X-Git-Url: http://git.chise.org/gitweb/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=doc%2Ftexinfo.tex;h=7c912ca78976c62fc56d5f907805dcb0f79f6b14;hb=4e796a3f149bcb0aa9824d1cd26285503c35339d;hp=fbaaebd250ab0407b129a78d047d70394baeae59;hpb=3cf9745e0d81aebbe995a5bae109f51b4cacf2ab;p=elisp%2Fwanderlust.git

diff --git a/doc/texinfo.tex b/doc/texinfo.tex
index fbaaebd..7c912ca 100644
--- a/doc/texinfo.tex
+++ b/doc/texinfo.tex
@@ -3,10 +3,10 @@
 % Load plain if necessary, i.e., if running under initex.
 \expandafter\ifx\csname fmtname\endcsname\relax\input plain\fi
 %
-\def\texinfoversion{2002-10-13.14}
+\def\texinfoversion{2003-01-27.08}
 %
 % Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995,
-% 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+% 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 %
 % This texinfo.tex file is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 % modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
@@ -29,9 +29,8 @@
 %
 % Please try the latest version of texinfo.tex before submitting bug
 % reports; you can get the latest version from:
-%   ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/texinfo.tex
+%   ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/texinfo/texinfo.tex
 %     (and all GNU mirrors, see http://www.gnu.org/order/ftp.html)
-%   ftp://texinfo.org/texinfo/texinfo.tex
 %   ftp://tug.org/tex/texinfo.tex
 %     (and all CTAN mirrors, see http://www.ctan.org),
 %   and /home/gd/gnu/doc/texinfo.tex on the GNU machines.
@@ -56,9 +55,10 @@
 % The extra TeX runs get the cross-reference information correct.
 % Sometimes one run after texindex suffices, and sometimes you need more
 % than two; texi2dvi does it as many times as necessary.
-%
-% It is possible to adapt texinfo.tex for other languages.  You can get
-% the existing language-specific files from the full Texinfo distribution.
+% 
+% It is possible to adapt texinfo.tex for other languages, to some
+% extent.  You can get the existing language-specific files from the
+% full Texinfo distribution.
 
 \message{Loading texinfo [version \texinfoversion]:}
 
@@ -68,6 +68,13 @@
 \everyjob{\message{[Texinfo version \texinfoversion]}%
   \catcode`+=\active \catcode`\_=\active}
 
+\message{Basics,}
+\chardef\other=12
+
+% We never want plain's outer \+ definition in Texinfo.
+% For @tex, we can use \tabalign.
+\let\+ = \relax
+
 % Save some parts of plain tex whose names we will redefine.
 \let\ptexb=\b
 \let\ptexbullet=\bullet
@@ -78,19 +85,16 @@
 \let\ptexend=\end
 \let\ptexequiv=\equiv
 \let\ptexexclam=\!
+\let\ptexgtr=>
+\let\ptexhat=^
 \let\ptexi=\i
 \let\ptexlbrace=\{
+\let\ptexless=<
+\let\ptexplus=+
 \let\ptexrbrace=\}
 \let\ptexstar=\*
 \let\ptext=\t
 
-% We never want plain's outer \+ definition in Texinfo.
-% For @tex, we can use \tabalign.
-\let\+ = \relax
-
-\message{Basics,}
-\chardef\other=12
-
 % If this character appears in an error message or help string, it
 % starts a new line in the output.
 \newlinechar = `^^J
@@ -137,6 +141,18 @@
 \ifx\putwordDeffunc\undefined   \gdef\putwordDeffunc{Function}\fi
 \ifx\putwordDeftypefun\undefined\gdef\putwordDeftypefun{Function}\fi
 
+% In some macros, we cannot use the `\? notation---the left quote is
+% in some cases the escape char.
+\chardef\colonChar = `\:
+\chardef\commaChar = `\,
+\chardef\dotChar   = `\.
+\chardef\equalChar = `\=
+\chardef\exclamChar= `\!
+\chardef\questChar = `\?
+\chardef\semiChar  = `\;
+\chardef\spaceChar = `\ %
+\chardef\underChar = `\_
+
 % Ignore a token.
 %
 \def\gobble#1{}
@@ -159,24 +175,30 @@
 
