3 @setfilename emacs-mime-ja
4 @settitle Emacs MIME Manual
10 \e$B$3$N%U%!%$%k$O
\e(B Emacs MIME
\e$B%$%s%?!<%U%'!<%9$N5!G=$rJ8=q2=$7$?$b$N$G$9!#
\e(B
12 Copyright (C) 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003
13 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
16 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
17 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or
18 any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
19 Invariant Sections, with the Front-Cover texts being ``A GNU
20 Manual'', and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a) below. A copy of the
21 license is included in the section entitled ``GNU Free Documentation
22 License'' in the Emacs manual.
24 \e$B$3$NJ8=q$r!"%U%j!<%=%U%H%&%'%":bCDH/9T$N
\e(B GNU
\e$B%U%j!<J8=qMxMQ5vBz7@Ls=q
\e(B
25 \e$BBh
\e(B 1.1
\e$BHG$^$?$O$=$l0J9_$NHG$,Dj$a$k>r7o$N2<$GJ#@=!"G[I[!"$"$k$$$OJQ99$9
\e(B
26 \e$B$k$3$H$r5v2D$7$^$9!#JQ99IT2DItJ,$O;XDj$7$^$;$s!#!V
\e(BA GNU Manual
\e$B!W$OI=I=;f
\e(B
27 \e$B%F%-%9%H!"0J2<$N
\e(B (a)
\e$B$ON"I=;f%F%-%9%H$G$9!#$3$NMxMQ5vBz7@Ls=q$NJ#<L$O
\e(B
28 \e$B!V
\e(BEmacs manual
\e$B!W$N!V
\e(BGNU
\e$B%U%j!<J8=qMxMQ5vBz7@Ls=q!W$H$$$&>O$K4^$^$l$F$$$^
\e(B
31 (a) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: ``You have freedom to copy and modify
32 this GNU Manual, like GNU software. Copies published by the Free
33 Software Foundation raise funds for GNU development.''
35 (a) FSF
\e$B$NN"I=;f%F%-%9%H
\e(B:
\e$B!V$"$J$?$K$O$3$N
\e(B GNU Manual
\e$B$r
\e(B GNU
\e$B%=%U%H%&%'%"
\e(B
36 \e$B$N$h$&$KJ#@=$7$?$jJQ99$9$k<+M3$,$"$j$^$9!#J#@=$O%U%j!<%=%U%H%&%'%":bCD$K
\e(B
37 \e$B$h$C$F=PHG$5$l$^$7$?!#
\e(B(
\e$B%U%j!<%=%U%H%&%'%":bCD$O
\e(B) GNU
\e$B$N3+H/$N$?$a$KI,MW
\e(B
38 \e$B$J;q6b$r=8$a$F$$$^$9!#!W
\e(B
40 This document is part of a collection distributed under the GNU Free
41 Documentation License. If you want to distribute this document
42 separately from the collection, you can do so by adding a copy of the
43 license to the document, as described in section 6 of the license.
45 \e$B$3$NJ8=q$O!V
\e(BGNU
\e$B%U%j!<J8=qMxMQ5vBz7@Ls=q!W$K4p$E$$$FG[I[$5$l$?<}=8Cx:nJ*
\e(B
46 \e$B$N0lIt$G$9!#$b$7$"$J$?$,$3$NJ8=q$r<}=8Cx:nJ*$+$iJ,N%$7$FG[I[$7$?$$$H$-$O!"
\e(B
47 \e$B7@Ls=q$NBh
\e(B 6
\e$B9`$K5-=R$5$l$F$$$k$h$&$K!"J8=q$K7@Ls=q$NJ#<L$rIU2C$9$k$3$H
\e(B
48 \e$B$K$h$C$F!"9T$J$&$3$H$,$G$-$^$9!#
\e(B
54 * Emacs MIME-ja: (emacs-mime-ja). Emacs MIME de/composition library (Japanese).
59 @setchapternewpage odd
62 @title Emacs MIME Manual
64 @author by Lars Magne Ingebrigtsen
66 @vskip 0pt plus 1filll
73 \e$B$3$N%^%K%e%"%k$O
\e(B @acronym{MIME}
\e$B%a%C%;!<%8$NI=<($H:n@.$K;H$o$l$k%i%$%V%i
\e(B
74 \e$B%j!<$rJ8=q2=$7$?$b$N$G$9!#
\e(B
76 \e$B$3$N%^%K%e%"%k$O!"
\e(B@acronym{MIME}
\e$B$N%(%s%3!<%I
\e(B/
\e$B%G%3!<%I!&%W%m%;%9$N?6$kIq
\e(B
77 \e$B$$$rJQ99$7$?$$$+!"
\e(BEmacs @acronym{MIME}
\e$B%i%$%V%i%j!<$,$I$N$h$&$KF0:n$9$k
\e(B
78 \e$B$+$N$b$C$H>\:Y$JIA<L$rK>$`%f!<%6!"$*$h$S
\e(B @acronym{MIME}
\e$B$NMWAG$rA`:n$9$k
\e(B
79 \e$B4X?t$*$h$S%3%^%s%I$r=q$-$?$$?M$?$A$rBP>]$K$7$F$$$^$9!#
\e(B
81 @acronym{MIME}
\e$B$O
\e(B @dfn{Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions}
\e$B$N>JN,I=5-
\e(B
82 \e$B$G$9!#$3$NI8=`$OB??t$N
\e(B RFC
\e$B$KJ8=q2=$5$l$F$$$F!"<g$J$b$N$O<!$NDL$j$G$9
\e(B:
83 RFC2045 (
\e$B%$%s%?!<%M%C%H!&%a%C%;!<%8K\J8$N=q<0
\e(B), RFC2046 (
\e$B%a%G%#%"%?%$%W
\e(B),
84 RFC2047 (
\e$B%a%C%;!<%8%X%C%@!<$NHs
\e(B-@acronym{ASCII}
\e$B%F%-%9%H3HD%
\e(B),
85 RFC2048 (
\e$BEPO?<jB3
\e(B), RFC2049 (
\e$BE,9g4p=`$H;vNc
\e(B)
\e$B!#
\e(B@acronym{MIME}
\e$B$K=`5r$7$?
\e(B
86 \e$B%=%U%H%&%'%"$r=q$3$&$H;W$C$F$$$k?M$OC/$G$b!">/$J$/$H
\e(B
87 \e$B$b
\e(B RFC2045
\e$B$H
\e(B RFC2047
\e$B$OFI$s$G$*$/$3$H$r6/$/4+$a$^$9!#
\e(B
90 * Decoding and Viewing::
\e$B%G%3!<%I$HI=<($N$?$a$NOHAH$_
\e(B
91 * Composing:: @acronym{MML}; @acronym{MIME}
\e$B%Q!<%H5-=RMQ8@8l
\e(B
92 * Interface Functions::
\e$B4pK\E*$J4X?t$K4X$9$kCj>]35G0
\e(B
93 * Basic Functions::
\e$B%f!<%F%#%j%F%#!<$*$h$S4pK\E*$J2r@O$N$?$a$N4X?t
\e(B
94 * Standards::
\e$B;H$o$l$F$$$k
\e(B RFC
\e$B$H:n6HJ8=q$N35N,
\e(B
95 * Index::
\e$B4X?t$*$h$SJQ?t$N:w0z
\e(B
98 @node Decoding and Viewing
99 @chapter
\e$B%G%3!<%I$HI=<(
\e(B
101 \e$B$3$N>O$O!">e0L3,AX$G$N
\e(B @acronym{MIME}
\e$B%a%C%;!<%8$N%G%3!<%I$HI=<($r07$$$^
\e(B
104 \e$B$=$N<g$JL\E*$O!":G=i$K
\e(B @acronym{MIME}
\e$B$N5-;v$r2r@O$7!"<!$K$=$N2r@O$N7k2L
\e(B
105 \e$BJV$5$l$k!V
\e(B@dfn{
\e$B%O%s%I%k
\e(B}
\e$B!W
\e(B
\e$B$N%j%9%H$K4p$E$$$F!"B>$N%W%m%0%i%`$,J*;v$r9T
\e(B
106 \e$B$J$&$3$H$r2DG=$K$9$k$3$H$G$9!#
\e(B
109 * Dissection:: @acronym{MIME}
\e$B%a%C%;!<%8$N2r@O
\e(B
110 * Non-MIME::
\e$BHs
\e(B-@acronym{MIME}
\e$B%a%C%;!<%8$N2r@O
\e(B
111 * Handles::
\e$B%O%s%I%k$N<h$j07$$
\e(B
112 * Display::
\e$B%O%s%I%k$NI=<(
\e(B
113 * Display Customization::
\e$BI=<($K1F6A$9$kJQ?t
\e(B
114 * Files and Directories::
\e$BE:IU$NJ]B8$HL?L>
\e(B
115 * New Viewers::
\e$B<+J,MQ%S%e!<%o!<$N=q$-J}
\e(B
119 @section
\e$B2rBN
\e(B
121 @code{mm-dissect-buffer}
\e$B$O
\e(B @acronym{MIME}
\e$B5-;v$N2rBN$rC4Ev$9$k4X?t$G$9!#
\e(B
122 \e$B%^%k%A%Q!<%H$N%a%C%;!<%8$,M?$($i$l$k$H!"%a%C%;!<%8$r:F5"E*$K7!$j2<$2!"9=
\e(B
123 \e$BB$$K=>$C$F!"$=$N%a%C%;!<%8$N9=B$$rIA<L$9$k
\e(B @acronym{MIME}
\e$B%O%s%I%k$NLZ9=
\e(B
124 \e$BB$$rJV$7$^$9!#
\e(B
127 @section
\e$BHs
\e(B-MIME
128 @vindex mm-uu-configure-list
130 Gnus
\e$B$O$$$/$D$+$NHs
\e(B-@acronym{MIME}
\e$B$NE:IU$bM}2r$7$^$9!#$=$l$i
\e(B
131 \e$B$O
