)
3379 * editing level, recursive: Recursive Edit. (line 6)
3380 * EDT: Emulation. (line 6)
3381 * Eliza: Total Frustration. (line 6)
3382 * Emacs initialization file: Init File. (line 6)
3383 * Emacs-Lisp mode: Lisp Eval. (line 6)
3384 * enabling menu items: Menu Customization. (line 98)
3385 * encoding of characters: Mule. (line 6)
3386 * End Macro Recording menu item: Edit Menu. (line 13)
3387 * entering XEmacs: Entering Emacs. (line 6)
3388 * environment: Single Shell. (line 21)
3389 * erasing characters and lines: Erasing. (line 24)
3390 * error log: Compilation. (line 6)
3391 * etags program: Create Tags Table. (line 6)
3392 * Ethiopic calendar: Calendar Systems. (line 41)
3393 * Execute Last Macro menu item: Edit Menu. (line 13)
3394 * Exit Emacs menu item: File Menu. (line 11)
3395 * exiting <1>: Recursive Edit. (line 13)
3396 * exiting: Exiting. (line 6)
3397 * expansion (of abbrevs): Abbrevs. (line 6)
3398 * expression: Lists. (line 13)
3399 * file dates: Interlocking. (line 6)
3400 * file directory: ListDir. (line 6)
3401 * File menu <1>: File Menu. (line 6)
3402 * File menu: Pull-down Menus. (line 16)
3403 * file names: File Names. (line 6)
3404 * file protection: Interlocking. (line 77)
3405 * files <1>: Visiting. (line 21)
3406 * files <2>: Files. (line 6)
3407 * files: Basic Files. (line 6)
3408 * files, remote: Files. (line 13)
3409 * fill prefix: Fill Prefix. (line 6)
3410 * filling: Filling. (line 6)
3411 * font encoding: Mule and Fonts. (line 6)
3412 * Font menu item: Options Menu. (line 14)
3413 * font registry: Mule and Fonts. (line 6)
3414 * fonts: Mule and Fonts. (line 6)
3415 * fonts and faces: Face Customization. (line 6)
3416 * formfeed: Pages. (line 6)
3417 * Fortran mode: Fortran. (line 6)
3418 * frame: Frame. (line 6)
3419 * French Revolutionary calendar: Calendar Systems. (line 29)
3420 * function <1>: Key Bindings. (line 7)
3421 * function: Commands. (line 6)
3422 * General Public License: License. (line 7)
3423 * getting help with keys: Basic Help. (line 6)
3424 * global keymap: Keymaps. (line 6)
3425 * global substitution: Replace. (line 6)
3426 * graphic characters: Inserting Text. (line 6)
3427 * Greek: Mule. (line 6)
3428 * Gregorian calendar: Other Calendars. (line 6)
3429 * grinding: Grinding. (line 6)
3430 * hardcopy: Hardcopy. (line 6)
3431 * header (TeX mode): TeX Print. (line 57)
3432 * headers (of mail message): Mail Headers. (line 6)
3433 * heading lines (Outline mode): Outline Format. (line 6)
3434 * Hebrew calendar: Calendar Systems. (line 16)
3435 * help: Help. (line 6)
3436 * Help menu <1>: Help Menu. (line 6)
3437 * Help menu: Pull-down Menus. (line 43)
3438 * hierarchies: Startup Paths. (line 16)
3439 * history of commands: Repetition. (line 6)
3440 * history of minibuffer input: Minibuffer History. (line 6)
3441 * holiday forms: Holiday Customizing. (line 34)
3442 * holidays: Holidays. (line 6)
3443 * Hook variables: Mode Hooks. (line 6)
3444 * horizontal scrolling: Horizontal Scrolling.