 % Sometimes it is convenient to have everything in the transcript file
 % and nothing on the terminal.  We don't just call \tracingall here,
-% since that produces some useless output on the terminal.
+% since that produces some useless output on the terminal.  We also make
+% some effort to order the tracing commands to reduce output in the log
+% file; cf. trace.sty in LaTeX.
 %
 \def\gloggingall{\begingroup \globaldefs = 1 \loggingall \endgroup}%
-\ifx\eTeXversion\undefined
-\def\loggingall{\tracingcommands2 \tracingstats2
-   \tracingpages1 \tracingoutput1 \tracinglostchars1
-   \tracingmacros2 \tracingparagraphs1 \tracingrestores1
-   \showboxbreadth\maxdimen\showboxdepth\maxdimen
-}%
-\else
-\def\loggingall{\tracingcommands3 \tracingstats2
-   \tracingpages1 \tracingoutput1 \tracinglostchars1
-   \tracingmacros2 \tracingparagraphs1 \tracingrestores1
-   \tracingscantokens1 \tracingassigns1 \tracingifs1
-   \tracinggroups1 \tracingnesting2
-   \showboxbreadth\maxdimen\showboxdepth\maxdimen
+\def\loggingall{%
+  \tracingstats2
+  \tracingpages1
+  \tracinglostchars2  % 2 gives us more in etex
+  \tracingparagraphs1
+  \tracingoutput1
+  \tracingmacros2
+  \tracingrestores1
+  \showboxbreadth\maxdimen \showboxdepth\maxdimen
+  \ifx\eTeXversion\undefined\else % etex gives us more logging
+    \tracingscantokens1
+    \tracingifs1
+    \tracinggroups1
+    \tracingnesting2
+    \tracingassigns1
+  \fi
+  \tracingcommands3  % 3 gives us more in etex
+  \errorcontextlines\maxdimen
 }%
-\fi
 
 % add check for \lastpenalty to plain's definitions.  If the last thing
 % we did was a \nobreak, we don't want to insert more space.
@@ -281,7 +303,7 @@
       \egroup % \vbox from first cropmarks clause
       \fi
     }% end of \shipout\vbox
-  }% end of group with \turnoffactive
+  }% end of group with \normalturnoffactive
   \advancepageno
   \ifnum\outputpenalty>-20000 \else\dosupereject\fi
 }
@@ -441,17 +463,6 @@
 }
 
 
-% Single-spacing is done by various environments (specifically, in
-% \nonfillstart and \quotations).
-\newskip\singlespaceskip \singlespaceskip = 12.5pt
-\def\singlespace{%
-  % Why was this kern here?  It messes up equalizing space above and below
-  % environments.  --karl, 6may93
-  %{\advance \baselineskip by -\singlespaceskip
-  %\kern \baselineskip}%
-  \setleading\singlespaceskip
-}
-
 %% Simple single-character @ commands
 
 % @@ prints an @
@@ -471,16 +482,19 @@
 \let\{=\mylbrace
 \let\}=\myrbrace
 \begingroup
-  % Definitions to produce actual \{ & \} command in an index.
-  \catcode`\{ = 12 \catcode`\} = 12
+  % Definitions to produce \{ and \} commands for indices,
+  % and @{ and @} for the aux file.
+  \catcode`\{ = \other \catcode`\} = \other
   \catcode`\[ = 1 \catcode`\] = 2
-  \catcode`\@ = 0 \catcode`\\ = 12
-  @gdef@lbracecmd[\{]%
-  @gdef@rbracecmd[\}]%
-@endgroup
+  \catcode`\! = 0 \catcode`\\ = \other
+  !gdef!lbracecmd[\{]%
+  !gdef!rbracecmd[\}]%
+  !gdef!lbraceatcmd[@{]%
+  !gdef!rbraceatcmd[@}]%
+!endgroup
 
 % Accents: @, @dotaccent @ringaccent @ubaraccent @udotaccent
-% Others are defined by plain TeX: @` @' @" @^ @~ @= @v @H.
+% Others are defined by plain TeX: @` @' @" @^ @~ @= @u @v @H.
 \let\, = \c
 \let\dotaccent = \.
 \def\ringaccent#1{{\accent23 #1}}
@@ -489,7 +503,7 @@
 \let\udotaccent = \d
 