\e(B postscript, uuencode, binhex, yenc, shar, forward, gnatsweb, pgp,
132 diff
\e$B$N$h$&$J$b$N$G$9!#$=$l$>$l$N5!G=$O
\e(B @code{mm-uu-configure-list}
\e$B$K9`
\e(B
133 \e$BL\$rDI2C$9$k$3$H$K$h$C$F!"L58z$K$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$^$9!#Nc$G$9!#
\e(B
137 (add-to-list 'mm-uu-configure-list '(pgp-signed . disabled))
143 \e$B%]%9%H%9%/%j%W%H$N%U%!%$%k!#
\e(B
147 Uuencode
\e$B$5$l$?%U%!%$%k!#
\e(B
151 Binhex
\e$B$G%(%s%3!<%I$5$l$?%U%!%$%k!#
\e(B
155 Yenc
\e$B$G%(%s%3!<%I$5$l$?%U%!%$%k!#
\e(B
159 Shar
\e$B=q8K%U%!%$%k!#
\e(B
163 \e$BHs
\e(B-@acronym{MIME}
\e$B$GE>Aw$5$l$?%a%C%;!<%8!#
\e(B
167 Gnatsweb
\e$B$NE:IU!#
\e(B
171 @acronym{PGP}
\e$B$G=pL>$5$l$?J?J8
\e(B (clear text)
\e$B!#
\e(B
174 @findex pgp-encrypted
175 @acronym{PGP}
\e$B$G0E9f2=$5$l$?J?J8
\e(B (clear text)
\e$B!#
\e(B
179 @acronym{PGP}
\e$B$N8x3+80!#
\e(B
182 @findex emacs-sources
183 @vindex mm-uu-emacs-sources-regexp
184 Emacs
\e$B$N%=!<%9%3!<%I!#$3$N9`L\$O
\e(B @code{mm-uu-emacs-sources-regexp}
\e$B$K9g
\e(B
185 \e$BCW$9$k%0%k!<%W$G$N$_F0:n$7$^$9!#
\e(B
189 @vindex mm-uu-diff-groups-regexp
190 \e$B%Q%C%A!#$3$l$O!"%3%_%C%H$5$l$?%U%!%$%k$N:9J,$,<+F0E*$KAw$i$l$k%0%k!<%W$r
\e(B
191 \e$BBP>]$K$7$?$b$N$G$9!#
\e(B@code{mm-uu-diff-groups-regexp}
\e$B$K9gCW$9$k%0%k!<%W$G
\e(B
192 \e$B$N$_F0:n$7$^$9!#
\e(B
196 @section
\e$B%O%s%I%k
\e(B
198 @acronym{MIME}
\e$B%O%s%I%k$O!"
\e(B@acronym{MIME}
\e$B$N9=@.MWAG$r40A4$K5-=R$9$k%j%9
\e(B
201 \e$B%O%s%I%k$NMWAG$r%"%/%;%9$9$k$?$a$K!"0J2<$N%^%/%m$r;H$&$3$H$,$G$-$^$9
\e(B:
204 @item mm-handle-buffer
205 @findex mm-handle-buffer
206 \e$B%G%3!<%I$5$l$F$$$J$$
\e(B @acronym{MIME}
\e$B%Q!<%H$NFbMFJ*$rJ];}$7$F$$$k%P%C%U%!
\e(B
210 @findex mm-handle-type
211 \e$B2r@O:Q$_$N!"%Q!<%H$N
\e(B @code{Content-Type}
\e$B$rJV$7$^$9!#
\e(B
213 @item mm-handle-encoding
214 @findex mm-handle-encoding
215 \e$B%Q!<%H$N
\e(B @code{Content-Transfer-Encoding}
\e$B$rJV$7$^$9!#
\e(B
217 @item mm-handle-undisplayer
218 @findex mm-handle-undisplayer
219 \e$BI=<($5$l$F$$$k%Q!<%H$r>C$9$3$H$,$G$-$k$b$N
\e(B (
\e$BLuCm
\e(B:
\e$B4X?t$J$I
\e(B)
\e$B$r
\e(B (
\e$B$=$l$,I=
\e(B
220 \e$B<($5$l$F$$$k>l9g$K
\e(B)
\e$BJV$7$^$9!#
\e(B
222 @item mm-handle-set-undisplayer
223 @findex mm-handle-set-undisplayer
224 \e$BI=<($5$l$F$$$k%Q!<%H$r>C$9$3$H$,$G$-$k$b$N
\e(B (
\e$BLuCm
\e(B:
\e$B4X?t$J$I
\e(B)
\e$B$r@_Dj$7$^$9!#
\e(B
226 @item mm-handle-disposition
227 @findex mm-handle-disposition
228 \e$B2r@O:Q$_$N!"%Q!<%H$N
\e(B @code{Content-Disposition}
\e$B$rJV$7$^$9!#
\e(B
230 @item mm-get-content-id
231 @code{Content-ID}
\e$B$G;2>H$5$l$k%O%s%I%k
\e(B (
\e$BC1?t$^$?$OJ#?t
\e(B)
\e$B$rJV$7$^$9!#
\e(B
235 @section
\e$BI=<(
\e(B
237 \e$BI=<($7!">C5n$7!"J]B8$9$k$?$a$N4X?t!#
\e(B
240 @item mm-display-part
241 @findex mm-display-part
242 \e$B%Q!<%H$rI=<($7$^$9!#
\e(B
245 @findex mm-remove-part
246 \e$B%Q!<%H$r
\e(B (
\e$B$=$l$,I=<($5$l$F$$$?$i
\e(B)
\e$B>C5n$7$^$9!#
\e(B
249 @findex mm-inlinable-p
250 @acronym{MIME}
\e$B%?%$%W$,%$%s%i%$%s$GI=<(2DG=$+$I$&$+$rJV$7$^$9!#
\e(B
252 @item mm-automatic-display-p
253 @findex mm-automatic-display-p
254 @acronym{MIME}
\e$B%?%$%W$,<+F0E*$KI=<($5$l$k$Y$-$+$I$&$+$rJV$7$^$9!#
\e(B
256 @item mm-destroy-part
257 @findex mm-destroy-part
258 \e$B%Q!<%H$K$h$C$F;H$o$l$F$$$k$9$Y$F$N;q8;$r3+J|$7$^$9
\e(B (
\e$BLuCm
\e(B:
\e$B%Q!<%H$NI=<(!"
\e(B
259 \e$B$*$h$S%Q!<%H$r2rBN$7$FF@$?8D!9$NItIJ$r0l;~E*$KJ];}$7$F$$$k%P%C%U%!$d%U%!
\e(B
260 \e$B%$%k$r>C5n$7$^$9
\e(B)
\e$B!#
\e(B
264 \e$B%Q!<%H$r%U%!%$%k$KJ]B8$7$^$9!#
\e(B
268 \e$B%Q!<%H$r$"$k%W%m%;%9$K%Q%$%W$7$^$9!#
\e(B
270 @item mm-interactively-view-part
271 @findex mm-interactively-view-part
272 \e$B%Q!<%H$rI=<($9$k$?$a$K;H$&
\e(B mailcap
\e$B$N<jCJ$r?R$M$^$9!#
\e(B
275 @node Display Customization
276 @section
\e$BI=<($N%+%9%?%^%$%:
\e(B
279 @item mm-inline-media-tests
280 @vindex mm-inline-media-tests
281 \e$B$3$l$OO"A[%j%9%H$G$9!#80
\e(B (
\e$BBh0lMWAG
\e(B)
\e$B$O
\e(B @acronym{MIME}
\e$B%?%$%W!"BhFsMWAG$O
\e(B
282 \e$B%Q!<%H$r
\e(B @dfn{
\e$B%$%s%i%$%s
\e(B}
\e$B$G
\e(B (
\e$B$9$J$o$A
\e(B Emacs
\e$B$N2hLL$KKd$a9~$s$G
\e(B)
\e$BI=<($9
\e(B
283 \e$B$k$?$a$N4X?t!"$=$7$FBh;0MWAG$O$=$N%Q!<%H$,%$%s%i%$%s$GI=<($9$k$3$H$,2DG=
\e(B
284 \e$B$+$I$&$+$rD4$Y$k$?$a$KI>2A
\e(B (@code{eval})
\e$B$5$l$k%U%)!<%`$G$9!#
\e(B
286 \e$B$3$NJQ?t$O!"$"$k%Q!<%H$,%$%s%i%$%sI=<(2DG=$+$I$&$+$H!"$b$72DG=$J$i$=$N$d
\e(B
287 \e$B$jJ}$r;XDj$7$^$9!#%Q!<%H$,8=<B$K%$%s%i%$%sI=<($5$l$F$$$k$+$I$&$+$r<($9$b
\e(B
288 \e$B$N$G$O$"$j$^$;$s!#
\e(B
290 @item mm-inlined-types
291 @vindex mm-inlined-types
292 \e$B0lJ}$3$l$O!">e5-$NJQ?t$K$h$C$F@_Dj$5$l$?>r7o$rK~B-$9$k!"%$%s%i%$%sI=<(2D
\e(B
293 \e$BG=$J%?%$%W$r<($7$^$9!#$3$l$O
\e(B @acronym{MIME}
\e$B%a%G%#%"%?%$%W$N%j%9%H$G$9!#
\e(B
294 (
\e$BLuCm
\e(B:
\e$B$=$l$>$l$NMWAG$O@55,I=8=$G$9!#
\e(B)
296 @item mm-automatic-display
297 @vindex mm-automatic-display
298 \e$B$3$l$O>e5-$NJQ?t$,G'$a$k%?%$%W$N$&$A$G!"!V<+F0E*!W$KI=<($5$l$k%?%$%W$N%j
\e(B
299 \e$B%9%H$G$9!#$D$^$j!"%$%s%i%$%sI=<($,2DG=$J%Q!<%H$@$1$,<+F0E*$KI=<($5$l$^$9!#
\e(B
301 @item mm-automatic-external-display
302 @vindex mm-automatic-external-display
303 \e$B$3$l$O30It%S%e!<%o!<$G<+F0E*$KI=<($5$l$k%?%$%W$N%j%9%H$G$9!#
\e(B
305 @item mm-keep-viewer-alive-types
306 @vindex mm-keep-viewer-alive-types
307 \e$B$3$l$O!"JL$N5-;v$rA*Br$7$F$b!"30It%S%e!<%o!<$,
\e(B kill
\e$B$5$l$J$$%a%G%#%"%?%$
\e(B
308 \e$B%W$N%j%9%H$G$9!#
\e(B
310 \e$BLuCm
\e(B: postscript
\e$B$d
\e(B dvi
\e$B$J$I
\e(B (
\e$BJQ?t$N%G%#%U%)%k%HCM$r;2>H$N$3$H
\e(B)
\e$B$N$h$&$K!"
