@end iftex
-
@menu
* Starting Up:: Finding news can be a pain.
* The Group Buffer:: Selecting, subscribing and killing groups.
* Appendices:: Terminology, Emacs intro, FAQ, History, Internals.
* Index:: Variable, function and concept index.
* Key Index:: Key Index.
+
+@detailmenu
+ --- The Detailed Node Listing ---
+
+Starting Gnus
+
+* Finding the News:: Choosing a method for getting news.
+* The First Time:: What does Gnus do the first time you start it?
+* The Server is Down:: How can I read my mail then?
+* Slave Gnusae:: You can have more than one Gnus active at a time.
+* Fetching a Group:: Starting Gnus just to read a group.
+* New Groups:: What is Gnus supposed to do with new groups?
+* Startup Files:: Those pesky startup files---@file{.newsrc}.
+* Auto Save:: Recovering from a crash.
+* The Active File:: Reading the active file over a slow line Takes Time.
+* Changing Servers:: You may want to move from one server to another.
+* Startup Variables:: Other variables you might change.
+
+New Groups
+
+* Checking New Groups:: Determining what groups are new.
+* Subscription Methods:: What Gnus should do with new groups.
+* Filtering New Groups:: Making Gnus ignore certain new groups.
+
+The Group Buffer
+
+* Group Buffer Format:: Information listed and how you can change it.
+* Group Maneuvering:: Commands for moving in the group buffer.
+* Selecting a Group:: Actually reading news.
+* Group Data:: Changing the info for a group.
+* Subscription Commands:: Unsubscribing, killing, subscribing.
+* Group Levels:: Levels? What are those, then?
+* Group Score:: A mechanism for finding out what groups you like.
+* Marking Groups:: You can mark groups for later processing.
+* Foreign Groups:: Creating and editing groups.
+* Group Parameters:: Each group may have different parameters set.
+* Listing Groups:: Gnus can list various subsets of the groups.
+* Sorting Groups:: Re-arrange the group order.
+* Group Maintenance:: Maintaining a tidy @file{.newsrc} file.
+* Browse Foreign Server:: You can browse a server. See what it has to offer.
+* Exiting Gnus:: Stop reading news and get some work done.
+* Group Topics:: A folding group mode divided into topics.
+* Misc Group Stuff:: Other stuff that you can to do.
+
+Group Buffer Format
+
+* Group Line Specification:: Deciding how the group buffer is to look.
+* Group Modeline Specification:: The group buffer modeline.
+* Group Highlighting:: Having nice colors in the group buffer.
+
+Group Topics
+
+* Topic Variables:: How to customize the topics the Lisp Way.
+* Topic Commands:: Interactive E-Z commands.
+* Topic Sorting:: Sorting each topic individually.
+* Topic Topology:: A map of the world.
+* Topic Parameters:: Parameters that apply to all groups in a topic.
+
+Misc Group Stuff
+
+* Scanning New Messages:: Asking Gnus to see whether new messages have arrived.
+* Group Information:: Information and help on groups and Gnus.
+* Group Timestamp:: Making Gnus keep track of when you last read a group.
+* File Commands:: Reading and writing the Gnus files.
+
+The Summary Buffer
+
+* Summary Buffer Format:: Deciding how the summary buffer is to look.
+* Summary Maneuvering:: Moving around the summary buffer.
+* Choosing Articles:: Reading articles.
+* Paging the Article:: Scrolling the current article.
+* Reply Followup and Post:: Posting articles.
+* Marking Articles:: Marking articles as read, expirable, etc.
+* Limiting:: You can limit the summary buffer.
+* Threading:: How threads are made.
+* Sorting:: How articles and threads are sorted.
+* Asynchronous Fetching:: Gnus might be able to pre-fetch articles.
+* Article Caching:: You may store articles in a cache.
+* Persistent Articles:: Making articles expiry-resistant.
+* Article Backlog:: Having already read articles hang around.
+* Saving Articles:: Ways of customizing article saving.
+* Decoding Articles:: Gnus can treat series of (uu)encoded articles.
+* Article Treatment:: The article buffer can be mangled at will.
+* MIME Commands:: Doing MIMEy things with the articles.
+* Charsets:: Character set issues.
+* Article Commands:: Doing various things with the article buffer.
+* Summary Sorting:: Sorting the summary buffer in various ways.
+* Finding the Parent:: No child support? Get the parent.
+* Alternative Approaches:: Reading using non-default summaries.
+* Tree Display:: A more visual display of threads.
+* Mail Group Commands:: Some commands can only be used in mail groups.
+* Various Summary Stuff:: What didn't fit anywhere else.
+* Exiting the Summary Buffer:: Returning to the Group buffer.
