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INFO-DIR-SECTION XEmacs Editor
START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
* FAQ: (xemacs-faq).            XEmacs FAQ.
END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY

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File: xemacs-faq.info,  Node: Q3.2.1,  Next: Q3.2.2,  Prev: Q3.1.8,  Up: Customization

3.2: Textual Fonts & Colors
===========================

Q3.2.1: How can I set color options from `.emacs'?
--------------------------------------------------

   How can I set the most commonly used color options from my `.emacs'
instead of from my `.Xdefaults'?

   Like this:

     (set-face-background 'default      "bisque") ; frame background
     (set-face-foreground 'default      "black") ; normal text
     (set-face-background 'zmacs-region "red") ; When selecting w/
                                             ; mouse
     (set-face-foreground 'zmacs-region "yellow")
     (set-face-font       'default      "*courier-bold-r*120-100-100*")
     (set-face-background 'highlight    "blue") ; Ie when selecting
                                             ; buffers
     (set-face-foreground 'highlight    "yellow")
     (set-face-background 'modeline     "blue") ; Line at bottom
                                             ; of buffer
     (set-face-foreground 'modeline     "white")
     (set-face-font       'modeline     "*bold-r-normal*140-100-100*")
     (set-face-background 'isearch      "yellow") ; When highlighting
                                             ; while searching
     (set-face-foreground 'isearch      "red")
     (setq x-pointer-foreground-color   "black") ; Adds to bg color,
                                             ; so keep black
     (setq x-pointer-background-color   "blue") ; This is color
                                             ; you really
                                             ; want ptr/crsr

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Q3.2.2: How do I set the text, menu and modeline fonts?
-------------------------------------------------------

   Note that you should use `Emacs.' and not `Emacs*' when setting face
values.

   In `.Xdefaults':

     Emacs.default.attributeFont:  -*-*-medium-r-*-*-*-120-*-*-m-*-*-*
     Emacs*menubar*font:           fixed
     Emacs.modeline.attributeFont: fixed

   This is confusing because modeline is a face, and can be found listed
with all faces in the current mode by using `M-x set-face-font (enter)
?'.  It uses the face specification of `attributeFont', while menubar
is a normal X thing that uses the specification `font'.  With Motif it
may be necessary to use `fontList' instead of `font'.

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Q3.2.3: How can I set the colors when highlighting a region?
------------------------------------------------------------

   How can I set the background/foreground colors when highlighting a
region?

   You can change the face `zmacs-region' either in your `.Xdefaults':

     Emacs.zmacs-region.attributeForeground: firebrick
     Emacs.zmacs-region.attributeBackground: lightseagreen

   or in your `.emacs':

     (set-face-background 'zmacs-region "red")
     (set-face-foreground 'zmacs-region "yellow")

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Q3.2.4: How can I limit color map usage?
----------------------------------------

   I'm using Netscape (or another color grabber like XEmacs); is there
anyway to limit the number of available colors in the color map?

   XEmacs 19.13 didn't have such a mechanism (unlike netscape, or other
color-hogs).  One solution is to start XEmacs prior to netscape, since
this will prevent Netscape from grabbing all colors (but Netscape will
complain).  You can use the flags for Netscape, like -mono, -ncols <#>
or -install (for mono, limiting to <#> colors, or for using a private
color map).  Since Netscape will take the entire colormap and never
release it, the only reasonable way to run it is with `-install'.

   If you have the money, another solution would be to use a truecolor
or direct color video.

   Starting with XEmacs 19.14, XEmacs uses the closest available color
if the colormap is full, so it's O.K. now to start Netscape first.

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Q3.2.5: My tty supports color, but XEmacs doesn't use them.
-----------------------------------------------------------

   XEmacs tries to automatically determine whether your tty supports
color, but sometimes guesses wrong.  In that case, you can make XEmacs
Do The Right Thing using this Lisp code:

     (if (eq 'tty (device-type))
         (set-device-class nil 'color))

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Q3.2.6: Can I have pixmap backgrounds in XEmacs?
------------------------------------------------

   Juan Villacis <jvillaci@wahnsinnig.extreme.indiana.edu> writes:

     There are several ways to do it.  For example, you could specify a
     default pixmap image to use in your `~/.Xresources', e.g.,

            Emacs*EmacsFrame.default.attributeBackgroundPixmap: /path/to/image.xpm

     and then reload ~/.Xresources and restart XEmacs.  Alternatively,
     since each face can have its own pixmap background, a better way
     would be to set a face's pixmap within your XEmacs init file, e.g.,

            (set-face-background-pixmap 'default "/path/to/image.xpm")
            (set-face-background-pixmap 'bold    "/path/to/another_image.xpm")

     and so on.  You can also do this interactively via `M-x
     edit-faces'.


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3.3: The Modeline
=================

Q3.3.1: How can I make the modeline go away?
--------------------------------------------

     (set-specifier has-modeline-p nil)

   Starting with XEmacs 19.14 the modeline responds to mouse clicks, so
if you haven't liked or used the modeline in the past, you might want to
try the new version out.

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Q3.3.2: How do you have XEmacs display the line number in the modeline?
-----------------------------------------------------------------------

   Add the following line to your `.emacs' file to display the line
number:

     (line-number-mode 1)

   Use the following to display the column number:

     (column-number-mode 1)

   Or select from the `Options' menu
`Customize->Emacs->Editing->Basics->Line Number Mode' and/or
`Customize->Emacs->Editing->Basics->Column Number Mode'

   Or type `M-x customize <RET> editing-basics <RET>'.