3446 * Icomplete mode: Completion Options. (line 27)
3447 * ignoriginal: Dissociated Press. (line 36)
3448 * indentation <1>: Comments. (line 6)
3449 * indentation <2>: Grinding. (line 6)
3450 * indentation: Indentation. (line 6)
3451 * inferior process: Compilation. (line 6)
3452 * Info: Misc Help. (line 6)
3453 * init file: Init File. (line 6)
3454 * input methods: Input Methods. (line 6)
3455 * Insert File... menu item: File Menu. (line 11)
3456 * inserting blank lines: Blank Lines. (line 6)
3457 * insertion: Inserting Text. (line 6)
3458 * install: Installing Packages. (line 3)
3459 * installing packages: Installing Packages. (line 3)
3460 * international scripts: Mule. (line 6)
3461 * interval operator (in regexps): Etags Regexps. (line 21)
3462 * invisible lines: Outline Mode. (line 6)
3463 * IPA: Mule. (line 6)
3464 * Islamic calendar: Calendar Systems. (line 20)
3465 * ISO commercial calendar: Calendar Systems. (line 6)
3466 * italic font: Face Customization. (line 6)
3467 * Japanese: Mule. (line 6)
3468 * Java Mode: CC Mode. (line 6)
3469 * Julian calendar: Calendar Systems. (line 8)
3470 * Julian day numbers: Calendar Systems. (line 12)
3471 * justification: Fill Commands. (line 36)
3472 * key rebinding, permanent: Init File. (line 6)
3473 * key rebinding, this session: Rebinding. (line 6)
3474 * keyboard macros: Keyboard Macros. (line 6)
3475 * keycode: Super and Hyper Keys.
3477 * keymap <1>: Keymaps. (line 6)
3478 * keymap: Commands. (line 6)
3479 * keystroke: Intro to Keystrokes. (line 6)
3480 * keysym: Intro to Keystrokes. (line 16)
3481 * keysyms: Super and Hyper Keys.
3483 * Kill Buffer menu item: File Menu. (line 11)
3484 * kill ring: Yanking. (line 6)
3485 * killing: Killing. (line 6)
3486 * killing characters and lines: Erasing. (line 24)
3487 * killing Emacs: Exiting. (line 6)
3488 * Korean: Mule. (line 6)
3489 * language environments: Language Environments.
3491 * last package hierarchies: Startup Paths. (line 49)
3492 * late package hierarchies: Startup Paths. (line 49)
3493 * LaTeX: TeX Mode. (line 6)
3494 * leaving Emacs: Exiting. (line 6)
3495 * libraries: Lisp Libraries. (line 6)
3496 * license to copy XEmacs: License. (line 7)
3497 * line number: Position Info. (line 31)
3498 * line wrapping: Continuation Lines. (line 6)
3499 * Lisp: Programs. (line 6)
3500 * Lisp mode: Program Modes. (line 6)
3501 * list: Lists. (line 13)
3502 * loading libraries: Loading. (line 34)
3503 * loading Lisp code: Lisp Libraries. (line 6)
3504 * local keymap: Keymaps. (line 12)
3505 * local variables: Locals. (line 16)
3506 * local variables in files: File Variables. (line 6)
3507 * local.rules: Local.rules File. (line 3)
3508 * locking and version control: Concepts of VC. (line 17)
3509 * log entry: Editing with VC. (line 38)
3510 * mail <1>: Reading Mail. (line 6)
3511 * mail: Sending Mail. (line 6)
3512 * major modes: Major Modes. (line 6)
3513 * make: Compilation. (line 6)
3514 * manual package install: Manually. (line 3)
3515 * manuals, on-line: Misc Help. (line 6)
3516 * mark: Mark. (line 6)
3517 * mark ring <1>: Mark and Region. (line 35)
3518 * mark ring: Mark Ring. (line 6)
3519 * Markov chain: Dissociated Press. (line 36)
3520 * master file: Concepts of VC. (line 6)
3521 * matching parentheses: Matching. (line 6)
3522 * Mayan calendar: Calendar Systems. (line 35)
3523 * Mayan calendar round: Mayan Calendar. (line 64)
3524 * Mayan haab calendar: Mayan Calendar. (line 56)
3525 * Mayan long count: Mayan Calendar. (line 36)
3526 * Mayan tzolkin calendar: Mayan Calendar. (line 48)
3527 * menus <1>: Change Window. (line 54)
3528 * menus: Pull-down Menus. (line 44)
3529 * message <1>: Reading Mail. (line 6)
3530 * message: Sending Mail. (line 6)
3531 * Meta: Words. (line 6)
3532 * minibuffer <1>: Keymaps. (line 23)
3533 * minibuffer <2>: M-x. (line 18)
3534 * minibuffer: Minibuffer. (line 6)
3535 * minibuffer history: Minibuffer History. (line 6)
3536 * minor modes: Minor Modes. (line 6)
3537 * mistakes, correcting <1>: Fixit. (line 6)
3538 * mistakes, correcting: Undo. (line 6)
3539 * mocklisp: Mocklisp. (line 6)
3540 * mode hook: Mode Hooks. (line 6)
3541 * mode line <1>: Minor Modes. (line 6)
3542 * mode line: Mode Line. (line 6)
3543 * mode, Term: Term Mode. (line 6)
3544 * modified (buffer): Visiting. (line 41)
3545 * modifier key: Intro to Keystrokes. (line 16)
3546 * modifier mapping: Super and Hyper Keys.