 % Other special characters: @questiondown @exclamdown
-% Plain TeX defines: @AA @AE @O @OE @L (and lowercase versions) @ss.
+% Plain TeX defines: @AA @AE @O @OE @L (plus lowercase versions) @ss.
 \def\questiondown{?`}
 \def\exclamdown{!`}
 
@@ -758,30 +772,36 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
 % @include file    insert text of that file as input.
 % Allow normal characters that  we make active in the argument (a file name).
 \def\include{\begingroup
-  \catcode`\\=12
-  \catcode`~=12
-  \catcode`^=12
-  \catcode`_=12
-  \catcode`|=12
-  \catcode`<=12
-  \catcode`>=12
-  \catcode`+=12
+  \catcode`\\=\other
+  \catcode`~=\other
+  \catcode`^=\other
+  \catcode`_=\other
+  \catcode`|=\other
+  \catcode`<=\other
+  \catcode`>=\other
+  \catcode`+=\other
   \parsearg\includezzz}
 % Restore active chars for included file.
 \def\includezzz#1{\endgroup\begingroup
   % Read the included file in a group so nested @include's work.
   \def\thisfile{#1}%
+  \let\value=\expandablevalue
   \input\thisfile
 \endgroup}
 
 \def\thisfile{}
 
-% @center line   outputs that line, centered
-
-\def\center{\parsearg\centerzzz}
-\def\centerzzz #1{{\advance\hsize by -\leftskip
-\advance\hsize by -\rightskip
-\centerline{#1}}}
+% @center line
+% outputs that line, centered.
+%
+\def\center{\parsearg\docenter}
+\def\docenter#1{{%
+  \ifhmode \hfil\break \fi
+  \advance\hsize by -\leftskip
+  \advance\hsize by -\rightskip
+  \line{\hfil \ignorespaces#1\unskip \hfil}%
+  \ifhmode \break \fi
+}}
 
 % @sp n   outputs n lines of vertical space
 
@@ -846,11 +866,6 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
 % to set catcodes according to plain TeX first, to allow for subscripts,
 % superscripts, special math chars, etc.
 % 
-% @math does not do math typesetting in section titles, index
-% entries, and other such contexts where the catcodes are set before
-% @math gets a chance to work.  This could perhaps be fixed, but for now
-% at least we can have real math in the main text, where it's needed most.
-%
 \let\implicitmath = $%$ font-lock fix
 %
 % One complication: _ usually means subscripts, but it could also mean
@@ -858,9 +873,9 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
 % _ within @math be active (mathcode "8000), and distinguish by seeing
 % if the current family is \slfam, which is what @var uses.
 % 
-{\catcode95 = \active  % 95 = _
+{\catcode\underChar = \active
 \gdef\mathunderscore{%
-  \catcode95=\active
+  \catcode\underChar=\active
   \def_{\ifnum\fam=\slfam \_\else\sb\fi}%
 }}
 %
@@ -876,9 +891,27 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
   \tex
   \mathcode`\_="8000 \mathunderscore
   \let\\ = \mathbackslash
+  \mathactive
   \implicitmath\finishmath}
 \def\finishmath#1{#1\implicitmath\Etex}
 