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Q3.3.3: How do I get XEmacs to put the time of day on the modeline?
-------------------------------------------------------------------

   Add the following line to your `.emacs' file to display the time:

     (display-time)

   See `Customize' from the `Options' menu for customization.

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Q3.3.4: How do I turn off current chapter from AUC TeX modeline?
----------------------------------------------------------------

   With AUC TeX, fast typing is hard because the current chapter,
section etc. are given in the modeline.  How can I turn this off?

   It's not AUC TeX, it comes from `func-menu' in `func-menu.el'.  Add
this code to your `.emacs' to turn it off:

     (setq fume-display-in-modeline-p nil)

   Or just add a hook to `TeX-mode-hook' to turn it off only for TeX
mode:

     (add-hook 'TeX-mode-hook
               '(lambda () (setq fume-display-in-modeline-p nil)))

   David Hughes <dhughes@origin-at.co.uk> writes:

     If you have 19.14 or later, try this instead; you'll still get the
     function name displayed in the modeline, but it won't attempt to
     keep track when you modify the file. To refresh when it gets out
     of synch, you simply need click on the `Rescan Buffer' option in
     the function-menu.

          (setq-default fume-auto-rescan-buffer-p nil)

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Q3.3.5: How can one change the modeline color based on the mode used?
---------------------------------------------------------------------

   You can use something like the following:

     (add-hook 'lisp-mode-hook
               (lambda ()
                 (set-face-background 'modeline "red" (current-buffer))))

   Then, when editing a Lisp file (i.e. when in Lisp mode), the modeline
colors change from the default set in your `.emacs'.  The change will
only be made in the buffer you just entered (which contains the Lisp
file you are editing) and will not affect the modeline colors anywhere
else.

   Notes:

   * The hook is the mode name plus `-hook'.  eg. c-mode-hook,
     c++-mode-hook, emacs-lisp-mode-hook (used for your `.emacs' or a
     `xx.el' file), lisp-interaction-mode-hook (the `*scratch*'
     buffer), text-mode-hook, etc.

   * Be sure to use `add-hook', not `(setq c-mode-hook xxxx)',
     otherwise you will erase anything that anybody has already put on
     the hook.

   * You can also do `(set-face-font 'modeline FONT)', eg.
     `(set-face-font 'modeline "*bold-r-normal*140-100-100*"
     (current-buffer))' if you wish the modeline font to vary based on
     the current mode.

   This works in 19.15 as well, but there are additional modeline faces,
`modeline-buffer-id', `modeline-mousable', and
`modeline-mousable-minor-mode', which you may want to customize.

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3.4: Multiple Device Support
============================

Q3.4.1: How do I open a frame on another screen of my multi-headed display?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

   The support for this was revamped for 19.14.  Use the command `M-x
make-frame-on-display'.  This command is also on the File menu in the
menubar.

   XEmacs 19.14 and later also have the command `make-frame-on-tty'
which will establish a connection to any tty-like device.  Opening the
TTY devices should be left to `gnuclient', though.

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Q3.4.2: Can I really connect to a running XEmacs after calling up over a modem?  How?
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

   If you're not running at least XEmacs 19.14, you can't.  Otherwise
check out the `gnuattach' program supplied with XEmacs.  Starting with
XEmacs 20.3, `gnuattach' and `gnudoit' functionality is provided by
`gnuclient'.

   Also *Note Q5.0.12::.

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3.5: The Keyboard
=================

Q3.5.1: How can I bind complex functions (or macros) to keys?
-------------------------------------------------------------

   As an example, say you want the `paste' key on a Sun keyboard to
insert the current Primary X selection at point. You can accomplish this
with:

     (define-key global-map [f18] 'x-insert-selection)

   However, this only works if there is a current X selection (the
selection will be highlighted).  The functionality I like is for the
`paste' key to insert the current X selection if there is one,
otherwise insert the contents of the clipboard.  To do this you need to
pass arguments to `x-insert-selection'.  This is done by wrapping the
call in a 'lambda form:

     (global-set-key [f18]
       (lambda () (interactive) (x-insert-selection t nil)))

   This binds the f18 key to a "generic" functional object.  The
interactive spec is required because only interactive functions can be
bound to keys.

   For the FAQ example you could use:

     (global-set-key [(control ?.)]
       (lambda () (interactive) (scroll-up 1)))
     (global-set-key [(control ?;)]
       (lambda () (interactive) (scroll-up -1)))

   This is fine if you only need a few functions within the lambda body.
If you're doing more it's cleaner to define a separate function as in
question 3.5.3 (*note Q3.5.3::).

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Q3.5.2: How can I stop down-arrow from adding empty lines to the bottom of my buffers?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Add the following line to your `.emacs' file:

     (setq next-line-add-newlines nil)

   This has been the default setting in XEmacs for some time.