+* Crosspost Handling:: How crossposted articles are dealt with.
+* Duplicate Suppression:: An alternative when crosspost handling fails.
+
+Summary Buffer Format
+
+* Summary Buffer Lines:: You can specify how summary lines should look.
+* To From Newsgroups:: How to not display your own name.
+* Summary Buffer Mode Line:: You can say how the mode line should look.
+* Summary Highlighting:: Making the summary buffer all pretty and nice.
+
+Choosing Articles
+
+* Choosing Commands:: Commands for choosing articles.
+* Choosing Variables:: Variables that influence these commands.
+
+Reply, Followup and Post
+
+* Summary Mail Commands:: Sending mail.
+* Summary Post Commands:: Sending news.
+* Summary Message Commands:: Other Message-related commands.
+* Canceling and Superseding:: ``Whoops, I shouldn't have called him that.''
+
+Marking Articles
+
+* Unread Articles:: Marks for unread articles.
+* Read Articles:: Marks for read articles.
+* Other Marks:: Marks that do not affect readedness.
+
+Marking Articles
+
+* Setting Marks:: How to set and remove marks.
+* Generic Marking Commands:: How to customize the marking.
+* Setting Process Marks:: How to mark articles for later processing.
+
+Threading
+
+* Customizing Threading:: Variables you can change to affect the threading.
+* Thread Commands:: Thread based commands in the summary buffer.
+
+Customizing Threading
+
+* Loose Threads:: How Gnus gathers loose threads into bigger threads.
+* Filling In Threads:: Making the threads displayed look fuller.
+* More Threading:: Even more variables for fiddling with threads.
+* Low-Level Threading:: You thought it was over... but you were wrong!
+
+Decoding Articles
+
+* Uuencoded Articles:: Uudecode articles.
+* Shell Archives:: Unshar articles.
+* PostScript Files:: Split PostScript.
+* Other Files:: Plain save and binhex.
+* Decoding Variables:: Variables for a happy decoding.
+* Viewing Files:: You want to look at the result of the decoding?
+
+Decoding Variables
+
+* Rule Variables:: Variables that say how a file is to be viewed.
+* Other Decode Variables:: Other decode variables.
+* Uuencoding and Posting:: Variables for customizing uuencoding.
+
+Article Treatment
+
+* Article Highlighting:: You want to make the article look like fruit salad.
+* Article Fontisizing:: Making emphasized text look nice.
+* Article Hiding:: You also want to make certain info go away.
+* Article Washing:: Lots of way-neat functions to make life better.
+* Article Buttons:: Click on URLs, Message-IDs, addresses and the like.
+* Article Date:: Grumble, UT!
+* Article Signature:: What is a signature?
+* Article Miscellania:: Various other stuff.
+
+Alternative Approaches
+
+* Pick and Read:: First mark articles and then read them.
+* Binary Groups:: Auto-decode all articles.
+
+Various Summary Stuff
+
+* Summary Group Information:: Information oriented commands.
+* Searching for Articles:: Multiple article commands.
+* Summary Generation Commands:: (Re)generating the summary buffer.
+* Really Various Summary Commands:: Those pesky non-conformant commands.
+
+The Article Buffer
+
+* Hiding Headers:: Deciding what headers should be displayed.
+* Using MIME:: Pushing articles through @sc{mime} before reading them.
+* Customizing Articles:: Tailoring the look of the articles.
+* Article Keymap:: Keystrokes available in the article buffer.
+* Misc Article:: Other stuff.
+
+Composing Messages
+
+* Mail:: Mailing and replying.
+* Post:: Posting and following up.
+* Posting Server:: What server should you post via?
+* Mail and Post:: Mailing and posting at the same time.
+* Archived Messages:: Where Gnus stores the messages you've sent.
+* Posting Styles:: An easier way to specify who you are.
+* Drafts:: Postponing messages and rejected messages.
+* Rejected Articles:: What happens if the server doesn't like your article?
+
+Select Methods
+
+* The Server Buffer:: Making and editing virtual servers.
+* Getting News:: Reading USENET news with Gnus.
+* Getting Mail:: Reading your personal mail with Gnus.
+* Browsing the Web:: Getting messages from a plethora of Web sources.
+* Other Sources:: Reading directories, files, SOUP packets.
+* Combined Groups:: Combining groups into one group.
+* Gnus Unplugged:: Reading news and mail offline.
+
+The Server Buffer
+
+* Server Buffer Format:: You can customize the look of this buffer.
+* Server Commands:: Commands to manipulate servers.
+* Example Methods:: Examples server specifications.
+* Creating a Virtual Server:: An example session.
+* Server Variables:: Which variables to set.