+% Some active characters (such as <) are spaced differently in math.
+% We have to reset their definitions in case the @math was an
+% argument to a command which set the catcodes (such as @item or @section).
+% 
+{
+  \catcode`^ = \active
+  \catcode`< = \active
+  \catcode`> = \active
+  \catcode`+ = \active
+  \gdef\mathactive{%
+    \let^ = \ptexhat
+    \let< = \ptexless
+    \let> = \ptexgtr
+    \let+ = \ptexplus
+  }
+}
+
 % @bullet and @minus need the same treatment as @math, just above.
 \def\bullet{\implicitmath\ptexbullet\implicitmath}
 \def\minus{\implicitmath-\implicitmath}
@@ -970,7 +1003,7 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
       \ifx\empty\imagewidth\else width \imagewidth \fi
       \ifx\empty\imageheight\else height \imageheight \fi
       \ifnum\pdftexversion<13
-	 #1.pdf%
+         #1.pdf%
        \else
          {#1.pdf}%
        \fi
@@ -1182,9 +1215,10 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
   \setfont\textrm\rmshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
   \setfont\texttt\ttshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
 \fi
-% Instead of cmb10, you many want to use cmbx10.
+% Instead of cmb10, you may want to use cmbx10.
 % cmbx10 is a prettier font on its own, but cmb10
-% looks better when embedded in a line with cmr10.
+% looks better when embedded in a line with cmr10
+% (in Bob's opinion).
 \setfont\textbf\bfshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
 \setfont\textit\itshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
 \setfont\textsl\slshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
@@ -1333,7 +1367,25 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
   \let\tensf=\smallersf \let\teni=\smalleri \let\tensy=\smallersy
   \let\tenttsl=\smallerttsl
   \resetmathfonts \setleading{9.5pt}}
-\let\smallexamplefonts = \smallerfonts
+
+% Set the fonts to use with the @small... environments.
+\let\smallexamplefonts = \smallfonts
+
+% About \smallexamplefonts.  If we use \smallfonts (9pt), @smallexample
+% can fit this many characters:
+%   8.5x11=86   smallbook=72  a4=90  a5=69
+% If we use \smallerfonts (8pt), then we can fit this many characters:
+%   8.5x11=90+  smallbook=80  a4=90+  a5=77
+% For me, subjectively, the few extra characters that fit aren't worth
+% the additional smallness of 8pt.  So I'm making the default 9pt.
+% 
+% By the way, for comparison, here's what fits with @example (10pt):
+%   8.5x11=71  smallbook=60  a4=75  a5=58
+% 
+% I wish we used A4 paper on this side of the Atlantic.
+% 
+% --karl, 24jan03.
+
 
 % Set up the default fonts, so we can use them for creating boxes.
 %
@@ -1358,8 +1410,8 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
 % \smartitalic{ARG} outputs arg in italics, followed by an italic correction
 % unless the following character is such as not to need one.
 \def\smartitalicx{\ifx\next,\else\ifx\next-\else\ifx\next.\else\/\fi\fi\fi}
-\def\smartslanted#1{{\sl #1}\futurelet\next\smartitalicx}
-\def\smartitalic#1{{\it #1}\futurelet\next\smartitalicx}
+\def\smartslanted#1{{\ifusingtt\ttsl\sl #1}\futurelet\next\smartitalicx}
+\def\smartitalic#1{{\ifusingtt\ttsl\it #1}\futurelet\next\smartitalicx}
 
 \let\i=\smartitalic
 \let\var=\smartslanted
@@ -1377,6 +1429,17 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
 \def\nohyphenation{\hyphenchar\font = -1  \aftergroup\restorehyphenation}
 \def\restorehyphenation{\hyphenchar\font = `- }
 
+% Set sfcode to normal for the chars that usually have another value.
+% Can't use plain's \frenchspacing because it uses the `\x notation, and
+% sometimes \x has an active definition that messes things up.
+% 
+\catcode`@=11
+  \def\frenchspacing{%
+    \sfcode\dotChar  =\@m \sfcode\questChar=\@m \sfcode\exclamChar=\@m
+    \sfcode\colonChar=\@m \sfcode\semiChar =\@m \sfcode\commaChar =\@m
+  }
+\catcode`@=\other
+
 \def\t#1{%
   {\tt \rawbackslash \frenchspacing #1}%
   \null
@@ -1476,15 +1539,17 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
     \gdef\kbdexamplefont{\ttsl}\gdef\kbdfont{\tt}%
   \else\ifx\arg\wordcode
     \gdef\kbdexamplefont{\tt}\gdef\kbdfont{\tt}%
+  \else
+    \errhelp = \EMsimple
+    \errmessage{Unknown @kbdinputstyle `\arg'}%
   \fi\fi\fi
 }
 \def\worddistinct{distinct}
 \def\wordexample{example}
 \def\wordcode{code}
 
-% Default is kbdinputdistinct.  (Too much of a hassle to call the macro,
-% the catcodes are wrong for parsearg to work.)
-\gdef\kbdexamplefont{\ttsl}\gdef\kbdfont{\ttsl}
+% Default is `distinct.'
+\kbdinputstyle distinct
 