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Q3.5.3: How do I bind C-. and C-; to scroll one line up and down?
-----------------------------------------------------------------

   Add the following (Thanks to Richard Mlynarik <mly@adoc.xerox.com>
and Wayne Newberry <wayne@zen.cac.stratus.com>) to `.emacs':

     (defun scroll-up-one-line ()
       (interactive)
       (scroll-up 1))
     
     (defun scroll-down-one-line ()
       (interactive)
       (scroll-down 1))
     
     (global-set-key [(control ?.)] 'scroll-up-one-line) ; C-.
     (global-set-key [(control ?;)] 'scroll-down-one-line) ; C-;

   The key point is that you can only bind simple functions to keys; you
can not bind a key to a function that you're also passing arguments to.
(*note Q3.5.1:: for a better answer).

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Q3.5.4: Globally binding `Delete'?
----------------------------------

   I cannot manage to globally bind my `Delete' key to something other
than the default.  How does one do this?

     (defun foo ()
       (interactive)
       (message "You hit DELETE"))
     
     (global-set-key 'delete 'foo)

   However, some modes explicitly bind `Delete', so you would need to
add a hook that does `local-set-key' for them.  If what you want to do
is make the Backspace and Delete keys work more PC/Motif-like, then
take a look at the `delbs.el' package.

   New in XEmacs 19.14 is a variable called `key-translation-map' which
makes it easier to bind `Delete'.  `delbs.el' is a good example of how
to do this correctly.

   Also *Note Q3.5.10::.

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Q3.5.5: Scrolling one line at a time.
-------------------------------------

   Can the cursor keys scroll the screen a line at a time, rather than
the default half page jump?  I tend it to find it disorienting.

   Try this:

     (defun scroll-one-line-up (&optional arg)
       "Scroll the selected window up (forward in the text) one line (or N lines)."
       (interactive "p")
       (scroll-up (or arg 1)))
     
     (defun scroll-one-line-down (&optional arg)
       "Scroll the selected window down (backward in the text) one line (or N)."
       (interactive "p")
       (scroll-down (or arg 1)))
     
     (global-set-key [up]   'scroll-one-line-up)
     (global-set-key [down] 'scroll-one-line-down)

   The following will also work but will affect more than just the
cursor keys (i.e. `C-n' and `C-p'):

     (setq scroll-step 1)

   Starting with XEmacs-20.3 you can also change this with Customize.
Select from the `Options' menu
`Customize->Emacs->Environment->Windows->Scroll Step...' or type `M-x
customize <RET> windows <RET>'.

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Q3.5.6: How to map `Help' key alone on Sun type4 keyboard?
----------------------------------------------------------

   The following works in GNU Emacs 19:

     (global-set-key [help] 'help-command);; Help

   The following works in XEmacs 19.15 with the addition of shift:

     (global-set-key [(shift help)] 'help-command);; Help

   But it doesn't work alone.  This is in the file `PROBLEMS' which
should have come with your XEmacs installation: _Emacs ignores the
`help' key when running OLWM_.

   OLWM grabs the `help' key, and retransmits it to the appropriate
client using `XSendEvent'.  Allowing Emacs to react to synthetic events
is a security hole, so this is turned off by default.  You can enable
it by setting the variable `x-allow-sendevents' to t.  You can also
cause fix this by telling OLWM to not grab the help key, with the null
binding `OpenWindows.KeyboardCommand.Help:'.

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Q3.5.7: How can you type in special characters in XEmacs?
---------------------------------------------------------

   One way is to use the package `x-compose'.  Then you can use
sequences like `Compose " a' to get ä, etc.

   Another way is to use the `iso-insert' package, provided in XEmacs
19.15 and later. Then you can use sequences like `C-x 8 " a' to get ä,
etc.

   Glynn Clements <glynn@sensei.co.uk> writes:

     It depends upon your X server.

     Generally, the simplest way is to define a key as Multi_key with
     xmodmap, e.g.
                  xmodmap -e 'keycode 0xff20 = Multi_key'

     You will need to pick an appropriate keycode. Use xev to find out
     the keycodes for each key.

     [NB: On a `Windows' keyboard, recent versions of XFree86
     automatically define the right `Windows' key as Multi_key'.]

     Once you have Multi_key defined, you can use e.g.
                  Multi a '       => á
                  Multi e "       => ë
                  Multi c ,       => ç

     etc.

     Also, recent versions of XFree86 define various AltGr-<key>
     combinations as dead keys, i.e.
                  AltGr [         => dead_diaeresis
                  AltGr ]         => dead_tilde
                  AltGr ;         => dead_acute
     etc.

     Running `xmodmap -pk' will list all of the defined keysyms.

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Q3.5.8: Why does `(global-set-key [delete-forward] 'delete-char)' complain?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Why does `(define-key global-map [ delete-forward ] 'delete-char)'
complain of not being able to bind an unknown key?

   Try this instead:

     (define-key global-map [delete_forward] 'delete-char)

   and it will work.

   What you are seeing above is a bug due to code that is trying to
check for GNU Emacs syntax like:

   (define-key global-map [C-M-a] 'delete-char)

   which otherwise would cause no errors but would not result in the
expected behavior.

   This bug has been fixed in 19.14.

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Q3.5.9: How do I make the Delete key delete forward?
----------------------------------------------------

   With XEmacs-20.2 use the `delbs' package:

     (require 'delbs)

   This will give you the functions `delbs-enable-delete-forward' to
set things up, and `delbs-disable-delete-forward' to revert to "normal"
behavior.  Note that `delbackspace' package is obsolete.