\e(B
311 \e$BFI$`$N$K;~4V$,$+$+$k$+$b$7$l$J$$%Q!<%H$N%?%$%W$r4^$`%j%9%H$G$9!#0lJ}!"$3
\e(B
312 \e$B$l$K4^$^$l$J$$C1=c$J2hA|$N%Q!<%H$J$I$O!"$=$l$,4^$^$l$F$$$?5-;v$NI=<($r$d
\e(B
313 \e$B$a$?$H$-$K!"<+F0E*$K30It%S%e!<%o!<$,
\e(B kill
\e$B$5$l$^$9!#
\e(B
315 @item mm-attachment-override-types
316 @vindex mm-attachment-override-types
317 \e$B$$$/$D$+$N
\e(B @acronym{MIME}
\e$B%(!<%8%'%s%H$O!"G[CV;X
\e(B
318 \e$BDj
\e(B (content-disposition)
\e$B$H$7$F
\e(B @samp{
\e$BE:IU
\e(B} (@samp{attachment})
\e$B$r@_Dj$7
\e(B
319 \e$B$?%Q!<%H$r@8@.$7$^$9!#$3$NJQ?t$O$=$s$JG[CV;XDj$r>e=q$-$7$F!"$=$N%Q!<%H$r
\e(B
320 \e$B%$%s%i%$%sI=<($9$k$3$H$r5v$7$^$9!#
\e(B(
\e$B$=$N%Q!<%H$N%$%s%i%$%sI=<($9$k$3$H$,
\e(B
321 \e$B2DG=$G!";d$?$A$,$=$&$9$k$3$H$rK>$`>l9g$@$1!"G[CV;XDj$,>e=q$-$5$l$k$3$H$K
\e(B
322 \e$BCm0U$7$F2<$5$$!#
\e(B)
324 @item mm-discouraged-alternatives
325 @vindex mm-discouraged-alternatives
326 @samp{multipart/alternative}
\e$B$rI=<($9$k$3$H$,7y$o$l$k
\e(B @acronym{MIME}
\e$B%?
\e(B
327 \e$B%$%W$N%j%9%H$G$9!#$=$l$,:G$b6=L#?<$$$b$N$G$"$k$HA[Dj$7$F$$$k$?$a$K!"I=<(
\e(B
328 \e$B%(!<%8%'%s%H$O%a%C%;!<%8$N8eH>$K$"$k2D;k$J%Q!<%H$rI=<($9$k$3$H$K$J$C$F$$
\e(B
329 \e$B$^$9!#$7$+$7!"%f!<%6!<$OBe$o$j$KB>$N%?%$%W$r9%$`$+$b$7$l$^$;$s!#$3$N%j%9
\e(B
330 \e$B%H$O!"2?$N%?%$%W$,:G$bK>$^$l$J$$$+$r<($7$^$9!#Nc$($P$b$7!"
\e(B
331 @samp{text/html}
\e$B%Q!<%H$OHs>o$KK>$^$:!"$+$D
\e(B @samp{text/richtext}
\e$B%Q!<%H
\e(B
332 \e$B$r$d$dK>$^$J$$$H$$$&$3$H$G$"$l$P!"0J2<$N$h$&$K@k8@$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$^$9
\e(B:
335 (setq mm-discouraged-alternatives
336 '("text/html" "text/richtext")
338 (remove "text/html" mm-automatic-display))
341 @item mm-inline-large-images
342 @vindex mm-inline-large-images
343 \e$B%&%#%s%I%&$h$jBg$-$J%$%s%i%$%s2hA|$rI=<($9$k$H!"
\e(BEmacs
\e$B$O%9%/%m!<%k$9$k$3
\e(B
344 \e$B$H$,$G$-$J$$!"$D$^$j2hA|$NA4BN$r8+$k$3$H$,$G$-$^$;$s!#$3$l$rHr$1$k$?$a!"
\e(B
345 \e$B%i%$%V%i%j!<$O$=$l$r%$%s%i%$%sI=<($9$kA0$K2hA|$N%5%$%:$r7W$C$F!"$=$l$,
\e(B
346 \e$B%&%#%s%I%&$K9g$o$J$$>l9g$O!"%i%$%V%i%j!<$O$=$l$r30It$G
\e(B (
\e$BNc$(
\e(B
347 \e$B$P
\e(B @samp{ImageMagick}
\e$B$d
\e(B @samp{xv}
\e$B$G
\e(B)
\e$BI=<($7$^$9!#$3$NJQ?t
\e(B
348 \e$B$r
\e(B @code{t}
\e$B$K@_Dj$9$k$H$3$N8!::$r$5$;$J$/$7$F!"%i%$%V%i%j!<$K$9$Y$F$N%$
\e(B
349 \e$B%s%i%$%s2hA|$r%5%$%:$K4X$o$j$J$/%$%s%i%$%s$GI=<($5$;$^$9!#
\e(B
351 @item mm-inline-override-types
352 @vindex mm-inline-override-types
353 @code{mm-inlined-types}
\e$B$O!"Nc$($P$9$Y$F$N
\e(B @samp{text/.*}
\e$B%Q!<%H$r%$%s%i
\e(B
354 \e$B%$%s$GI=<($9$k$3$H$r;X<($9$k$h$&$J!"@55,I=8=$r4^$`$3$H$,$G$-$^$9!#0lJ}!"
\e(B
355 \e$B%$%s%i%$%sI=<($,2DG=$@$1$l$I$bE:IU$H$7$F07$$$?$$%?%$%W$,$"$k$J$i$P!"$=$N
\e(B
356 \e$B%?%$%W$K9gCW$9$k@55,I=8=$N%j%9%H$r!"$3$NJQ?t$K@_Dj$9$k$3$H$K$h$C$F@.$7?k
\e(B
357 \e$B$2$k$3$H$,$G$-$^$9!#Nc$($P
\e(B @code{mm-inlined-types}
\e$B$,
\e(B @samp{text/.*}
\e$B$r
\e(B
358 \e$B4^$s$G$$$k$b$N$H$9$k$H!"$3$NJQ?t$K
\e(B @samp{text/html}
\e$B$r4^$^$;$k$3$H$K$h$C
\e(B
359 \e$B$F!"
\e(B@samp{text/html}
\e$B%Q!<%H$OE:IU$H$7$F07$o$l$k$h$&$K$J$j$^$9!#
\e(B
361 @item mm-text-html-renderer
362 @vindex mm-text-html-renderer
363 @acronym{HTML}
\e$B$rIA2h$9$k$?$a$K;H$&4X?t$rA*Br$7$^$9!#$9$G$KMQ0U$7$F$"$k
\e(B
364 \e$BIA2h%W%m%0%i%`$O!"
\e(B@code{w3}, @code{w3m}@footnote{emacs-w3m
\e$B$K$D$$$F$N>\
\e(B
365 \e$B:Y$O
\e(B @uref{http://emacs-w3m.namazu.org/}
\e$B$r8+$F2<$5$$!#
\e(B}, @code{links},
366 @code{lynx}, @code{w3m-standalone}
\e$B$^$?$O
\e(B @code{html2text}
\e$B$N%7%s%\%k72
\e(B
367 \e$B$N$&$A$N0l$D$r;XDj$9$k$3$H$K$h$C$FA*Br$7$^$9!#$b$7
\e(B @code{nil}
\e$B$@$C$?$i!"
\e(B
368 \e$B30It%S%e!<%o!<$r;H$$$^$9!#$5$i$K4X?t
\e(B (
\e$B0z?t$H$7$F
\e(B @acronym{MIME}
\e$B%O%s%I%k
\e(B
369 \e$B$,M?$($i$l$F8F$P$l$k
\e(B)
\e$B$r@_Dj$9$k$3$H$b$G$-$^$9!#
\e(B
371 @item mm-inline-text-html-with-images
372 @vindex mm-inline-text-html-with-images
373 @acronym{HTML}
\e$B%a!<%k$K$O
\e(B @samp{<img>}
\e$B%?%0$r;H$C$?