+* Servers and Methods:: You can use server names as select methods.
+* Unavailable Servers:: Some servers you try to contact may be down.
+
+Getting News
+
+* NNTP:: Reading news from an @sc{nntp} server.
+* News Spool:: Reading news from the local spool.
+
+Getting Mail
+
+* Mail in a Newsreader:: Important introductory notes.
+* Getting Started Reading Mail:: A simple cookbook example.
+* Splitting Mail:: How to create mail groups.
+* Mail Sources:: How to tell Gnus where to get mail from.
+* Mail Backend Variables:: Variables for customizing mail handling.
+* Fancy Mail Splitting:: Gnus can do hairy splitting of incoming mail.
+* Group Mail Splitting:: Use group customize to drive mail splitting.
+* Incorporating Old Mail:: What about the old mail you have?
+* Expiring Mail:: Getting rid of unwanted mail.
+* Washing Mail:: Removing gruft from the mail you get.
+* Duplicates:: Dealing with duplicated mail.
+* Not Reading Mail:: Using mail backends for reading other files.
+* Choosing a Mail Backend:: Gnus can read a variety of mail formats.
+
+Mail Sources
+
+* Mail Source Specifiers:: How to specify what a mail source is.
+* Mail Source Customization:: Some variables that influence things.
+* Fetching Mail:: Using the mail source specifiers.
+
+Choosing a Mail Backend
+
+* Unix Mail Box:: Using the (quite) standard Un*x mbox.
+* Rmail Babyl:: Emacs programs use the rmail babyl format.
+* Mail Spool:: Store your mail in a private spool?
+* MH Spool:: An mhspool-like backend.
+* Mail Folders:: Having one file for each group.
+* Comparing Mail Backends:: An in-depth looks at pros and cons.
+
+Browsing the Web
+
+* Web Searches:: Creating groups from articles that match a string.
+* Slashdot:: Reading the Slashdot comments.
+* Ultimate:: The Ultimate Bulletin Board systems.
+* Web Archive:: Reading mailing list archived on web.
+
+Other Sources
+
+* Directory Groups:: You can read a directory as if it was a newsgroup.
+* Anything Groups:: Dired? Who needs dired?
+* Document Groups:: Single files can be the basis of a group.
+* SOUP:: Reading @sc{soup} packets ``offline''.
+* Mail-To-News Gateways:: Posting articles via mail-to-news gateways.
+* IMAP:: Using Gnus as a @sc{imap} client.
+
+Document Groups
+
+* Document Server Internals:: How to add your own document types.
+
+SOUP
+
+* SOUP Commands:: Commands for creating and sending @sc{soup} packets
+* SOUP Groups:: A backend for reading @sc{soup} packets.
+* SOUP Replies:: How to enable @code{nnsoup} to take over mail and news.
+
+@sc{imap}
+
+* Splitting in IMAP:: Splitting mail with nnimap.
+* Editing IMAP ACLs:: Limiting/enabling other users access to a mailbox.
+* Expunging mailboxes:: Equivalent of a "compress mailbox" button.
+
+Combined Groups
+
+* Virtual Groups:: Combining articles from many groups.
+* Kibozed Groups:: Looking through parts of the newsfeed for articles.
+
+Gnus Unplugged
+
+* Agent Basics:: How it all is supposed to work.
+* Agent Categories:: How to tell the Gnus Agent what to download.
+* Agent Commands:: New commands for all the buffers.
+* Agent Expiry:: How to make old articles go away.
+* Outgoing Messages:: What happens when you post/mail something?
+* Agent Variables:: Customizing is fun.
+* Example Setup:: An example @file{.gnus.el} file for offline people.
+* Batching Agents:: How to fetch news from a @code{cron} job.
+* Agent Caveats:: What you think it'll do and what it does.
+
+Agent Categories
+
+* Category Syntax:: What a category looks like.
+* The Category Buffer:: A buffer for maintaining categories.
+* Category Variables:: Customize'r'Us.
+
+Agent Commands
+
+* Group Agent Commands::
+* Summary Agent Commands::
+* Server Agent Commands::
+
+Scoring
+
+* Summary Score Commands:: Adding score entries for the current group.
+* Group Score Commands:: General score commands.
+* Score Variables:: Customize your scoring. (My, what terminology).
+* Score File Format:: What a score file may contain.
+* Score File Editing:: You can edit score files by hand as well.
+* Adaptive Scoring:: Big Sister Gnus knows what you read.
+* Home Score File:: How to say where new score entries are to go.
+* Followups To Yourself:: Having Gnus notice when people answer you.
+* Scoring Tips:: How to score effectively.
+* Reverse Scoring:: That problem child of old is not problem.