   Starting with XEmacs-20.3 better solution is to set variable
`delete-key-deletes-forward' to t.  You can also change this with
Customize. Select from the `Options' menu
`Customize->Emacs->Editing->Basics->Delete Key Deletes Forward' or type
`M-x customize <RET> editing-basics <RET>'.

   Also *Note Q3.5.4::.

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Q3.5.10: Can I turn on "sticky" modifier keys?
----------------------------------------------

   Yes, with `(setq modifier-keys-are-sticky t)'.  This will give the
effect of being able to press and release Shift and have the next
character typed come out in upper case.  This will affect all the other
modifier keys like Control and Meta as well.

   Ben Wing <ben@xemacs.org> writes:

     One thing about the sticky modifiers is that if you move the mouse
     out of the frame and back in, it cancels all currently "stuck"
     modifiers.

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Q3.5.11: How do I map the arrow keys?
-------------------------------------

   Say you want to map `C-<right>' to forward-word:

   Sam Steingold <sds@usa.net> writes:

          ; both XEmacs and Emacs
          (define-key global-map [(control right)] 'forward-word)
     or
          ; Emacs only
          (define-key global-map [C-right] 'forward-word)
     or
          ; ver > 20, both
          (define-key global-map (kbd "C-<right>") 'forward-word)

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3.6: The Cursor
===============

Q3.6.1: Is there a way to make the bar cursor thicker?
------------------------------------------------------

   I'd like to have the bar cursor a little thicker, as I tend to
"lose" it often.

   For a 1 pixel bar cursor, use:

     (setq bar-cursor t)

   For a 2 pixel bar cursor, use:

     (setq bar-cursor 'anything-else)

   Starting with XEmacs-20.3 you can also change these with Customize.
Select from the `Options' menu
`Customize->Emacs->Environment->Display->Bar Cursor...' or type `M-x
customize <RET> display <RET>'.

   You can use a color to make it stand out better:

     Emacs*cursorColor:      Red

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Q3.6.2: Is there a way to get back the block cursor?
----------------------------------------------------

     (setq bar-cursor nil)

   Starting with XEmacs-20.3 you can also change this with Customize.
Select from the `Options' menu
`Customize->Emacs->Environment->Display->Bar Cursor...' or type `M-x
customize <RET> display <RET>'.

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Q3.6.3: Can I make the cursor blink?
------------------------------------

   If you are running a version of XEmacs older than 19.14, no.
Otherwise you can do the following:

     (blink-cursor-mode)

   This function toggles between a steady cursor and a blinking cursor.
You may also set this mode from the menu bar by selecting `Options =>
Frame Appearance => Blinking Cursor'.  Remember to save options.

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3.7: The Mouse and Highlighting
===============================

Q3.7.1: How can I turn off Mouse pasting?
-----------------------------------------

   I keep hitting the middle mouse button by accident and getting stuff
pasted into my buffer so how can I turn this off?

   Here is an alternative binding, whereby the middle mouse button
selects (but does not cut) the expression under the mouse. Clicking
middle on a left or right paren will select to the matching one.  Note
that you can use `define-key' or `global-set-key'.

     (defun mouse-set-point-and-select (event)
       "Sets the point at the mouse location, then marks following form"
       (interactive "@e")
       (mouse-set-point event)
       (mark-sexp 1))
     (define-key global-map [button2] 'mouse-set-point-and-select)

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Q3.7.2: How do I set control/meta/etc modifiers on mouse buttons?
-----------------------------------------------------------------

   Use, for instance, `[(meta button1)]'. For example, here is a common
setting for Common Lisp programmers who use the bundled `ilisp'
package, whereby meta-button1 on a function name will find the file
where the function name was defined, and put you at that location in
the source file.

   [Inside a function that gets called by the lisp-mode-hook and
ilisp-mode-hook]

     (local-set-key [(meta button1)] 'edit-definitions-lisp)

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Q3.7.3: Clicking the left button does not do anything in buffer list.
---------------------------------------------------------------------

   I do `C-x C-b' to get a list of buffers and the entries get
highlighted when I move the mouse over them but clicking the left mouse
does not do anything.

   Use the middle mouse button.

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Q3.7.4: How can I get a list of buffers when I hit mouse button 3?
------------------------------------------------------------------

   The following code will replace the default popup on button3:

     (global-set-key [button3] 'popup-buffer-menu)

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File: xemacs-faq.info,  Node: Q3.7.5,  Next: Q3.7.6,  Prev: Q3.7.4,  Up: Customization

Q3.7.5: Why does cut-and-paste not work between XEmacs and a cmdtool?
---------------------------------------------------------------------

   We don't know.  It's a bug.  There does seem to be a work-around,
however.  Try running xclipboard first.  It appears to fix the problem
even if you exit it.  (This should be mostly fixed in 19.13, but we
haven't yet verified that).

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File: xemacs-faq.info,  Node: Q3.7.6,  Next: Q3.7.7,  Prev: Q3.7.5,  Up: Customization

Q3.7.6: How I can set XEmacs up so that it pastes where the text cursor is?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

   By default XEmacs pastes X selections where the mouse pointer is.
How do I disable this?

   Examine the function `mouse-yank', by typing `C-h f mouse-yank
<RET>'.