\e(B spammers (spam
\e$B$r$P
\e(B
374 \e$B$i$^$/$d$+$i
\e(B)
\e$B$NH\Nt$J0-9*$_$,4^$^$l$F$$$k$+$b$7$l$^$;$s!#:G$b$"$j$=$&$J
\e(B
375 \e$B$N$O!"$"$J$?$,$=$N%a!<%k$rFI$s$@$3$H$r3NG'$9$k$?$a$N0U?^$,$"$k$3$H$G$9!#
\e(B
376 \e$B$3$N%*%W%7%g%s$r
\e(B @code{nil}
\e$B$K@_Dj$9$k
\e(B (
\e$B$=$l$,%G%#%U%)%k%H$G$9
\e(B)
\e$B$3$H$K$h$C
\e(B
377 \e$B$F!"$"$J$?$N8D?M>pJs$,N.=P$9$k$N$rKI$0$3$H$,$G$-$^$9!#8=:_
\e(B Emacs/w3
\e$B$O!"
\e(B
378 \e$B$3$l$rL5;k$7$^$9!#
\e(BEmacs-w3m
\e$B$G$O!"$3$l$,
\e(B @code{nil}
\e$B$G$"$C$F$b!"2hA|$rI=
\e(B
379 \e$B<($9$k$?$a$K!"$=$l$,Kd$a9~$^$l$?>l=j$G
\e(B @kbd{t}
\e$B%3%^%s%I$r;H$&$3$H$,$G$-
\e(B
380 \e$B$^$9!#
\e(B@footnote{@kbd{T}
\e$B%3%^%s%I$O$9$Y$F$N2hA|$r<h$j9~$_$^$9!#
\e(B
381 @code{w3m-key-binding}
\e$B%*%W%7%g%s$r
\e(B @code{info}
\e$B$K@_Dj$7$?$J$i$P!"Be$o$j
\e(B
382 \e$B$K
\e(B @kbd{i}
\e$B$+
\e(B @kbd{I}
\e$B$r;H$C$F2<$5$$!#
\e(B}
384 @item mm-w3m-safe-url-regexp
385 @vindex mm-w3m-safe-url-regexp
386 \e$B0BA4$J
\e(B URL
\e$BL>!"$9$J$o$A
\e(B @acronym{HTML}
\e$B%a!<%k$rIA2h$9$k$H$-$K8D?M>pJs$,
\e(B
387 \e$BN.=P$7$=$&$b$J$$
\e(B URL
\e$B$K9gCW$9$k@55,I=8=$G$9
\e(B (
\e$B%G%#%U%)%k%HCM
\e(B
388 \e$B$O
\e(B @samp{\\`cid:}
\e$B$G$9
\e(B)
\e$B!#
\e(B@code{nil}
\e$B$G$"$k$H!"$9$Y$F$N
\e(B URL
\e$B$,0BA4$@$HH=
\e(B
391 @item mm-inline-text-html-with-w3m-keymap
392 @vindex mm-inline-text-html-with-w3m-keymap
393 \e$B$3$N%*%W%7%g%s$rHs
\e(B-@code{nil}
\e$B$K@_Dj$9$k$3$H$K$h$C$F!"%$%s%i%$%sI=<($5$l
\e(B
394 \e$B$?
\e(B text/html
\e$B%Q!<%H$G
\e(B emacs-w3m
\e$B$N%3%^%s%I%-!<$r;H$&$3$H$,$G$-$^$9!#%G%#
\e(B
395 \e$B%U%)%k%HCM$O
\e(B @code{t}
\e$B$G$9!#
\e(B
397 @item mm-external-terminal-program
398 @vindex mm-external-terminal-program
399 \e$B30It$NC<Kv$r5/F0$9$k$?$a$K;H$o$l$k%W%m%0%i%`$G$9!#
\e(B
401 @item mm-enable-external
402 @vindex mm-enable-external
403 \e$B30It$N
\e(B @acronym{MIME}
\e$B%O%s%I%i!<$r;H$&$Y$-$+$I$&$+$r;XDj$7$^$9!#
\e(B
405 @code{t}
\e$B$G$"$k$H!"Dj5A$5$l$?$9$Y$F$N30It$N
\e(B @acronym{MIME}
\e$B%O%s%I%i!<$,
\e(B
406 \e$B;H$o$l$^$9!#
\e(B@code{nil}
\e$B$@$C$?$i!"%U%!%$%k$O%G%#%9%/$KJ]B8$5$l$^
\e(B
407 \e$B$9
\e(B (@code{mailcap-save-binary-file})
\e$B!#$3$l$,
\e(B @code{ask}
\e$B$H$$$&%7%s%\%k$G
\e(B
408 \e$B$"$C$?$J$i$P!"30It$N
\e(B @acronym{MIME}
\e$B%O%s%I%i!<$,5/F0$5$l$kA0$K?R$M$i$l$k
\e(B
411 Mailcap (@pxref{mailcap})
\e$B$r2p$7$FE:IU$NI=<($r;O$a$k$H!":G$b0BA4$J%*%W%7%g
\e(B
412 \e$B%s$G0BA4$J%S%e!<%o!<$r;H$&$3$H$r;n$_$^$9
\e(B (
\e$BE:IU$r%G%#%9%/$KJ]B8$7$F!"0[$J
\e(B
413 \e$B$k<jCJ
\e(B (
\e$B%3%^%s%I%i%$%s$+%@%V%k%/%j%C%/
\e(B)
\e$B$G$=$NI=<($r;O$a$k>l9g$H$O0c$$$^
\e(B
414 \e$B$9
\e(B)
\e$B!#$H$K$+$/!"$I$s$J30It%W%m%0%i%`$b;H$$$?$/$J$$$N$G$"$l$P!"$3$NJQ?t
\e(B
415 \e$B$r
\e(B @code{nil}
\e$B$+
\e(B @code{ask}
\e$B$K@_Dj$7$F2<$5$$!#
\e(B
418 @node Files and Directories
419 @section Files and Directories
423 @item mm-default-directory
424 @vindex mm-default-directory
425 The default directory for saving attachments. If @code{nil} use
426 @code{default-directory}.
428 @item mm-tmp-directory
429 @vindex mm-tmp-directory
430 Directory for storing temporary files.
432 @item mm-file-name-rewrite-functions
433 @vindex mm-file-name-rewrite-functions
434 A list of functions used for rewriting file names of @acronym{MIME}
435 parts. Each function is applied successively to the file name.
436 Ready-made functions include
439 @item mm-file-name-delete-control
440 @findex mm-file-name-delete-control
441 Delete all control characters.
443 @item mm-file-name-delete-gotchas
444 @findex mm-file-name-delete-gotchas
445 Delete characters that could have unintended consequences when used
446 with flawed shell scripts, i.e. @samp{|}, @samp{>} and @samp{<}; and
447 @samp{-}, @samp{.} as the first character.
449 @item mm-file-name-delete-whitespace
450 @findex mm-file-name-delete-whitespace
451 Remove all whitespace.
453 @item mm-file-name-trim-whitespace
454 @findex mm-file-name-trim-whitespace
455 Remove leading and trailing whitespace.
457 @item mm-file-name-collapse-whitespace
458 @findex mm-file-name-collapse-whitespace
459 Collapse multiple whitespace characters.
461 @item mm-file-name-replace-whitespace
462 @findex mm-file-name-replace-whitespace
463 @vindex mm-file-name-replace-whitespace
464 Replace whitespace with underscores. Set the variable
465 @code{mm-file-name-replace-whitespace} to any other string if you do
466 not like underscores.
469 The standard Emacs functions @code{capitalize}, @code{downcase},
470 @code{upcase} and @code{upcase-initials} might also prove useful.
472 @item mm-path-name-rewrite-functions
473 @vindex mm-path-name-rewrite-functions
474 List of functions used for rewriting the full file names of @acronym{MIME}
475 parts. This is used when viewing parts externally, and is meant for
476 transforming the absolute name so that non-compliant programs can find
477 the file where it's saved.
484 Here's an example viewer for displaying @code{text/enriched} inline:
487 (defun mm-display-enriched-inline (handle)
490 (mm-insert-part handle)
491 (save-window-excursion
492 (enriched-decode (point-min) (point-max))
493 (setq text (buffer-string))))
494 (mm-insert-inline handle text)))
497 We see that the function takes a @acronym{MIME} handle as its parameter. It
498 then goes to a temporary buffer, inserts the text of the part, does some
499 work on the text, stores the result, goes back to the buffer it was
500 called from and inserts the result.
502 The two important helper functions here are @code{mm-insert-part} and
503 @code{mm-insert-inline}. The first function inserts the text of the
504 handle in the current buffer. It handles charset and/or content
505 transfer decoding. The second function just inserts whatever text you
506 tell it to insert, but it also sets things up so that the text can be
507 ``undisplayed'' in a convenient manner.
513 @cindex MIME Composing
515 @cindex MIME Meta Language
517 Creating a @acronym{MIME} message is boring and non-trivial. Therefore,
518 a library called @code{mml} has been defined that parses a language
519 called @acronym{MML} (@acronym{MIME} Meta Language) and generates
520 @acronym{MIME} messages.
522 @findex mml-generate-mime
523 The main interface function is @code{mml-generate-mime}. It will
524 examine the contents of the current (narrowed-to) buffer and return a
525 string containing the @acronym{MIME} message.
528 * Simple MML Example:: An example @acronym{MML} document.
529 * MML Definition:: All valid @acronym{MML} elements.
530 * Advanced MML Example:: Another example @acronym{MML} document.
531 * Encoding Customization:: Variables that affect encoding.
532 * Charset Translation:: How charsets are mapped from @sc{mule} to @acronym{MIME}.
533 * Conversion:: Going from @acronym{MIME} to @acronym{MML} and vice versa.