 \def\xkey{\key}
 \def\kbdfoo#1#2#3\par{\def\one{#1}\def\three{#3}\def\threex{??}%
@@ -1880,10 +1945,18 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
     % \parskip glue -- logically it's part of the @item we just started.
     \nobreak \vskip-\parskip
     %
-    % Stop a page break at the \parskip glue coming up.  Unfortunately
+    % Stop a page break at the \parskip glue coming up.  (Unfortunately
     % we can't prevent a possible page break at the following
-    % \baselineskip glue.
-    \nobreak
+    % \baselineskip glue.)  However, if what follows is an environment
+    % such as @example, there will be no \parskip glue; then
+    % the negative vskip we just would cause the example and the item to
+    % crash together.  So we use this bizarre value of 10001 as a signal
+    % to \aboveenvbreak to insert \parskip glue after all.
+    % (Possibly there are other commands that could be followed by
+    % @example which need the same treatment, but not section titles; or
+    % maybe section titles are the only special case and they should be
+    % penalty 10001...)
+    \penalty 10001
     \endgroup
     \itemxneedsnegativevskipfalse
   \else
@@ -1989,11 +2062,6 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
 \def\itemcontents{#1}%
 \let\item=\itemizeitem}
 
-% Set sfcode to normal for the chars that usually have another value.
-% These are `.?!:;,'
-\def\frenchspacing{\sfcode46=1000 \sfcode63=1000 \sfcode33=1000
-  \sfcode58=1000 \sfcode59=1000 \sfcode44=1000 }
-
 % \splitoff TOKENS\endmark defines \first to be the first token in
 % TOKENS, and \rest to be the remainder.
 %
@@ -2215,8 +2283,8 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
          \let\go\pickupwholefraction
       \else
          \global\advance\colcount by 1
-         \setbox0=\hbox{#1\unskip }% Add a normal word space as a separator;
-                            % typically that is always in the input, anyway.
+         \setbox0=\hbox{#1\unskip\space}% Add a normal word space as a
+                   % separator; typically that is always in the input, anyway.
          \expandafter\xdef\csname col\the\colcount\endcsname{\the\wd0}%
       \fi
     \fi
@@ -2231,18 +2299,18 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
   \go
 }
 
-% This used to have \hskip1sp.  But then the space in a template line is
-% not enough.  That is bad.  So let's go back to just & until we
-% encounter the problem it was intended to solve again.
-% --karl, nathan@acm.org, 20apr99.
-\def\tab{&}
-
 % @multitable ... @end multitable definitions:
 %
 \def\multitable{\parsearg\dotable}
 \def\dotable#1{\bgroup
   \vskip\parskip
-  \let\item\crcr
+  \let\item=\crcrwithfootnotes
+  % A \tab used to include \hskip1sp.  But then the space in a template
+  % line is not enough.  That is bad.  So let's go back to just & until
+  % we encounter the problem it was intended to solve again.  --karl,
+  % nathan@acm.org, 20apr99.
+  \let\tab=&%
+  \let\startfootins=\startsavedfootnote
   \tolerance=9500
   \hbadness=9500
   \setmultitablespacing
@@ -2250,7 +2318,11 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.}
   \parindent=\multitableparindent
   \overfullrule=0pt
   \global\colcount=0
-  \def\Emultitable{\global\setpercentfalse\cr\egroup\egroup}%
+  \def\Emultitable{%
+    \global\setpercentfalse
+    \crcrwithfootnotes\crcr
+    \egroup\egroup
+  }%
   %
   % To parse everything between @multitable and @item:
   \setuptable#1 \endsetuptable
@@ -2339,6 +2411,25 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
                                       %% than skip between lines in the table.
 \fi}
 
+% In case a @footnote appears inside an alignment, save the footnote
+% text to a box and make the \insert when a row of the table is
+% finished.  Otherwise, the insertion is lost, it never migrates to the
+% main vertical list.  --kasal, 22jan03.
+%
+\newbox\savedfootnotes
+%
+% \dotable \let's \startfootins to this, so that \dofootnote will call
+% it instead of starting the insertion right away.
+\def\startsavedfootnote{%
+  \global\setbox\savedfootnotes = \vbox\bgroup
+    \unvbox\savedfootnotes
+}
+\def\crcrwithfootnotes{%
+  \crcr
+  \ifvoid\savedfootnotes \else
+    \noalign{\insert\footins{\box\savedfootnotes}}%
+  \fi
+}
 