   To get XEmacs to paste at the text cursor, add this your `.emacs':

     (setq mouse-yank-at-point t)

   Starting with XEmacs-20.2 you can also change this with Customize.
Select from the `Options' menu `Customize->Emacs->Editing->Mouse->Yank
At Point...' or type `M-x customize <RET> mouse <RET>'.

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File: xemacs-faq.info,  Node: Q3.7.7,  Next: Q3.7.8,  Prev: Q3.7.6,  Up: Customization

Q3.7.7: How do I select a rectangular region?
---------------------------------------------

   Just select the region normally, then use the rectangle commands
(e.g.  `kill-rectangle' on it.  The region does not highlight as a
rectangle, but the commands work just fine.

   To actually sweep out rectangular regions with the mouse you can use
`mouse-track-do-rectangle' which is assigned to `M-button1'.  Then use
rectangle commands.

   You can also do the following to change default behavior to sweep out
rectangular regions:

     (setq mouse-track-rectangle-p t)

   Starting with XEmacs-20.2 you can also change this with Customize.
Select from the `Options' menu `Customize->Emacs->Editing->Mouse->Track
Rectangle...' or type `M-x customize <RET> mouse <RET>'.

      mouse-track-do-rectangle: (event)
        -- an interactive compiled Lisp function.
      Like `mouse-track' but selects rectangles instead of regions.

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Q3.7.8: Why does `M-w' take so long?
------------------------------------

   It actually doesn't.  It leaves the region visible for a second so
that you can see what area is being yanked.  If you start working,
though, it will immediately complete its operation.  In other words, it
will only delay for a second if you let it.

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File: xemacs-faq.info,  Node: Q3.8.1,  Next: Q3.8.2,  Prev: Q3.7.8,  Up: Customization

3.8: The Menubar and Toolbar
============================

Q3.8.1: How do I get rid of the menu (or menubar)?
--------------------------------------------------

   If you are running XEmacs 19.13 and earlier, add this command to your
`.emacs'.

     (set-menubar nil)

   Starting with XEmacs 19.14 the preferred method is:

     (set-specifier menubar-visible-p nil)

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File: xemacs-faq.info,  Node: Q3.8.2,  Next: Q3.8.3,  Prev: Q3.8.1,  Up: Customization

Q3.8.2: Can I customize the basic menubar?
------------------------------------------

   For an extensive menubar, add this line to your `.emacs':

     (load "big-menubar")

   If you'd like to write your own, this file provides as good a set of
examples as any to start from.  The file is located in
`lisp/packages/big-menubar.el' in the XEmacs installation directory.

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File: xemacs-faq.info,  Node: Q3.8.3,  Next: Q3.8.4,  Prev: Q3.8.2,  Up: Customization

Q3.8.3: How do I control how many buffers are listed in the menu `Buffers List'?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Add the following to your `.emacs' (suit to fit):

     (setq buffers-menu-max-size 20)

   For no limit, use an argument of `nil'.

   Starting with XEmacs-20.3 you can also change this with Customize.
Select from the `Options' menu
`Customize->Emacs->Environment->Menu->Buffers Menu->Max Size...' or
type `M-x customize <RET> buffers-menu <RET>'.

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Q3.8.4: Resources like `Emacs*menubar*font' are not working?
------------------------------------------------------------

   I am trying to use a resource like `Emacs*menubar*font' to set the
font of the menubar but it's not working.

   If you are using the real Motif menubar, this resource is not
recognized; you have to say:

     Emacs*menubar*fontList: FONT

   If you are using the Lucid menubar, the former resource will be
recognized only if the latter resource is unset.  This means that the
resource

     *fontList: FONT

   will override

     Emacs*menubar*font: FONT

   even though the latter is more specific.

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File: xemacs-faq.info,  Node: Q3.8.5,  Next: Q3.9.1,  Prev: Q3.8.4,  Up: Customization

Q3.8.5: How can I bind a key to a function to toggle the toolbar?
-----------------------------------------------------------------

   Try something like:

     (defun my-toggle-toolbar ()
       (interactive)
       (set-specifier default-toolbar-visible-p
                      (not (specifier-instance default-toolbar-visible-p))))
     (global-set-key "\C-xT" 'my-toggle-toolbar)

   There are redisplay bugs in 19.14 that may make the preceding result
in a messed-up display, especially for frames with multiple windows.
You may need to resize the frame before XEmacs completely realizes the
toolbar is really gone.

   Thanks to Martin Buchholz <martin@xemacs.org> for the correct code.

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File: xemacs-faq.info,  Node: Q3.9.1,  Next: Q3.9.2,  Prev: Q3.8.5,  Up: Customization

3.9: Scrollbars
===============

Q3.9.1: How can I disable the scrollbar?
----------------------------------------

   To disable them for all frames, add the following line to your
`.Xdefaults':

     Emacs.scrollBarWidth:  0

   Or select from the `Options' menu `Frame Appearance->Scrollbars'.
Remember to save options.