534 * Flowed text:: Soft and hard newlines.
538 @node Simple MML Example
539 @section Simple MML Example
541 Here's a simple @samp{multipart/alternative}:
544 <#multipart type=alternative>
545 This is a plain text part.
546 <#part type=text/enriched>
547 <center>This is a centered enriched part</center>
551 After running this through @code{mml-generate-mime}, we get this:
554 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="=-=-="
560 This is a plain text part.
563 Content-Type: text/enriched
566 <center>This is a centered enriched part</center>
573 @section MML Definition
575 The @acronym{MML} language is very simple. It looks a bit like an SGML
576 application, but it's not.
578 The main concept of @acronym{MML} is the @dfn{part}. Each part can be of a
579 different type or use a different charset. The way to delineate a part
580 is with a @samp{<#part ...>} tag. Multipart parts can be introduced
581 with the @samp{<#multipart ...>} tag. Parts are ended by the
582 @samp{<#/part>} or @samp{<#/multipart>} tags. Parts started with the
583 @samp{<#part ...>} tags are also closed by the next open tag.
585 There's also the @samp{<#external ...>} tag. These introduce
586 @samp{external/message-body} parts.
588 Each tag can contain zero or more parameters on the form
589 @samp{parameter=value}. The values may be enclosed in quotation marks,
590 but that's not necessary unless the value contains white space. So
591 @samp{filename=/home/user/#hello$^yes} is perfectly valid.
593 The following parameters have meaning in @acronym{MML}; parameters that have no
594 meaning are ignored. The @acronym{MML} parameter names are the same as the
595 @acronym{MIME} parameter names; the things in the parentheses say which
596 header it will be used in.
600 The @acronym{MIME} type of the part (@code{Content-Type}).
603 Use the contents of the file in the body of the part
604 (@code{Content-Disposition}).
607 The contents of the body of the part are to be encoded in the character
608 set specified (@code{Content-Type}). @xref{Charset Translation}.
611 Might be used to suggest a file name if the part is to be saved
612 to a file (@code{Content-Type}).
615 Valid values are @samp{inline} and @samp{attachment}
616 (@code{Content-Disposition}).
619 Valid values are @samp{7bit}, @samp{8bit}, @samp{quoted-printable} and
620 @samp{base64} (@code{Content-Transfer-Encoding}). @xref{Charset
624 A description of the part (@code{Content-Description}).
627 RFC822 date when the part was created (@code{Content-Disposition}).
629 @item modification-date
630 RFC822 date when the part was modified (@code{Content-Disposition}).
633 RFC822 date when the part was read (@code{Content-Disposition}).
636 Who to encrypt/sign the part to. This field is used to override any
637 auto-detection based on the To/CC headers.
640 Identity used to sign the part. This field is used to override the
644 The size (in octets) of the part (@code{Content-Disposition}).
647 What technology to sign this @acronym{MML} part with (@code{smime}, @code{pgp}
651 What technology to encrypt this @acronym{MML} part with (@code{smime},
652 @code{pgp} or @code{pgpmime})
656 Parameters for @samp{text/plain}:
660 Formatting parameter for the text, valid values include @samp{fixed}
661 (the default) and @samp{flowed}. Normally you do not specify this
662 manually, since it requires the textual body to be formatted in a
663 special way described in RFC 2646. @xref{Flowed text}.
666 Parameters for @samp{application/octet-stream}:
670 Type of the part; informal---meant for human readers
671 (@code{Content-Type}).
674 Parameters for @samp{message/external-body}:
678 A word indicating the supported access mechanism by which the file may
679 be obtained. Values include @samp{ftp}, @samp{anon-ftp}, @samp{tftp},
680 @samp{localfile}, and @samp{mailserver}. (@code{Content-Type}.)
683 The RFC822 date after which the file may no longer be fetched.
684 (@code{Content-Type}.)
687 The size (in octets) of the file. (@code{Content-Type}.)
690 Valid values are @samp{read} and @samp{read-write}
691 (@code{Content-Type}).
695 Parameters for @samp{sign=smime}:
700 File containing key and certificate for signer.
704 Parameters for @samp{encrypt=smime}:
709 File containing certificate for recipient.
714 @node Advanced MML Example
715 @section Advanced MML Example
717 Here's a complex multipart message. It's a @samp{multipart/mixed} that
718 contains many parts, one of which is a @samp{multipart/alternative}.
721 <#multipart type=mixed>
722 <#part type=image/jpeg filename=~/rms.jpg disposition=inline>
723 <#multipart type=alternative>
724 This is a plain text part.
725 <#part type=text/enriched name=enriched.txt>
726 <center>This is a centered enriched part</center>
728 This is a new plain text part.
729 <#part disposition=attachment>
730 This plain text part is an attachment.
734 And this is the resulting @acronym{MIME} message:
737 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="=-=-="
745 Content-Type: image/jpeg;
747 Content-Disposition: inline;
749 Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
751 /9j/4AAQSkZJRgABAQAAAQABAAD/2wBDAAgGBgcGBQgHBwcJCQgKDBQNDAsLDBkSEw8UHRof
752 Hh0aHBwgJC4nICIsIxwcKDcpLDAxNDQ0Hyc5PTgyPC4zNDL/wAALCAAwADABAREA/8QAHwAA
753 AQUBAQEBAQEAAAAAAAAAAAECAwQFBgcICQoL/8QAtRAAAgEDAwIEAwUFBAQAAAF9AQIDAAQR
754 BRIhMUEGE1FhByJxFDKBkaEII0KxwRVS0fAkM2JyggkKFhcYGRolJicoKSo0NTY3ODk6Q0RF
755 RkdISUpTVFVWV1hZWmNkZWZnaGlqc3R1dnd4eXqDhIWGh4iJipKTlJWWl5iZmqKjpKWmp6ip
756 qrKztLW2t7i5usLDxMXGx8jJytLT1NXW19jZ2uHi4+Tl5ufo6erx8vP09fb3+Pn6/9oACAEB
757 AAA/AO/rifFHjldNuGsrDa0qcSSHkA+gHrXKw+LtWLrMb+RgTyhbr+HSug07xNqV9fQtZrNI
758 AyiaE/NuBPOOOP0rvRNE880KOC8TbXXGCv1FPqjrF4LDR7u5L7SkTFT/ALWOP1xXgTuXfc7E
759 sx6nua6rwp4IvvEM8chCxWxOdzn7wz6V9AaB4S07w9p5itow0rDLSY5Pt9K43xO66P4xs71m
760 2QXiGCbA4yOVJ9+1aYORkdK434lyNH4ahCnG66VT9Nj15JFbPdX0MS43M4VQf5/yr2vSpLnw
761 5ZW8dlCZ8KFXjOPX0/mK6rSPEGt3Angu44fNEReHYNvIH3TzXDeKNO8RX+kSX2ouZkicTIOc
762 L+g7E810ulFjpVtv3bwgB3HJyK5L4quY/C9sVxk3ij/xx6850u7t1mtp/wDlpEw3An3Jr3Dw
763 34gsbWza4nBlhC5LDsaW6+IFgupQyCF3iHH7gA7c9R9ay7zx6t7aX9jHC4smhfBkGCvHGfrm
764 tLQ7hbnRrV1GPkAP1x1/Hr+Ncr8Vzjwrbf8AX6v/AKA9eQRyYlQk8Yx9K6XTNbkgia2ciSIn
765 7p5Ga9Atte0LTLKO6it4i7dVRFJDcZ4PvXN+JvEMF9bILVGXJLSZ4zkjivRPDaeX4b08HOTC
766 pOffmua+KkbS+GLVUGT9tT/0B68eeIpIFYjB70+OOVXyoOM9+M1eaWeCLzHPyHGO/NVWvJJm
767 jQ8KGH1NfQWhXSXmh2c8eArRLwO3HSv/2Q==
770 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="==-=-="
776 This is a plain text part.
779 Content-Type: text/enriched;
783 <center>This is a centered enriched part</center>
789 This is a new plain text part.
792 Content-Disposition: attachment
795 This plain text part is an attachment.
800 @node Encoding Customization
801 @section Encoding Customization
805 @item mm-body-charset-encoding-alist
806 @vindex mm-body-charset-encoding-alist
807 Mapping from @acronym{MIME} charset to encoding to use. This variable is
808 usually used except, e.g., when other requirements force a specific
809 encoding (digitally signed messages require 7bit encodings). The
813 ((iso-2022-jp . 7bit)
814 (iso-2022-jp-2 . 7bit)
820 As an example, if you do not want to have ISO-8859-1 characters
821 quoted-printable encoded, you may add @code{(iso-8859-1 . 8bit)} to
822 this variable. You can override this setting on a per-message basis
823 by using the @code{encoding} @acronym{MML} tag (@pxref{MML Definition}).
825 @item mm-coding-system-priorities
826 @vindex mm-coding-system-priorities
827 Prioritize coding systems to use for outgoing messages. The default
828 is @code{nil}, which means to use the defaults in Emacs. It is a list of
829 coding system symbols (aliases of coding systems are also allowed, use
830 @kbd{M-x describe-coding-system} to make sure you are specifying correct
831 coding system names). For example, if you have configured Emacs
832 to prefer UTF-8, but wish that outgoing messages should be sent in
833 ISO-8859-1 if possible, you can set this variable to
834 @code{(iso-8859-1)}. You can override this setting on a per-message
835 basis by using the @code{charset} @acronym{MML} tag (@pxref{MML Definition}).