3548 * moon, phases of: Lunar Phases. (line 6)
3549 * mouse operations: Additional Mouse Operations.
3551 * mouse selection: Mouse Selection. (line 6)
3552 * movement: Moving Point. (line 6)
3553 * moving inside the calendar: Calendar Motion. (line 6)
3554 * moving point: Moving Point. (line 6)
3555 * moving text: Yanking. (line 6)
3556 * moving the cursor: Moving Point. (line 6)
3557 * MULE: Mule. (line 6)
3558 * multi-frame XEmacs: XEmacs under X. (line 16)
3559 * multibyte characters: Mule. (line 6)
3560 * named configurations (RCS): Snapshot Caveats. (line 6)
3561 * narrowing: Narrowing. (line 6)
3562 * New Frame menu item: File Menu. (line 11)
3563 * newline: Inserting Text. (line 19)
3564 * non-incremental search: Non-Incremental Search.
3566 * nroff: Nroff Mode. (line 6)
3567 * numeric arguments: Arguments. (line 6)
3568 * Objective C Mode: CC Mode. (line 6)
3569 * Old AWK Mode: Older Modes. (line 6)
3570 * Old C Mode: Older Modes. (line 6)
3571 * old-c-mode: Older Modes. (line 6)
3572 * omer count: Sexp Diary Entries. (line 119)
3573 * on-line manuals: Misc Help. (line 6)
3574 * Open File, New Frame... menu item: File Menu. (line 11)
3575 * Open File... menu item: File Menu. (line 11)
3576 * option <1>: Examining. (line 28)
3577 * option: Variables. (line 6)
3578 * Options menu <1>: Options Menu. (line 6)
3579 * Options menu: Pull-down Menus. (line 31)
3580 * other editors: Emulation. (line 6)
3581 * outlines: Outline Mode. (line 6)
3582 * outragedy: Dissociated Press. (line 44)
3583 * Overstrike menu item: Options Menu. (line 14)
3584 * Overwrite mode: Minor Modes. (line 26)
3585 * package building: Building Packages. (line 3)
3586 * package distributions: Package Terminology. (line 24)
3587 * package hierarchies: Startup Paths. (line 43)
3588 * package path: Startup Paths. (line 73)
3589 * package tools: Automatically. (line 3)
3590 * packages <1>: Available Packages. (line 3)
3591 * packages: Packages. (line 6)
3592 * page number: Position Info. (line 31)
3593 * pages: Pages. (line 6)
3594 * paragraphs: Paragraphs. (line 6)
3595 * parasha, weekly: Sexp Diary Entries. (line 119)
3596 * Paren Highlighting menu item: Options Menu. (line 14)
3597 * parentheses: Matching. (line 6)
3598 * Paste menu item: Edit Menu. (line 13)
3599 * pasting: Yanking. (line 6)
3600 * path: Startup Paths. (line 9)
3601 * paths: Startup Paths. (line 91)
3602 * per-buffer variables: Locals. (line 31)
3603 * Persian calendar: Calendar Systems. (line 47)
3604 * phases of the moon: Lunar Phases. (line 6)
3605 * pictures: Picture. (line 6)
3606 * point <1>: Inserting Text. (line 6)
3607 * point: Point. (line 6)
3608 * pointer face: Mouse Selection. (line 17)
3609 * pointer shapes: Mouse Selection. (line 6)
3610 * prefix key sequence: Key Sequences. (line 29)
3611 * presidentagon: Dissociated Press. (line 18)
3612 * primary selections: X Selection Commands.