+* Global Score Files:: Earth-spanning, ear-splitting score files.
+* Kill Files:: They are still here, but they can be ignored.
+* Converting Kill Files:: Translating kill files to score files.
+* GroupLens:: Getting predictions on what you like to read.
+* Advanced Scoring:: Using logical expressions to build score rules.
+* Score Decays:: It can be useful to let scores wither away.
+
+GroupLens
+
+* Using GroupLens:: How to make Gnus use GroupLens.
+* Rating Articles:: Letting GroupLens know how you rate articles.
+* Displaying Predictions:: Displaying predictions given by GroupLens.
+* GroupLens Variables:: Customizing GroupLens.
+
+Advanced Scoring
+
+* Advanced Scoring Syntax:: A definition.
+* Advanced Scoring Examples:: What they look like.
+* Advanced Scoring Tips:: Getting the most out of it.
+
+Various
+
+* Process/Prefix:: A convention used by many treatment commands.
+* Interactive:: Making Gnus ask you many questions.
+* Symbolic Prefixes:: How to supply some Gnus functions with options.
+* Formatting Variables:: You can specify what buffers should look like.
+* Windows Configuration:: Configuring the Gnus buffer windows.
+* Faces and Fonts:: How to change how faces look.
+* Compilation:: How to speed Gnus up.
+* Mode Lines:: Displaying information in the mode lines.
+* Highlighting and Menus:: Making buffers look all nice and cozy.
+* Buttons:: Get tendonitis in ten easy steps!
+* Daemons:: Gnus can do things behind your back.
+* NoCeM:: How to avoid spam and other fatty foods.
+* Undo:: Some actions can be undone.
+* Moderation:: What to do if you're a moderator.
+* XEmacs Enhancements:: There are more pictures and stuff under XEmacs.
+* Fuzzy Matching:: What's the big fuzz?
+* Thwarting Email Spam:: A how-to on avoiding unsolicited commercial email.
+* Various Various:: Things that are really various.
+
+Formatting Variables
+
+* Formatting Basics:: A formatting variable is basically a format string.
+* Mode Line Formatting:: Some rules about mode line formatting variables.
+* Advanced Formatting:: Modifying output in various ways.
+* User-Defined Specs:: Having Gnus call your own functions.
+* Formatting Fonts:: Making the formatting look colorful and nice.
+
+XEmacs Enhancements
+
+* Picons:: How to display pictures of what your reading.
+* Smileys:: Show all those happy faces the way they were meant to be shown.
+* Toolbar:: Click'n'drool.
+* XVarious:: Other XEmacsy Gnusey variables.
+
+Picons
+
+* Picon Basics:: What are picons and How do I get them.
+* Picon Requirements:: Don't go further if you aren't using XEmacs.
+* Easy Picons:: Displaying Picons---the easy way.
+* Hard Picons:: The way you should do it. You'll learn something.
+* Picon Useless Configuration:: Other variables you can trash/tweak/munge/play with.
+
+Appendices
+
+* History:: How Gnus got where it is today.
+* On Writing Manuals:: Why this is not a beginner's guide.
+* Terminology:: We use really difficult, like, words here.
+* Customization:: Tailoring Gnus to your needs.
+* Troubleshooting:: What you might try if things do not work.
+* Gnus Reference Guide:: Rilly, rilly technical stuff.
+* Emacs for Heathens:: A short introduction to Emacsian terms.
+* Frequently Asked Questions:: A question-and-answer session.
+
+History
+
+* Gnus Versions:: What Gnus versions have been released.
+* Other Gnus Versions:: Other Gnus versions that also have been released.
+* Why?:: What's the point of Gnus?
+* Compatibility:: Just how compatible is Gnus with @sc{gnus}?
+* Conformity:: Gnus tries to conform to all standards.
+* Emacsen:: Gnus can be run on a few modern Emacsen.
+* Gnus Development:: How Gnus is developed.
+* Contributors:: Oodles of people.
+* New Features:: Pointers to some of the new stuff in Gnus.
+* Newest Features:: Features so new that they haven't been written yet.
+
+New Features
+
+* ding Gnus:: New things in Gnus 5.0/5.1, the first new Gnus.
+* September Gnus:: The Thing Formally Known As Gnus 5.3/5.3.
+* Red Gnus:: Third time best---Gnus 5.4/5.5.
+* Quassia Gnus:: Two times two is four, or Gnus 5.6/5.7.
+
+Customization
+
+* Slow/Expensive Connection:: You run a local Emacs and get the news elsewhere.
+* Slow Terminal Connection:: You run a remote Emacs.
+* Little Disk Space:: You feel that having large setup files is icky.
+* Slow Machine:: You feel like buying a faster machine.