837 @item mm-content-transfer-encoding-defaults
838 @vindex mm-content-transfer-encoding-defaults
839 Mapping from @acronym{MIME} types to encoding to use. This variable is usually
840 used except, e.g., when other requirements force a safer encoding
841 (digitally signed messages require 7bit encoding). Besides the normal
842 @acronym{MIME} encodings, @code{qp-or-base64} may be used to indicate that for
843 each case the most efficient of quoted-printable and base64 should be
846 @code{qp-or-base64} has another effect. It will fold long lines so that
847 MIME parts may not be broken by MTA. So do @code{quoted-printable} and
850 Note that it affects body encoding only when a part is a raw forwarded
851 message (which will be made by @code{gnus-summary-mail-forward} with the
852 arg 2 for example) or is neither the @samp{text/*} type nor the
853 @samp{message/*} type. Even though in those cases, you can override
854 this setting on a per-message basis by using the @code{encoding}
855 @acronym{MML} tag (@pxref{MML Definition}).
857 @item mm-use-ultra-safe-encoding
858 @vindex mm-use-ultra-safe-encoding
859 When this is non-@code{nil}, it means that textual parts are encoded as
860 quoted-printable if they contain lines longer than 76 characters or
861 starting with "From " in the body. Non-7bit encodings (8bit, binary)
862 are generally disallowed. This reduce the probability that a non-8bit
863 clean MTA or MDA changes the message. This should never be set
864 directly, but bound by other functions when necessary (e.g., when
865 encoding messages that are to be digitally signed).
869 @node Charset Translation
870 @section Charset Translation
873 During translation from @acronym{MML} to @acronym{MIME}, for each
874 @acronym{MIME} part which has been composed inside Emacs, an appropriate
875 charset has to be chosen.
877 @vindex mail-parse-charset
878 If you are running a non-@sc{mule} Emacs, this process is simple: If the
879 part contains any non-@acronym{ASCII} (8-bit) characters, the @acronym{MIME} charset
880 given by @code{mail-parse-charset} (a symbol) is used. (Never set this
881 variable directly, though. If you want to change the default charset,
882 please consult the documentation of the package which you use to process
883 @acronym{MIME} messages.
884 @xref{Various Message Variables, , Various Message Variables, message,
885 Message Manual}, for example.)
886 If there are only @acronym{ASCII} characters, the @acronym{MIME} charset US-ASCII is
892 @vindex mm-mime-mule-charset-alist
893 Things are slightly more complicated when running Emacs with @sc{mule}
894 support. In this case, a list of the @sc{mule} charsets used in the
895 part is obtained, and the @sc{mule} charsets are translated to @acronym{MIME}
896 charsets by consulting the variable @code{mm-mime-mule-charset-alist}.
897 If this results in a single @acronym{MIME} charset, this is used to encode
898 the part. But if the resulting list of @acronym{MIME} charsets contains more
899 than one element, two things can happen: If it is possible to encode the
900 part via UTF-8, this charset is used. (For this, Emacs must support
901 the @code{utf-8} coding system, and the part must consist entirely of
902 characters which have Unicode counterparts.) If UTF-8 is not available
903 for some reason, the part is split into several ones, so that each one
904 can be encoded with a single @acronym{MIME} charset. The part can only be
905 split at line boundaries, though---if more than one @acronym{MIME} charset is
906 required to encode a single line, it is not possible to encode the part.
908 When running Emacs with @sc{mule} support, the preferences for which
909 coding system to use is inherited from Emacs itself. This means that
910 if Emacs is set up to prefer UTF-8, it will be used when encoding
911 messages. You can modify this by altering the
912 @code{mm-coding-system-priorities} variable though (@pxref{Encoding
915 The charset to be used can be overridden by setting the @code{charset}
916 @acronym{MML} tag (@pxref{MML Definition}) when composing the message.
918 The encoding of characters (quoted-printable, 8bit etc) is orthogonal
919 to the discussion here, and is controlled by the variables
920 @code{mm-body-charset-encoding-alist} and
921 @code{mm-content-transfer-encoding-defaults} (@pxref{Encoding
928 A (multipart) @acronym{MIME} message can be converted to @acronym{MML}
929 with the @code{mime-to-mml} function. It works on the message in the
930 current buffer, and substitutes @acronym{MML} markup for @acronym{MIME}
931 boundaries. Non-textual parts do not have their contents in the buffer,
932 but instead have the contents in separate buffers that are referred to
933 from the @acronym{MML} tags.
936 An @acronym{MML} message can be converted back to @acronym{MIME} by the
937 @code{mml-to-mime} function.
939 These functions are in certain senses ``lossy''---you will not get back
940 an identical message if you run @code{mime-to-mml} and then
941 @code{mml-to-mime}. Not only will trivial things like the order of the
942 headers differ, but the contents of the headers may also be different.
943 For instance, the original message may use base64 encoding on text,
944 while @code{mml-to-mime} may decide to use quoted-printable encoding, and
947 In essence, however, these two functions should be the inverse of each
948 other. The resulting contents of the message should remain equivalent,
954 @cindex format=flowed
956 The Emacs @acronym{MIME} library will respect the @code{use-hard-newlines}
957 variable (@pxref{Hard and Soft Newlines, ,Hard and Soft Newlines,
958 emacs, Emacs Manual}) when encoding a message, and the
959 ``format=flowed'' Content-Type parameter when decoding a message.
961 On encoding text, regardless of @code{use-hard-newlines}, lines
962 terminated by soft newline characters are filled together and wrapped
963 after the column decided by @code{fill-flowed-encode-column}.
964 Quotation marks (matching @samp{^>* ?}) are respected. The variable
965 controls how the text will look in a client that does not support
966 flowed text, the default is to wrap after 66 characters. If hard
967 newline characters are not present in the buffer, no flow encoding
970 On decoding flowed text, lines with soft newline characters are filled
971 together and wrapped after the column decided by
972 @code{fill-flowed-display-column}. The default is to wrap after
977 @vindex mm-fill-flowed
978 If non-@code{nil} a format=flowed article will be displayed flowed.
982 @node Interface Functions
983 @chapter Interface Functions
984 @cindex interface functions
987 The @code{mail-parse} library is an abstraction over the actual
988 low-level libraries that are described in the next chapter.
990 Standards change, and so programs have to change to fit in the new
991 mold. For instance, RFC2045 describes a syntax for the
992 @code{Content-Type} header that only allows @acronym{ASCII} characters in the
993 parameter list. RFC2231 expands on RFC2045 syntax to provide a scheme
994 for continuation headers and non-@acronym{ASCII} characters.
996 The traditional way to deal with this is just to update the library
997 functions to parse the new syntax. However, this is sometimes the wrong
998 thing to do. In some instances it may be vital to be able to understand
999 both the old syntax as well as the new syntax, and if there is only one
1000 library, one must choose between the old version of the library and the
1001 new version of the library.
1003 The Emacs @acronym{MIME} library takes a different tack. It defines a
1004 series of low-level libraries (@file{rfc2047.el}, @file{rfc2231.el}
1005 and so on) that parses strictly according to the corresponding
1006 standard. However, normal programs would not use the functions
1007 provided by these libraries directly, but instead use the functions
1008 provided by the @code{mail-parse} library. The functions in this
1009 library are just aliases to the corresponding functions in the latest
1010 low-level libraries. Using this scheme, programs get a consistent
1011 interface they can use, and library developers are free to create
1012 write code that handles new standards.
1014 The following functions are defined by this library:
1017 @item mail-header-parse-content-type
1018 @findex mail-header-parse-content-type
1019 Parse a @code{Content-Type} header and return a list on the following
1024 (attribute1 . value1)
1025 (attribute2 . value2)
1032 (mail-header-parse-content-type
1033 "image/gif; name=\"b980912.gif\"")
1034 @result{} ("image/gif" (name . "b980912.gif"))
1037 @item mail-header-parse-content-disposition
1038 @findex mail-header-parse-content-disposition
1039 Parse a @code{Content-Disposition} header and return a list on the same
1040 format as the function above.
1042 @item mail-content-type-get
1043 @findex mail-content-type-get
1044 Takes two parameters---a list on the format above, and an attribute.
1045 Returns the value of the attribute.
1048 (mail-content-type-get
1049 '("image/gif" (name . "b980912.gif")) 'name)
1050 @result{} "b980912.gif"
1053 @item mail-header-encode-parameter
1054 @findex mail-header-encode-parameter
1055 Takes a parameter string and returns an encoded version of the string.
1056 This is used for parameters in headers like @code{Content-Type} and
1057 @code{Content-Disposition}.
1059 @item mail-header-remove-comments
1060 @findex mail-header-remove-comments
1061 Return a comment-free version of a header.
1064 (mail-header-remove-comments
1065 "Gnus/5.070027 (Pterodactyl Gnus v0.27) (Finnish Landrace)")
1066 @result{} "Gnus/5.070027 "
1069 @item mail-header-remove-whitespace
1070 @findex mail-header-remove-whitespace
1071 Remove linear white space from a header. Space inside quoted strings
1072 and comments is preserved.
1075 (mail-header-remove-whitespace
1076 "image/gif; name=\"Name with spaces\"")
1077 @result{} "image/gif;name=\"Name with spaces\""
1080 @item mail-header-get-comment
1081 @findex mail-header-get-comment
1082 Return the last comment in a header.
1085 (mail-header-get-comment
1086 "Gnus/5.070027 (Pterodactyl Gnus v0.27) (Finnish Landrace)")
1087 @result{} "Finnish Landrace"
1090 @item mail-header-parse-address
1091 @findex mail-header-parse-address
1092 Parse an address and return a list containing the mailbox and the
1096 (mail-header-parse-address
1097 "Hrvoje Niksic <hniksic@@srce.hr>")
1098 @result{} ("hniksic@@srce.hr" . "Hrvoje Niksic")
1101 @item mail-header-parse-addresses
1102 @findex mail-header-parse-addresses
1103 Parse a string with list of addresses and return a list of elements like
1104 the one described above.