   To turn the scrollbar off on a per-frame basis, use the following
function:

     (set-specifier scrollbar-width 0 (selected-frame))

   You can actually turn the scrollbars on at any level you want by
substituting for (selected-frame) in the above command.  For example, to
turn the scrollbars off only in a single buffer:

     (set-specifier scrollbar-width 0 (current-buffer))

   In XEmacs versions prior to 19.14, you had to use the hairier
construct:

     (set-specifier scrollbar-width (cons (selected-frame) 0))

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Q3.9.2: How can one use resources to change scrollbar colors?
-------------------------------------------------------------

   Here's a recap of how to use resources to change your scrollbar
colors:

     ! Motif scrollbars
     
     Emacs*XmScrollBar.Background: skyblue
     Emacs*XmScrollBar.troughColor: lightgray
     
     ! Athena scrollbars
     
     Emacs*Scrollbar.Foreground: skyblue
     Emacs*Scrollbar.Background: lightgray

   Note the capitalization of `Scrollbar' for the Athena widget.

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Q3.9.3: Moving the scrollbar can move the point; can I disable this?
--------------------------------------------------------------------

   When I move the scrollbar in an XEmacs window, it moves the point as
well, which should not be the default behavior.  Is this a bug or a
feature?  Can I disable it?

   The current behavior is a feature, not a bug.  Point remains at the
same buffer position as long as that position does not scroll off the
screen.  In that event, point will end up in either the upper-left or
lower-left hand corner.

   This cannot be changed.

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Q3.9.4: How can I get automatic horizontal scrolling?
-----------------------------------------------------

   By the same token, how can I turn it off in specific modes?

   To do this, add to your `.emacs' file:

     (require 'auto-show)

   Then do `(setq truncate-lines t)' in the mode-hooks for any modes in
which you want lines truncated.

   More precisely: If `truncate-lines' is nil, horizontal scrollbars
will never appear.  Otherwise, they will appear only if the value of
`scrollbar-height' for that buffer/window/etc. is non-zero.  If you do

     (set-specifier scrollbar-height 0)

   then horizontal scrollbars will not appear in truncated buffers
unless the package specifically asked for them.

   Automatic horizontal scrolling is now standard, starting with 19.14.

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3.10: Text Selections
=====================

Q3.10.1: How can I turn off or change highlighted selections?
-------------------------------------------------------------

   The `zmacs' mode allows for what some might call gratuitous
highlighting for selected regions (either by setting mark or by using
the mouse).  This is the default behavior.  To turn off, add the
following line to your `.emacs' file:

     (setq zmacs-regions nil)

   Starting with XEmacs-20.2 you can also change this with Customize.
Select from the `Options' menu `Customize->Emacs->Editing->Basics->Zmacs
Regions' or type `M-x customize <RET> editing-basics <RET>'.

   To change the face for selection, look at `Options->Customize' on
the menubar.

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Q3.10.2: How do I get that typing on an active region removes it?
-----------------------------------------------------------------

   I want to change things so that if I select some text and start
typing, the typed text replaces the selected text, similar to Motif.

   You want to use something called "pending delete".  Pending delete
is what happens when you select a region (with the mouse or keyboard)
and you press a key to replace the selected region by the key you typed.
Usually backspace kills the selected region.

   To get this behavior, add the following lines to your `.emacs':

     (cond
      ((fboundp 'turn-on-pending-delete)
       (turn-on-pending-delete))
      ((fboundp 'pending-delete-on)
       (pending-delete-on t)))

   Note that this will work with both Backspace and Delete.  This code
is a tad more complicated than it has to be for XEmacs in order to make
it more portable.

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Q3.10.3: Can I turn off the highlight during isearch?
-----------------------------------------------------

   I do not like my text highlighted while I am doing isearch as I am
not able to see what's underneath.  How do I turn it off?

   Put the following in your `.emacs':

     (setq isearch-highlight nil)

   Starting with XEmacs-20.2 you can also change this with Customize.
Type `M-x customize-variable <RET> isearch-highlight <RET>'.

   Note also that isearch-highlight affects query-replace and ispell.
Instead of disabling isearch-highlight you may find that a better
solution consists of customizing the `isearch' face.

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Q3.10.4: How do I turn off highlighting after `C-x C-p' (mark-page)?
--------------------------------------------------------------------

   Put this in your `.emacs':

     (setq zmacs-regions nil)

   *Warning: This command turns off all region highlighting.*

   Also *Note Q3.10.1::.

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Q3.10.5: The region disappears when I hit the end of buffer while scrolling.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

   This has been fixed by default starting with XEmacs-20.3.

   With older versions you can turn this feature (if it indeed is a
feature) off like this:

     (defadvice scroll-up (around scroll-up freeze)
       (interactive "_P")
       (let ((zmacs-region-stays t))
         (if (interactive-p)
             (condition-case nil
                 ad-do-it
               (end-of-buffer (goto-char (point-max))))
           ad-do-it)))
     
     (defadvice scroll-down (around scroll-down freeze)
       (interactive "_P")
       (let ((zmacs-region-stays t))
         (if (interactive-p)
             (condition-case nil
                 ad-do-it
               (beginning-of-buffer (goto-char (point-min))))
           ad-do-it)))

   Thanks to T. V. Raman <raman@adobe.com> for assistance in deriving
this answer.

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File: xemacs-faq.info,  Node: Subsystems,  Next: Miscellaneous,  Prev: Customization,  Up: Top

4 Major Subsystems
******************

   This is part 4 of the XEmacs Frequently Asked Questions list.  This
section is devoted to major XEmacs subsystems.