3614 * Print Buffer menu item: File Menu. (line 11)
3615 * Programming Languages: Programs. (line 6)
3616 * prompt: Minibuffer. (line 13)
3617 * properbose: Dissociated Press. (line 44)
3618 * Pull-down Menus <1>: Change Window. (line 54)
3619 * Pull-down Menus: Pull-down Menus. (line 44)
3620 * query replace: Query Replace. (line 6)
3621 * quitting: Quitting. (line 6)
3622 * quitting (in search): Incremental Search. (line 76)
3623 * quitting Emacs: Exiting. (line 6)
3624 * quoting: Inserting Text. (line 33)
3625 * random sentences: CONX. (line 6)
3626 * RCS: Concepts of VC. (line 6)
3627 * Read Only menu item: Options Menu. (line 14)
3628 * read-only buffer: Misc Buffer. (line 15)
3629 * rebinding keys, permanently: Init File. (line 6)
3630 * rebinding keys, this session: Rebinding. (line 6)
3631 * rectangle <1>: Rectangles in Picture.
3633 * rectangle: RegRect. (line 6)
3634 * rectangles: Rectangles. (line 6)
3635 * recursive editing level <1>: Quitting. (line 44)
3636 * recursive editing level: Recursive Edit. (line 6)
3637 * redefining keys: Key Bindings Using Strings.
3639 * regexp: Regexp Search. (line 6)
3640 * regexp alternative: Regexps. (line 184)
3641 * regexp grouping: Regexps. (line 198)
3642 * region <1>: Case. (line 46)
3643 * region: Mark. (line 6)
3644 * registered file: Concepts of VC. (line 6)
3645 * registers: Registers. (line 6)
3646 * regular expression: Regexp Search. (line 6)
3647 * regular packages: Package Terminology. (line 11)
3648 * remote files: Files. (line 13)
3649 * removing directories: File Names. (line 51)
3650 * removing packages: Removing Packages. (line 3)
3651 * replacement: Replace. (line 6)
3652 * restriction: Narrowing. (line 6)
3653 * Revert Buffer menu item: File Menu. (line 11)
3654 * root of a hierarchy: Startup Paths. (line 34)
3655 * rosh hodesh: Sexp Diary Entries. (line 119)
3656 * Russian: Mule. (line 6)
3657 * Save Buffer As ... menu item: File Menu. (line 11)
3658 * Save Buffer menu item: File Menu. (line 11)
3659 * Save Options: Options Menu. (line 14)
3660 * saving: Visiting. (line 21)
3661 * saving option value: Changing an Option. (line 101)
3662 * SCCS: Concepts of VC. (line 6)
3663 * scrolling: Scrolling. (line 10)
3664 * scrolling in the calendar: Scroll Calendar. (line 6)
3665 * searching: Search. (line 6)
3666 * selected buffer: Buffers. (line 13)
3667 * selected window: Basic Window. (line 12)
3668 * selective display: Outline Mode. (line 6)
3669 * self-documentation: Help. (line 6)
3670 * sentences: Sentences. (line 6)
3671 * setting option value: Changing an Option. (line 40)
3672 * setting variables: Examining. (line 6)
3673 * sexp: Lists. (line 13)
3674 * sexp diary entries: Sexp Diary Entries. (line 6)
3675 * shell commands: Shell. (line 6)
3676 * Shell mode: Shell Mode. (line 6)
3677 * shift modifier: Representing Keystrokes.