+
+Gnus Reference Guide
+
+* Gnus Utility Functions:: Common functions and variable to use.
+* Backend Interface:: How Gnus communicates with the servers.
+* Score File Syntax:: A BNF definition of the score file standard.
+* Headers:: How Gnus stores headers internally.
+* Ranges:: A handy format for storing mucho numbers.
+* Group Info:: The group info format.
+* Extended Interactive:: Symbolic prefixes and stuff.
+* Emacs/XEmacs Code:: Gnus can be run under all modern Emacsen.
+* Various File Formats:: Formats of files that Gnus use.
+
+Backend Interface
+
+* Required Backend Functions:: Functions that must be implemented.
+* Optional Backend Functions:: Functions that need not be implemented.
+* Error Messaging:: How to get messages and report errors.
+* Writing New Backends:: Extending old backends.
+* Hooking New Backends Into Gnus:: What has to be done on the Gnus end.
+* Mail-like Backends:: Some tips on mail backends.
+
+Various File Formats
+
+* Active File Format:: Information on articles and groups available.
+* Newsgroups File Format:: Group descriptions.
+
+Emacs for Heathens
+
+* Keystrokes:: Entering text and executing commands.
+* Emacs Lisp:: The built-in Emacs programming language.
+
+@end detailmenu
@end menu
@node Starting Up
handy if you want to read the most important groups before you read the
rest.
+If this variable is @code{best}, Gnus will make the next newsgroup the
+one with the best level.
+
@vindex gnus-group-default-list-level
All groups with a level less than or equal to
@code{gnus-group-default-list-level} will be listed in the group buffer
List all groups that have names or descriptions that match a regexp
(@code{gnus-group-description-apropos}).
+@item A c
+@kindex A c (Group)
+@findex gnus-group-list-cached
+List all groups with cached articles (@code{gnus-group-list-cached}).
+
@end table
@vindex gnus-permanently-visible-groups
@item L
Number of lines in the article.
@item c
-Number of characters in the article.
+Number of characters in the article. This specifier is not supported in some
+methods (like nnfolder).
@item I
Indentation based on thread level (@pxref{Customizing Threading}).
@item T
@findex gnus-summary-limit-to-extra
Limit the summary buffer to articles that match one of the ``extra''
headers (@pxref{To From Newsgroups})
-(@code{gnus-summary-limit-to-author}).
+(@code{gnus-summary-limit-to-extra}).
@item / u
@itemx x
@kindex / t (Summary)
@findex gnus-summary-limit-to-age
Ask for a number and then limit the summary buffer to articles older than (or equal to) that number of days
-(@code{gnus-summary-limit-to-marks}). If given a prefix, limit to
+(@code{gnus-summary-limit-to-age}). If given a prefix, limit to
articles younger than that number of days.
@item / n
@item T n
@kindex T n (Summary)
+@itemx M-C-n
+@kindex M-C-n (Summary)
+@itemx M-down
+@kindex M-down (Summary)
@findex gnus-summary-next-thread
Go to the next thread (@code{gnus-summary-next-thread}).
@item T p
@kindex T p (Summary)
+@itemx M-C-p
+@kindex M-C-p (Summary)
+@itemx M-up
+@kindex M-up (Summary)
@findex gnus-summary-prev-thread
Go to the previous thread (@code{gnus-summary-prev-thread}).
Non-@code{nil} means that @code{gnus-uu}, when asked to save without
decoding, will save in digests. If this variable is @code{nil},
@code{gnus-uu} will just save everything in a file without any
-embellishments. The digesting almost conforms to RFC1153---no easy way
+embellishments. The digesting almost conforms to RFC 1153---no easy way
to specify any meaningful volume and issue numbers were found, so I
simply dropped them.
@kindex W W l (Summary)
@findex gnus-article-hide-list-identifiers
@vindex gnus-list-identifiers
-Hide list identifiers specified in @code{gnus-list-identifiers}. These
-are strings some list servers add to the beginning of all @code{Subject}
-headers---for example, @samp{[zebra 4711]}.
+Strip list identifiers specified in @code{gnus-list-identifiers}.
+These are strings some mailing list servers add to the beginning of
+all @code{Subject} headers---for example, @samp{[zebra 4711]}. Any
+leading @samp{Re: } is skipped before stripping.
@table @code
@table @kbd
@item K b
@kindex K b (Summary)
-Make all the @sc{mime} parts have buttons in from of them.
+Make all the @sc{mime} parts have buttons in from of them. This is
+mostly useful if you wish to save (or perform other actions) on inlined
+parts.