* Menu:

Reading Mail with VM:
* Q4.0.1::      How do I set up VM to retrieve remote mail using POP?
* Q4.0.2::      How do I get VM to filter mail for me?
* Q4.0.3::      How can I get VM to automatically check for new mail?
* Q4.0.4::      [This question intentionally left blank]
* Q4.0.5::      How do I get my outgoing mail archived?
* Q4.0.6::      I have various addresses at which I receive mail.  How can I tell VM to ignore them when doing a "reply-all"?
* Q4.0.7::      Is there a mailing list or FAQ for VM?
* Q4.0.8::      Remote mail reading with VM.
* Q4.0.9::      rmail or VM gets an error incorporating new mail.
* Q4.0.10::     How do I make VM stay in a single frame?
* Q4.0.11::     How do I make VM or mh-e display graphical smilies?
* Q4.0.12::     Customization of VM not covered in the manual or here.

Web browsing with W3:
* Q4.1.1::      What is W3?
* Q4.1.2::      How do I run W3 from behind a firewall?
* Q4.1.3::      Is it true that W3 supports style sheets and tables?

Reading Netnews and Mail with Gnus:
* Q4.2.1::      GNUS, (ding) Gnus, Gnus 5, September Gnus, Red Gnus,argh!
* Q4.2.2::      [This question intentionally left blank]
* Q4.2.3::      How do I make Gnus stay within a single frame?
* Q4.2.4::      How do I customize the From: line?

Other Mail & News:
* Q4.3.1::      How can I read and/or compose MIME messages?
* Q4.3.2::      What is TM and where do I get it?
* Q4.3.3::      Why isn't this `movemail' program working?
* Q4.3.4::      Movemail is also distributed by Netscape?  Can that cause problems?
* Q4.3.5::      Where do I find pstogif (required by tm)?

Sparcworks, EOS, and WorkShop:
* Q4.4.1::      What is SPARCworks, EOS, and WorkShop
* Q4.4.2::      How do I start the Sun Workshop support in XEmacs 21?

Energize:
* Q4.5.1::      What is/was Energize?

Infodock:
* Q4.6.1::      What is Infodock?

Other Unbundled Packages:
* Q4.7.1::      What is AUC TeX?  Where do you get it?
* Q4.7.2::      Are there any Emacs Lisp Spreadsheets?
* Q4.7.3::      [This question intentionally left blank]
* Q4.7.4::      Problems installing AUC TeX
* Q4.7.5::      Is there a reason for an Emacs package not to be included in XEmacs?
* Q4.7.6::      Is there a MatLab mode?

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4.0: Reading Mail with VM
=========================

Q4.0.1: How do I set up VM to retrieve mail from a remote site using POP?
-------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Use `vm-spool-files', like this for example:

     (setq vm-spool-files '("/var/spool/mail/wing"
                            "netcom23.netcom.com:110:pass:wing:MYPASS"))

   Of course substitute your actual password for MYPASS.

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Q4.0.2: How do I get VM to filter mail for me?
----------------------------------------------

   One possibility is to use procmail to split your mail before it gets
to VM.  I prefer this personally, since there are many strange and
wonderful things one can do with procmail.  Procmail may be found at
`ftp://ftp.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/pub/packages/procmail/'.

   Also see the Mail Filtering FAQ at:
`ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/mail/filtering-faq'.

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Q4.0.3: How can I get VM to automatically check for new mail?
-------------------------------------------------------------

   John Turner <turner@lanl.gov> writes:

     Use the following:

          (setq vm-auto-get-new-mail 60)

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Q4.0.4: [This question intentionally left blank]
------------------------------------------------

   Obsolete question, left blank to avoid renumbering.

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Q4.0.5: How do I get my outgoing mail archived?
-----------------------------------------------

     (setq mail-archive-file-name "~/outbox")

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Q4.0.6: I have various addresses at which I receive mail.  How can I tell VM to ignore them when doing a "reply-all"?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Set `vm-reply-ignored-addresses' to a list, like

     (setq vm-reply-ignored-addresses
           '("wing@nuspl@nvwls.cc.purdue.edu,netcom[0-9]*.netcom.com"
             "wing@netcom.com" "wing@xemacs.org"))

   Note that each string is a regular expression.

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Q4.0.7: Is there a mailing list or FAQ for VM?
----------------------------------------------

   A FAQ for VM exists at `http://www.cyberpass.net/~gorkab/vmfaq.htm'.

   VM has its own newsgroups gnu.emacs.vm.info and gnu.emacs.vm.bug.

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Q4.0.8: Remote mail reading with VM.
------------------------------------

   My mailbox lives at the office on a big honkin server.  My regular
INBOX lives on my honkin desktop machine.  I now can PPP to the office
from home which is far from honking...  I'd like to be able to read
mail at home without storing it here and I'd like to use xemacs and VM
at home...  Is there a recommended setup?

   Joseph J. Nuspl Jr. <nuspl@nvwls.cc.purdue.edu> writes:

     There are several ways to do this.

       1. Set your display to your home machine and run dxpc or one of
          the other X compressors.

       2. NFS mount your desktop machine on your home machine and
          modify your pop command on your home machine to rsh to your
          desktop machine and actually do the pop get's.

       3. Run a POP server on your desktop machine as well and do a
          sort of two tiered POP get.

   William Perry <wmperry@monolith.spry.com> adds:

     Or you could run a pop script periodically on your desktop
     machine, and just use ange-ftp or NFS to get to your mailbox.  I
     used to do this all the time back at IU.