3679 * shrinking XEmacs frame: Exiting. (line 6)
3680 * simultaneous editing: Interlocking. (line 6)
3681 * single-file packages: Package Terminology. (line 14)
3682 * site-specific directories: Startup Paths. (line 101)
3683 * Size menu item: Options Menu. (line 14)
3684 * slashes repeated in file name: Minibuffer File. (line 30)
3685 * snapshots and version control: Snapshots. (line 6)
3686 * sorting: Sorting. (line 6)
3687 * sorting diary entries: Fancy Diary Display. (line 31)
3688 * source packages: Package Terminology. (line 39)
3689 * spelling: Spelling. (line 6)
3690 * Split Frame: File Menu. (line 11)
3691 * Start Macro Recording menu item: Edit Menu. (line 13)
3692 * starting XEmacs: Entering Emacs. (line 6)
3693 * startup paths: Startup Paths. (line 6)
3694 * string substitution: Replace. (line 6)
3695 * subshell: Shell. (line 6)
3696 * subtree (Outline mode): Outline Visibility. (line 48)
3697 * sumo package install: Sumo. (line 3)
3698 * sunrise and sunset: Sunrise/Sunset. (line 6)
3699 * suspending: Exiting. (line 6)
3700 * switching buffers: Select Buffer. (line 6)
3701 * Syntax Highlighting menu item: Options Menu. (line 14)
3702 * syntax table <1>: Syntax. (line 6)
3703 * syntax table: Words. (line 67)
3704 * tags table: Tags. (line 6)
3705 * tags, C++: Tags. (line 27)
3706 * Teach Extended Commands menu item: Options Menu. (line 14)
3707 * techniquitous: Dissociated Press. (line 36)
3708 * television: Appending Kills. (line 6)
3709 * Term mode: Term Mode. (line 6)
3710 * termscript file: Bugs. (line 153)
3711 * TeX: TeX Mode. (line 6)
3712 * text: Text. (line 6)
3713 * Text mode: Text Mode. (line 6)
3714 * Tools menu <1>: Tools Menu. (line 6)
3715 * Tools menu: Pull-down Menus. (line 40)
3716 * top level: Mode Line. (line 6)
3717 * transposition <1>: Lists. (line 108)
3718 * transposition <2>: Words. (line 55)
3719 * transposition: Transpose. (line 18)
3720 * truncation: Continuation Lines. (line 18)
3721 * typos: Fixit. (line 6)
3722 * Un-split (Keep Others): File Menu. (line 11)
3723 * Un-split (Keep This): File Menu. (line 11)
3724 * undo: Undo. (line 6)
3725 * Undo menu item: Edit Menu. (line 13)
3726 * variable: Variables. (line 6)
3727 * variables: Commands. (line 43)
3728 * version control: Version Control. (line 6)
3729 * version-specific directories: Startup Paths. (line 97)
3730 * vi: Emulation. (line 6)
3731 * viewing: Misc File Ops. (line 44)
3732 * Viper: Emulation. (line 10)
3733 * visiting: Visiting. (line 21)
3734 * visiting files: Visiting. (line 6)
3735 * weeks, which day they start on: Move to Beginning or End.
3737 * Weight menu item: Options Menu. (line 14)
3738 * which packages: Which Packages. (line 3)
3739 * widening: Narrowing. (line 6)
3740 * window: Frame. (line 6)
3741 * windows: Windows. (line 6)
3742 * Windows menu: Change Window. (line 54)
3743 * word search: Word Search. (line 6)
3744 * words <1>: Case. (line 24)
3745 * words <2>: Words. (line 6)
3746 * words: Fixing Case. (line 16)
3747 * work file: Concepts of VC. (line 6)
3748 * wrapping: Continuation Lines. (line 6)
3749 * X resources: X Resources. (line 6)
3750 * yahrzeits <1>: Sexp Diary Entries. (line 119)
3751 * yahrzeits: From Other Calendar. (line 57)
3752 * yanking: Yanking. (line 6)
3753 * | in regexp: Regexps. (line 184)