1107 (mail-header-parse-addresses
1108 "Hrvoje Niksic <hniksic@@srce.hr>, Steinar Bang <sb@@metis.no>")
1109 @result{} (("hniksic@@srce.hr" . "Hrvoje Niksic")
1110 ("sb@@metis.no" . "Steinar Bang"))
1113 @item mail-header-parse-date
1114 @findex mail-header-parse-date
1115 Parse a date string and return an Emacs time structure.
1117 @item mail-narrow-to-head
1118 @findex mail-narrow-to-head
1119 Narrow the buffer to the header section of the buffer. Point is placed
1120 at the beginning of the narrowed buffer.
1122 @item mail-header-narrow-to-field
1123 @findex mail-header-narrow-to-field
1124 Narrow the buffer to the header under point. Understands continuation
1127 @item mail-header-fold-field
1128 @findex mail-header-fold-field
1129 Fold the header under point.
1131 @item mail-header-unfold-field
1132 @findex mail-header-unfold-field
1133 Unfold the header under point.
1135 @item mail-header-field-value
1136 @findex mail-header-field-value
1137 Return the value of the field under point.
1139 @item mail-encode-encoded-word-region
1140 @findex mail-encode-encoded-word-region
1141 Encode the non-@acronym{ASCII} words in the region. For instance,
1142 @samp{Na@"{@dotless{i}}ve} is encoded as @samp{=?iso-8859-1?q?Na=EFve?=}.
1144 @item mail-encode-encoded-word-buffer
1145 @findex mail-encode-encoded-word-buffer
1146 Encode the non-@acronym{ASCII} words in the current buffer. This function is
1147 meant to be called narrowed to the headers of a message.
1149 @item mail-encode-encoded-word-string
1150 @findex mail-encode-encoded-word-string
1151 Encode the words that need encoding in a string, and return the result.
1154 (mail-encode-encoded-word-string
1155 "This is na@"{@dotless{i}}ve, baby")
1156 @result{} "This is =?iso-8859-1?q?na=EFve,?= baby"
1159 @item mail-decode-encoded-word-region
1160 @findex mail-decode-encoded-word-region
1161 Decode the encoded words in the region.
1163 @item mail-decode-encoded-word-string
1164 @findex mail-decode-encoded-word-string
1165 Decode the encoded words in the string and return the result.
1168 (mail-decode-encoded-word-string
1169 "This is =?iso-8859-1?q?na=EFve,?= baby")
1170 @result{} "This is na@"{@dotless{i}}ve, baby"
1175 Currently, @code{mail-parse} is an abstraction over @code{ietf-drums},
1176 @code{rfc2047}, @code{rfc2045} and @code{rfc2231}. These are documented
1177 in the subsequent sections.
1181 @node Basic Functions
1182 @chapter Basic Functions
1184 This chapter describes the basic, ground-level functions for parsing and
1185 handling. Covered here is parsing @code{From} lines, removing comments
1186 from header lines, decoding encoded words, parsing date headers and so
1187 on. High-level functionality is dealt with in the next chapter
1188 (@pxref{Decoding and Viewing}).
1191 * rfc2045:: Encoding @code{Content-Type} headers.
1192 * rfc2231:: Parsing @code{Content-Type} headers.
1193 * ietf-drums:: Handling mail headers defined by RFC822bis.
1194 * rfc2047:: En/decoding encoded words in headers.
1195 * time-date:: Functions for parsing dates and manipulating time.
1196 * qp:: Quoted-Printable en/decoding.
1197 * base64:: Base64 en/decoding.
1198 * binhex:: Binhex decoding.
1199 * uudecode:: Uuencode decoding.
1200 * yenc:: Yenc decoding.
1201 * rfc1843:: Decoding HZ-encoded text.
1202 * mailcap:: How parts are displayed is specified by the @file{.mailcap} file
1209 RFC2045 is the ``main'' @acronym{MIME} document, and as such, one would
1210 imagine that there would be a lot to implement. But there isn't, since
1211 most of the implementation details are delegated to the subsequent
1214 So @file{rfc2045.el} has only a single function:
1217 @item rfc2045-encode-string
1218 @findex rfc2045-encode-string
1219 Takes a parameter and a value and returns a @samp{PARAM=VALUE} string.
1220 @var{value} will be quoted if there are non-safe characters in it.
1227 RFC2231 defines a syntax for the @code{Content-Type} and
1228 @code{Content-Disposition} headers. Its snappy name is @dfn{MIME
1229 Parameter Value and Encoded Word Extensions: Character Sets, Languages,
1232 In short, these headers look something like this:
1235 Content-Type: application/x-stuff;
1236 title*0*=us-ascii'en'This%20is%20even%20more%20;
1237 title*1*=%2A%2A%2Afun%2A%2A%2A%20;
1241 They usually aren't this bad, though.
1243 The following functions are defined by this library:
1246 @item rfc2231-parse-string
1247 @findex rfc2231-parse-string
1248 Parse a @code{Content-Type} header and return a list describing its
1252 (rfc2231-parse-string
1253 "application/x-stuff;
1254 title*0*=us-ascii'en'This%20is%20even%20more%20;
1255 title*1*=%2A%2A%2Afun%2A%2A%2A%20;
1256 title*2=\"isn't it!\"")
1257 @result{} ("application/x-stuff"
1258 (title . "This is even more ***fun*** isn't it!"))
1261 @item rfc2231-get-value
1262 @findex rfc2231-get-value
1263 Takes one of the lists on the format above and returns
1264 the value of the specified attribute.
1266 @item rfc2231-encode-string
1267 @findex rfc2231-encode-string
1268 Encode a parameter in headers likes @code{Content-Type} and
1269 @code{Content-Disposition}.
1277 @dfn{drums} is an IETF working group that is working on the replacement
1280 The functions provided by this library include:
1283 @item ietf-drums-remove-comments
1284 @findex ietf-drums-remove-comments
1285 Remove the comments from the argument and return the results.
1287 @item ietf-drums-remove-whitespace
1288 @findex ietf-drums-remove-whitespace
1289 Remove linear white space from the string and return the results.
1290 Spaces inside quoted strings and comments are left untouched.
1292 @item ietf-drums-get-comment
1293 @findex ietf-drums-get-comment
1294 Return the last most comment from the string.
1296 @item ietf-drums-parse-address
1297 @findex ietf-drums-parse-address
1298 Parse an address string and return a list that contains the mailbox and
1299 the plain text name.
1301 @item ietf-drums-parse-addresses
1302 @findex ietf-drums-parse-addresses
1303 Parse a string that contains any number of comma-separated addresses and
1304 return a list that contains mailbox/plain text pairs.
1306 @item ietf-drums-parse-date
1307 @findex ietf-drums-parse-date
1308 Parse a date string and return an Emacs time structure.
1310 @item ietf-drums-narrow-to-header
1311 @findex ietf-drums-narrow-to-header
1312 Narrow the buffer to the header section of the current buffer.
1320 RFC2047 (Message Header Extensions for Non-@acronym{ASCII} Text) specifies how
1321 non-@acronym{ASCII} text in headers are to be encoded. This is actually rather
1322 complicated, so a number of variables are necessary to tweak what this
1325 The following variables are tweakable:
1328 @item rfc2047-header-encoding-alist
1329 @vindex rfc2047-header-encoding-alist
1330 This is an alist of header / encoding-type pairs. Its main purpose is
1331 to prevent encoding of certain headers.
1333 The keys can either be header regexps, or @code{t}.
1335 The values can be @code{nil}, in which case the header(s) in question
1336 won't be encoded, @code{mime}, which means that they will be encoded, or
1337 @code{address-mime}, which means the header(s) will be encoded carefully
1338 assuming they contain addresses.
1340 @item rfc2047-charset-encoding-alist
1341 @vindex rfc2047-charset-encoding-alist
1342 RFC2047 specifies two forms of encoding---@code{Q} (a
1343 Quoted-Printable-like encoding) and @code{B} (base64). This alist
1344 specifies which charset should use which encoding.
1346 @item rfc2047-encode-function-alist
1347 @vindex rfc2047-encode-function-alist
1348 This is an alist of encoding / function pairs. The encodings are
1349 @code{Q}, @code{B} and @code{nil}.
1351 @item rfc2047-encoded-word-regexp
1352 @vindex rfc2047-encoded-word-regexp
1353 When decoding words, this library looks for matches to this regexp.
1355 @item rfc2047-encode-encoded-words
1356 @vindex rfc2047-encode-encoded-words
1357 The boolean variable specifies whether encoded words
1358 (e.g. @samp{=?hello?=}) should be encoded again.
1362 Those were the variables, and these are this functions:
1365 @item rfc2047-narrow-to-field
1366 @findex rfc2047-narrow-to-field
1367 Narrow the buffer to the header on the current line.
1369 @item rfc2047-encode-message-header
1370 @findex rfc2047-encode-message-header
1371 Should be called narrowed to the header of a message. Encodes according
1372 to @code{rfc2047-header-encoding-alist}.
1374 @item rfc2047-encode-region
1375 @findex rfc2047-encode-region
1376 Encodes all encodable words in the region specified.
1378 @item rfc2047-encode-string
1379 @findex rfc2047-encode-string
1380 Encode a string and return the results.
1382 @item rfc2047-decode-region
1383 @findex rfc2047-decode-region
1384 Decode the encoded words in the region.
1386 @item rfc2047-decode-string
1387 @findex rfc2047-decode-string
1388 Decode a string and return the results.
1390 @item rfc2047-encode-parameter
1391 @findex rfc2047-encode-parameter
1392 Encode a parameter in the RFC2047-like style. This is a replacement for
1393 the @code{rfc2231-encode-string} function. @xref{rfc2231}.