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Q4.0.9: rmail or VM gets an error incorporating new mail.
---------------------------------------------------------

   Quoting the XEmacs PROBLEMS file:

     rmail and VM get new mail from `/usr/spool/mail/$USER' using a
     program called `movemail'.  This program interlocks with
     `/bin/mail' using the protocol defined by `/bin/mail'.

     There are two different protocols in general use.  One of them
     uses the `flock' system call.  The other involves creating a lock
     file; `movemail' must be able to write in `/usr/spool/mail' in
     order to do this.  You control which one is used by defining, or
     not defining, the macro `MAIL_USE_FLOCK' in `config.h' or the m-
     or s- file it includes.

     *IF YOU DON'T USE THE FORM OF INTERLOCKING THAT IS NORMAL ON YOUR
     SYSTEM, YOU CAN LOSE MAIL!*

     If your system uses the lock file protocol, and fascist
     restrictions prevent ordinary users from writing the lock files in
     `/usr/spool/mail', you may need to make `movemail' setgid to a
     suitable group such as `mail'.  You can use these commands (as
     root):

          chgrp mail movemail
          chmod 2755 movemail

     If your system uses the lock file protocol, and fascist
     restrictions prevent ordinary users from writing the lock files in
     `/usr/spool/mail', you may need to make `movemail' setgid to a
     suitable group such as `mail'.  To do this, use the following
     commands (as root) after doing the make install.

          chgrp mail movemail
          chmod 2755 movemail

     Installation normally copies movemail from the build directory to
     an installation directory which is usually under `/usr/local/lib'.
     The installed copy of `movemail' is usually in the directory
     `/usr/local/lib/emacs/VERSION/TARGET'.  You must change the group
     and mode of the installed copy; changing the group and mode of the
     build directory copy is ineffective.

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Q4.0.10: How do I make VM stay in a single frame?
-------------------------------------------------

   John.John S Cooper <Cooper@Eng.Sun.COM> writes:

                                                  ; Don't use multiple frames
          (setq vm-frame-per-composition nil)
          (setq vm-frame-per-folder nil)
          (setq vm-frame-per-edit nil)
          (setq vm-frame-per-summary nil)

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Q4.0.11: How do I make VM or mh-e display graphical smilies?
------------------------------------------------------------

   For mh-e use the following:

     (add-hook 'mh-show-mode-hook '(lambda ()
                                     (smiley-region (point-min)
                                                    (point-max))))

   WJCarpenter <bill@carpenter.ORG> writes: For VM use the following:
            (autoload 'smiley-region "smiley" nil t)
            (add-hook 'vm-select-message-hook
                      '(lambda ()
                         (smiley-region (point-min)
                                        (point-max))))

   For tm use the following:
     (autoload 'smiley-buffer "smiley" nil t)
     (add-hook 'mime-viewer/plain-text-preview-hook 'smiley-buffer)

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Q4.0.12: Customization of VM not covered in the manual, or here.
----------------------------------------------------------------

   giacomo boffi <boffi@hp735.stru.polimi.it> writes:

     The meta-answer is to look into the file `vm-vars.el', in the vm
     directory of the lisp library.

     `vm-vars.el' contains, initializes and carefully describes, with
     examples of usage, the plethora of user options that _fully_
     control VM's behavior.

     Enter vm-vars, `forward-search' for toolbar, find the variables
     that control the toolbar placement, appearance, existence, copy to
     your `.emacs' or `.vm' and modify according to the detailed
     instructions.

     The above also applies to all the various features of VM: search
     for some keywords, maybe the first you conjure isn't appropriate,
     find the appropriate variables, copy and experiment.

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4.1: Web browsing with W3
=========================

Q4.1.1: What is W3?
-------------------

   W3 is an advanced graphical browser written in Emacs lisp that runs
on XEmacs.  It has full support for cascaded style sheets, and more...

   It has a home web page at
`http://www.cs.indiana.edu/elisp/w3/docs.html'.

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Q4.1.2: How do I run W3 from behind a firewall?
-----------------------------------------------

   There is a long, well-written, detailed section in the W3 manual that
describes how to do this.  Look in the section entitled "Firewalls".

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Q4.1.3: Is it true that W3 supports style sheets and tables?
------------------------------------------------------------

   Yes, and much more.  W3, as distributed with the latest XEmacs is a
full-featured web browser.

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File: xemacs-faq.info,  Node: Q4.2.1,  Next: Q4.2.2,  Prev: Q4.1.3,  Up: Subsystems

4.2: Reading Netnews and Mail with Gnus
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Q4.2.1: GNUS, (ding) Gnus, Gnus 5, September Gnus, Red Gnus, Quassia Gnus, argh!
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   The Gnus numbering issues are not meant for mere mortals to know
them.  If you feel you _must_ enter the muddy waters of Gnus, visit the
excellent FAQ, maintained by Justin Sheehy, at:

     `http://www.ccs.neu.edu/software/contrib/gnus/'

   See also Gnus home page
     `http://www.gnus.org/'

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File: xemacs-faq.info,  Node: Q4.2.2,  Next: Q4.2.3,  Prev: Q4.2.1,  Up: Subsystems

Q4.2.2: This question intentionally left blank.
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   Obsolete question, left blank to avoid renumbering.