@item K m
@kindex K m (Summary)
@item W M w
@kindex W M w (Summary)
-Decode RFC2047-encoded words in the article headers
+Decode RFC 2047-encoded words in the article headers
(@code{gnus-article-decode-mime-words}).
@item W M c
Parameters}). The default value is @code{(unknown-8bit)}, which is
something some agents insist on having in there.
-@cindex Russina
+@vindex gnus-group-posting-charset-alist
+When posting, @code{gnus-group-posting-charset-alist} is used to
+determine which charsets should not be encoded using the @sc{mime}
+encodings. For instance, some hierarchies discourage using
+quoted-printable header encoding.
+
+This variable is an alist of regexps and permitted unencoded charsets
+for posting. Each element of the alist has the form @code{(}@var{test
+header body-list}@code{)}, where:
+
+@table @var
+@item test
+is either a regular expression matching the newsgroup header or a
+variable to query,
+@item header
+is the charset which may be left unencoded in the header (@code{nil}
+means encode all charsets),
+@item body-list
+is a list of charsets which may be encoded using 8bit content-transfer
+encoding in the body, or one of the special values @code{nil} (always
+encode using quoted-printable) or @code{t} (always use 8bit).
+@end table
+
+@cindex Russian
@cindex koi8-r
@cindex koi8-u
@cindex iso-8859-5
any other article. If this variable is @code{t}, it won't display the
article---it'll be as if it never existed.
+@vindex gnus-alter-articles-to-read-function
+@item gnus-alter-articles-to-read-function
+This function, which takes two parameters (the group name and the list
+of articles to be selected), is called to allow the user to alter the
+list of articles to be selected.
+
+For instance, the following function adds the list of cached articles to
+the list in one particular group:
+
+@lisp
+(defun my-add-cached-articles (group articles)
+ (if (string= group "some.group")
+ (append gnus-newsgroup-cached articles)
+ articles))
+@end lisp
+
@end table
@end table
@vindex gnus-exit-group-hook
-@code{gnus-exit-group-hook} is called when you exit the current
-group.
+@code{gnus-exit-group-hook} is called when you exit the current group
+with an ``updating'' exit. For instance @kbd{Q}
+(@code{gnus-summary-exit-no-update}) does not call this hook.
@findex gnus-summary-wake-up-the-dead
@findex gnus-dead-summary-mode
(add-hook 'message-send-hook 'ispell-message)
@end lisp
+If you want to change the @code{ispell} dictionary based on what group
+you're in, you could say something like the following:
+
+@lisp
+(add-hook 'gnus-select-group-hook
+ (lambda ()
+ (cond
+ ((string-match "^de\\." gnus-newsgroup-name)
+ (ispell-change-dictionary "deutsch"))
+ (t
+ (ispell-change-dictionary "english")))))
+@end lisp
+
+Modify to suit your needs.
+
@node Archived Messages
@section Archived Messages
@code{organization}, @code{address}, @code{name} or @code{body}. The
attribute name can also be a string. In that case, this will be used as
a header name, and the value will be inserted in the headers of the
-article. If the attribute name is @code{eval}, the form is evaluated,
-and the result is thrown away.
+article; if the value is @code{nil}, the header name will be removed.
+If the attribute name is @code{eval}, the form is evaluated, and the
+result is thrown away.
The attribute value can be a string (used verbatim), a function with
zero arguments (the return value will be used), a variable (its value
(signature my-quote-randomizer))
((message-news-p)
(signature my-news-signature))
- ((header "From.*To" "larsi.*org")
+ (header "From.*To" "larsi.*org"
(Organization "Somewhere, Inc."))
((posting-from-work-p)
(signature-file "~/.work-signature")
@item
Each line may contain an arbitrary number of token/value pairs. The
valid tokens include @samp{machine}, @samp{login}, @samp{password},
-@samp{default} and @samp{force}. (The latter is not a valid
-@file{.netrc}/@code{ftp} token, which is the only way the
+@samp{default}, @samp{port} and @samp{force}. (The latter is not a
+valid @file{.netrc}/@code{ftp} token, which is almost the only way the
@file{.authinfo} file format deviates from the @file{.netrc} file
format.)
sometimes peek in your mailbox with a @sc{imap} client and mark some
articles as read (or; SEEN) you might want to set this to @samp{nil}.
Then all articles in the mailbox is fetched, no matter what. For a
-complete list of predicates, see RFC2060 §6.4.4.
+complete list of predicates, see RFC 2060 §6.4.4.
@item :fetchflag
How to flag fetched articles on the server, the default @samp{Deleted}
will mark them as deleted, an alternative would be @samp{Seen} which
would simply mark them as read. These are the two most likely choices,
-but more flags are defined in RFC2060 §2.3.2.
+but more flags are defined in RFC 2060 §2.3.2.