1395 When attaching files as @acronym{MIME} parts, we should use the RFC2231
1396 encoding to specify the file names containing non-@acronym{ASCII}
1397 characters. However, many mail softwares don't support it in practice
1398 and recipients won't be able to extract files with correct names.
1399 Instead, the RFC2047-like encoding is acceptable generally. This
1400 function provides the very RFC2047-like encoding, resigning to such a
1401 regrettable trend. To use it, put the following line in your
1402 @file{~/.gnus.el} file:
1405 (defalias 'mail-header-encode-parameter 'rfc2047-encode-parameter)
1414 While not really a part of the @acronym{MIME} library, it is convenient to
1415 document this library here. It deals with parsing @code{Date} headers
1416 and manipulating time. (Not by using tesseracts, though, I'm sorry to
1419 These functions convert between five formats: A date string, an Emacs
1420 time structure, a decoded time list, a second number, and a day number.
1422 Here's a bunch of time/date/second/day examples:
1425 (parse-time-string "Sat Sep 12 12:21:54 1998 +0200")
1426 @result{} (54 21 12 12 9 1998 6 nil 7200)
1428 (date-to-time "Sat Sep 12 12:21:54 1998 +0200")
1429 @result{} (13818 19266)
1431 (time-to-seconds '(13818 19266))
1432 @result{} 905595714.0
1434 (seconds-to-time 905595714.0)
1435 @result{} (13818 19266 0)
1437 (time-to-days '(13818 19266))
1440 (days-to-time 729644)
1441 @result{} (961933 65536)
1443 (time-since '(13818 19266))
1446 (time-less-p '(13818 19266) '(13818 19145))
1449 (subtract-time '(13818 19266) '(13818 19145))
1452 (days-between "Sat Sep 12 12:21:54 1998 +0200"
1453 "Sat Sep 07 12:21:54 1998 +0200")
1456 (date-leap-year-p 2000)
1459 (time-to-day-in-year '(13818 19266))
1462 (time-to-number-of-days
1464 (date-to-time "Mon, 01 Jan 2001 02:22:26 GMT")))
1465 @result{} 4.146122685185185
1468 And finally, we have @code{safe-date-to-time}, which does the same as
1469 @code{date-to-time}, but returns a zero time if the date is
1470 syntactically malformed.
1472 The five data representations used are the following:
1476 An RFC822 (or similar) date string. For instance: @code{"Sat Sep 12
1477 12:21:54 1998 +0200"}.
1480 An internal Emacs time. For instance: @code{(13818 26466)}.
1483 A floating point representation of the internal Emacs time. For
1484 instance: @code{905595714.0}.
1487 An integer number representing the number of days since 00000101. For
1488 instance: @code{729644}.
1491 A list of decoded time. For instance: @code{(54 21 12 12 9 1998 6 t
1495 All the examples above represent the same moment.
1497 These are the functions available:
1501 Take a date and return a time.
1503 @item time-to-seconds
1504 Take a time and return seconds.
1506 @item seconds-to-time
1507 Take seconds and return a time.
1510 Take a time and return days.
1513 Take days and return a time.
1516 Take a date and return days.
1518 @item time-to-number-of-days
1519 Take a time and return the number of days that represents.
1521 @item safe-date-to-time
1522 Take a date and return a time. If the date is not syntactically valid,
1523 return a ``zero'' date.
1526 Take two times and say whether the first time is less (i. e., earlier)
1527 than the second time.
1530 Take a time and return a time saying how long it was since that time.
1533 Take two times and subtract the second from the first. I. e., return
1534 the time between the two times.
1537 Take two days and return the number of days between those two days.
1539 @item date-leap-year-p
1540 Take a year number and say whether it's a leap year.
1542 @item time-to-day-in-year
1543 Take a time and return the day number within the year that the time is
1552 This library deals with decoding and encoding Quoted-Printable text.
1554 Very briefly explained, qp encoding means translating all 8-bit
1555 characters (and lots of control characters) into things that look like
1556 @samp{=EF}; that is, an equal sign followed by the byte encoded as a hex
1559 The following functions are defined by the library:
1562 @item quoted-printable-decode-region
1563 @findex quoted-printable-decode-region
1564 QP-decode all the encoded text in the specified region.
1566 @item quoted-printable-decode-string
1567 @findex quoted-printable-decode-string
1568 Decode the QP-encoded text in a string and return the results.
1570 @item quoted-printable-encode-region
1571 @findex quoted-printable-encode-region
1572 QP-encode all the encodable characters in the specified region. The third
1573 optional parameter @var{fold} specifies whether to fold long lines.
1574 (Long here means 72.)
1576 @item quoted-printable-encode-string
1577 @findex quoted-printable-encode-string
1578 QP-encode all the encodable characters in a string and return the
1588 Base64 is an encoding that encodes three bytes into four characters,
1589 thereby increasing the size by about 33%. The alphabet used for
1590 encoding is very resistant to mangling during transit.
1592 The following functions are defined by this library:
1595 @item base64-encode-region
1596 @findex base64-encode-region
1597 base64 encode the selected region. Return the length of the encoded
1598 text. Optional third argument @var{no-line-break} means do not break
1599 long lines into shorter lines.
1601 @item base64-encode-string
1602 @findex base64-encode-string
1603 base64 encode a string and return the result.
1605 @item base64-decode-region
1606 @findex base64-decode-region
1607 base64 decode the selected region. Return the length of the decoded
1608 text. If the region can't be decoded, return @code{nil} and don't
1611 @item base64-decode-string
1612 @findex base64-decode-string
1613 base64 decode a string and return the result. If the string can't be
1614 decoded, @code{nil} is returned.
1625 @code{binhex} is an encoding that originated in Macintosh environments.
1626 The following function is supplied to deal with these:
1629 @item binhex-decode-region
1630 @findex binhex-decode-region
1631 Decode the encoded text in the region. If given a third parameter, only
1632 decode the @code{binhex} header and return the filename.
1641 @code{uuencode} is probably still the most popular encoding of binaries
1642 used on Usenet, although @code{base64} rules the mail world.
1644 The following function is supplied by this package:
1647 @item uudecode-decode-region
1648 @findex uudecode-decode-region
1649 Decode the text in the region.
1657 @code{yenc} is used for encoding binaries on Usenet. The following
1658 function is supplied by this package:
1661 @item yenc-decode-region
1662 @findex yenc-decode-region
1663 Decode the encoded text in the region.
1674 RFC1843 deals with mixing Chinese and @acronym{ASCII} characters in messages. In
1675 essence, RFC1843 switches between @acronym{ASCII} and Chinese by doing this:
1678 This sentence is in @acronym{ASCII}.
1679 The next sentence is in GB.~@{<:Ky2;S@{#,NpJ)l6HK!#~@}Bye.
1682 Simple enough, and widely used in China.
1684 The following functions are available to handle this encoding:
1687 @item rfc1843-decode-region
1688 Decode HZ-encoded text in the region.
1690 @item rfc1843-decode-string
1691 Decode a HZ-encoded string and return the result.
1699 The @file{~/.mailcap} file is parsed by most @acronym{MIME}-aware message
1700 handlers and describes how elements are supposed to be displayed.
1701 Here's an example file:
1705 audio/wav; wavplayer %s
1706 application/msword; catdoc %s ; copiousoutput ; nametemplate=%s.doc
1709 This says that all image files should be displayed with @code{gimp},
1710 that WAVE audio files should be played by @code{wavplayer}, and that
1711 MS-WORD files should be inlined by @code{catdoc}.
1713 The @code{mailcap} library parses this file, and provides functions for
1717 @item mailcap-mime-data
1718 @vindex mailcap-mime-data
1719 This variable is an alist of alists containing backup viewing rules.
1723 Interface functions:
1726 @item mailcap-parse-mailcaps
1727 @findex mailcap-parse-mailcaps
1728 Parse the @file{~/.mailcap} file.
1730 @item mailcap-mime-info
1731 Takes a @acronym{MIME} type as its argument and returns the matching viewer.
1741 The Emacs @acronym{MIME} library implements handling of various elements
1742 according to a (somewhat) large number of RFCs, drafts and standards
1743 documents. This chapter lists the relevant ones. They can all be
1744 fetched from @uref{http://quimby.gnus.org/notes/}.
1749 Standard for the Format of ARPA Internet Text Messages.
1752 Standard for Interchange of USENET Messages
1755 Format of Internet Message Bodies
1761 Message Header Extensions for Non-@acronym{ASCII} Text
1764 Registration Procedures
1767 Conformance Criteria and Examples
1770 @acronym{MIME} Parameter Value and Encoded Word Extensions: Character Sets,
1771 Languages, and Continuations
1774 HZ - A Data Format for Exchanging Files of Arbitrarily Mixed Chinese and
1775 @acronym{ASCII} characters
1777 @item draft-ietf-drums-msg-fmt-05.txt
1778 Draft for the successor of RFC822
1781 The @acronym{MIME} Multipart/Related Content-type
1784 The Multipart/Report Content Type for the Reporting of Mail System
1785 Administrative Messages
1788 Communicating Presentation Information in Internet Messages: The
1789 Content-Disposition Header Field
1792 Documentation of the text/plain format parameter for flowed text.
1806 @c coding: iso-2022-7bit
1809 @c use-kuten-for-period: t
1810 @c use-touten-for-comma: t