@item :dontexpunge
If non-nil, don't remove all articles marked as deleted in the mailbox
An example @sc{imap} mail source:
@lisp
-(imap :server "mail.mycorp.com" :stream kerberos4)
+(imap :server "mail.mycorp.com" :stream kerberos4 :fetchflag "\\Seen")
@end lisp
@item webmail
@table @code
@item :plugged
-If non-nil, fetch the mail even when Gnus is unplugged.
+If non-nil, fetch the mail even when Gnus is unplugged. If you use
+directory source to get mail, you can specify it as in this example:
+
+@lisp
+(setq mail-sources
+ '((directory :path "/home/pavel/.Spool/"
+ :suffix ""
+ :plugged t)))
+@end lisp
+
+Gnus will then fetch your mail even when you are unplugged. This is
+useful when you use local mail and news.
@end table
@end table
@vindex nnmail-split-hook
@item nnmail-split-hook
@findex article-decode-encoded-words
-@findex RFC1522 decoding
-@findex RFC2047 decoding
+@findex RFC 1522 decoding
+@findex RFC 2047 decoding
Hook run in the buffer where the mail headers of each message is kept
just before the splitting based on these headers is done. The hook is
free to modify the buffer contents in any way it sees fit---the buffer
You can also use the @code{expiry-wait} group parameter to selectively
change the expiry period (@pxref{Group Parameters}).
+@vindex nnmail-expiry-target
+The normal action taken when expiring articles is to delete them.
+However, in some circumstances it might make more sense to move them to
+other groups instead of deleting them. The @code{nnmail-expiry-target}
+(and the @code{expiry-target} group parameter) controls this. The
+default value is @code{delete}, but this can also be a string (which
+should be the name of the group the message should be moved to), or a
+function (which will be called in a buffer narrowed to the message in
+question, and with the name of the group being moved from as its
+parameter) which should return a target -- either a group name or
+@code{delete}.
+
@vindex nnmail-keep-last-article
If @code{nnmail-keep-last-article} is non-@code{nil}, Gnus will never
expire the final article in a mail newsgroup. This is to make life
@cindex incoming mail treatment
Mailers and list servers are notorious for doing all sorts of really,
-really stupid things with mail. ``Hey, RFC822 doesn't explicitly
+really stupid things with mail. ``Hey, RFC 822 doesn't explicitly
prohibit us from adding the string @code{wE aRe ElItE!!!!!1!!} to the
end of all lines passing through our server, so let's do that!!!!1!''
-Yes, but RFC822 wasn't designed to be read by morons. Things that were
+Yes, but RFC 822 wasn't designed to be read by morons. Things that were
considered to be self-evident were not discussed. So. Here we are.
Case in point: The German version of Microsoft Exchange adds @samp{AW:
* Slashdot:: Reading the Slashdot comments.
* Ultimate:: The Ultimate Bulletin Board systems.
* Web Archive:: Reading mailing list archived on web.
+* Customizing w3:: Doing stuff to Emacs/w3 from Gnus.
@end menu
+All the web sources require Emacs/w3 and the url library to work.
+
The main caveat with all these web sources is that they probably won't
work for a very long time. Gleaning information from the @sc{html} data
is guesswork at best, and when the layout is altered, the Gnus backend
@samp{~/News/ultimate/}.
@end table
+
@node Web Archive
@subsection Web Archive
@cindex nnwarchive
The easiest way to get started with @code{nnwarchive} is to say
something like the following in the group buffer: @kbd{M-x
-gnus-group-make-nnwarchive-group RET an_egroup RET egroups RET
+gnus-group-make-warchive-group RET an_egroup RET egroups RET
www.egroups.com RET your@@email.address RET}. (Substitute the
@sc{an_egroup} with the mailing list you subscribed, the
@sc{your@@email.address} with your email address.), or to browse the
The password for your account on the web server.
@end table
+
+@node Customizing w3
+@subsection Customizing w3
+@cindex w3
+@cindex html
+@cindex url
+@cindex Netscape
+
+Gnus uses the url library to fetch web pages and Emacs/w3 to display web
+pages. Emacs/w3 is documented in its own manual, but there are some
+things that may be more relevant for Gnus users.
+
+For instance, a common question is how to make Emacs/w3 follow links
+using the @code{browse-url} functions (which will call some external web
+browser like Netscape). Here's one way:
+
+@lisp
+(eval-after-load "w3"
+ '(progn
+ (fset 'w3-fetch-orig (symbol-function 'w3-fetch))
+ (defun w3-fetch (&optional url target)
+ (interactive (list (w3-read-url-with-default)))
+ (if (eq major-mode 'gnus-article-mode)
+ (browse-url url)
+ (w3-fetch-orig url target)))))
+@end lisp
+
+Put that in your @file{.emacs} file, and hitting links in w3-rendered
+@sc{html} in the Gnus article buffers will use @code{browse-url} to
+follow the link.
+
+
@node Other Sources
@section Other Sources
@item nnimap-stream
@vindex nnimap-stream
The type of stream used to connect to your server. By default, nnimap
-will use the most secure stream your server is capable of.
+will detect and automatically use all of the below, with the exception
+of SSL. (SSL is being replaced by STARTTLS, which can be automatically
+detected, but it's not widely deployed yet).
@itemize @bullet
@item
-@dfn{kerberos4:} Uses the `imtest' program.
+@dfn{gssapi:} Connect with GSSAPI (usually kerberos 5). Require the
+@samp{imtest} program.
@item
-@dfn{ssl:} Uses OpenSSL or SSLeay.
+@dfn{kerberos4:} Connect with kerberos 4. Require the @samp{imtest} program.
+@item
+@dfn{starttls:} Connect via the STARTTLS extension (similar to
+SSL). Require the external library @samp{starttls.el} and program
+@samp{starttls}.
+@item
+@dfn{ssl:} Connect through SSL. Require OpenSSL (the
+program @samp{openssl}) or SSLeay (@samp{s_client}).
@item
@dfn{network:} Plain, TCP/IP network connection.
@end itemize
+The @samp{imtest} program is shipped with Cyrus IMAPD, nnimap support
+both @samp{imtest} version 1.5.x and version 1.6.x.
+
+For SSL connections, the OpenSSL program is available from
+@file{http://www.openssl.org/}. OpenSSL was formerly known as SSLeay,
+and nnimap support it too - although the most recent versions of SSLeay,
+0.9.x, are known to have serious bugs making it useless. Earlier
+versions, especially 0.8.x, of SSLeay are known to work.
+
@item nnimap-authenticator
@vindex nnimap-authenticator
@itemize @bullet
@item
-@dfn{kerberos4:} Kerberos authentication.
+@dfn{gssapi:} GSSAPI (usually kerberos 5) authentication. Require
+external program @code{imtest}.
+@item
+@dfn{kerberos4:} Kerberos authentication. Require external program
+@code{imtest}.
+@item
+@dfn{digest-md5:} Encrypted username/password via DIGEST-MD5. Require
+external library @code{digest-md5.el}.
@item
@dfn{cram-md5:} Encrypted username/password via CRAM-MD5.
@item
Nnmail equivalent: @code{nnmail-split-methods}.
+@item nnimap-split-predicate
+@cindex splitting
+@vindex nnimap-split-predicate
+
+Mail matching this predicate in @code{nnimap-split-inbox} will be
+splitted, it is a string and the default is @samp{UNSEEN UNDELETED}.
+
+This might be useful if you use another @sc{imap} client to read mail in
+your inbox but would like Gnus to split all articles in the inbox
+regardless of readedness. Then you might change this to
+@samp{UNDELETED}.
+
@item nnimap-split-fancy
@cindex splitting, fancy
@findex nnimap-split-fancy
summary buffer looks like. Set @code{gnus-summary-goto-unread} to
@code{nil} for a more straightforward action.
+Many commands do not use the process/prefix convention. All commands
+that do explicitly say so in this manual. To apply the process/prefix
+convention to commands that do not use it, you can use the @kbd{M-&}
+command. For instance, to mark all the articles in the group as
+expirable, you could say `M P b M-& E'.
+
@node Interactive
@section Interactive
Emacs 20.3 and up.
@item
-XEmacs 20.4 and up.
+XEmacs 21.1.1 and up.
@end itemize
turn into a [-] button.)
@item
+Perhaps there should be a command to "attach" a buffer of comments to
+a message? That is, `B WHATEVER', you're popped into a buffer, write
+something, end with `C-c C-c', and then the thing you've written gets
+to be the child of the message you're commenting.
+
+@item
+Handle external-body parts.
+
+@item
Solve the halting problem.
@c TODO
@item digest
@cindex digest
A collection of messages in one file. The most common digest format is
-specified by RFC1153.
+specified by RFC 1153.
@end table
just shamelessly @emph{stole} the entire thing, and one would be right.
@dfn{Header} is a severely overloaded term. ``Header'' is used in
-RFC1036 to talk about lines in the head of an article (e.g.,
+RFC 1036 to talk about lines in the head of an article (e.g.,
@code{From}). It is used by many people as a synonym for
``head''---``the header and the body''. (That should be avoided, in my
opinion.) And Gnus uses a format internally that it calls ``header'',
projects / elisp / gnus.git- / blobdiff