 \message{conditionals,}
 % Prevent errors for section commands.
@@ -2374,50 +2465,101 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 % and so want to turn off most commands, in case they are used
 % incorrectly.
 %
+% We use \empty instead of \relax for the @def... commands, so that \end
+% doesn't throw an error.  For instance:
+% @ignore
+% @deffn ...
+% @end deffn
+% @end ignore
+% 
+% The @end deffn is going to get expanded, because we're trying to allow
+% nested conditionals.  But we don't want to expand the actual @deffn,
+% since it might be syntactically correct and intended to be ignored.
+% Since \end checks for \relax, using \empty does not cause an error.
+% 
 \def\ignoremorecommands{%
   \let\defcodeindex = \relax
-  \let\defcv = \relax
-  \let\deffn = \relax
-  \let\deffnx = \relax
+  \let\defcv = \empty
+  \let\defcvx = \empty
+  \let\Edefcv = \empty
+  \let\deffn = \empty
+  \let\deffnx = \empty
+  \let\Edeffn = \empty
   \let\defindex = \relax
-  \let\defivar = \relax
-  \let\defmac = \relax
-  \let\defmethod = \relax
-  \let\defop = \relax
-  \let\defopt = \relax
-  \let\defspec = \relax
-  \let\deftp = \relax
-  \let\deftypefn = \relax
-  \let\deftypefun = \relax
-  \let\deftypeivar = \relax
-  \let\deftypeop = \relax
-  \let\deftypevar = \relax
-  \let\deftypevr = \relax
-  \let\defun = \relax
-  \let\defvar = \relax
-  \let\defvr = \relax
-  \let\ref = \relax
-  \let\xref = \relax
-  \let\printindex = \relax
-  \let\pxref = \relax
-  \let\settitle = \relax
-  \let\setchapternewpage = \relax
-  \let\setchapterstyle = \relax
-  \let\everyheading = \relax
+  \let\defivar = \empty
+  \let\defivarx = \empty
+  \let\Edefivar = \empty
+  \let\defmac = \empty
+  \let\defmacx = \empty
+  \let\Edefmac = \empty
+  \let\defmethod = \empty
+  \let\defmethodx = \empty
+  \let\Edefmethod = \empty
+  \let\defop = \empty
+  \let\defopx = \empty
+  \let\Edefop = \empty
+  \let\defopt = \empty
+  \let\defoptx = \empty
+  \let\Edefopt = \empty
+  \let\defspec = \empty
+  \let\defspecx = \empty
+  \let\Edefspec = \empty
+  \let\deftp = \empty
+  \let\deftpx = \empty
+  \let\Edeftp = \empty
+  \let\deftypefn = \empty
+  \let\deftypefnx = \empty
+  \let\Edeftypefn = \empty
+  \let\deftypefun = \empty
+  \let\deftypefunx = \empty
+  \let\Edeftypefun = \empty
+  \let\deftypeivar = \empty
+  \let\deftypeivarx = \empty
+  \let\Edeftypeivar = \empty
+  \let\deftypemethod = \empty
+  \let\deftypemethodx = \empty
+  \let\Edeftypemethod = \empty
+  \let\deftypeop = \empty
+  \let\deftypeopx = \empty
+  \let\Edeftypeop = \empty
+  \let\deftypevar = \empty
+  \let\deftypevarx = \empty
+  \let\Edeftypevar = \empty
+  \let\deftypevr = \empty
+  \let\deftypevrx = \empty
+  \let\Edeftypevr = \empty
+  \let\defun = \empty
+  \let\defunx = \empty
+  \let\Edefun = \empty
+  \let\defvar = \empty
+  \let\defvarx = \empty
+  \let\Edefvar = \empty
+  \let\defvr = \empty
+  \let\defvrx = \empty
+  \let\Edefvr = \empty
+  \let\clear = \relax
+  \let\down = \relax
+  \let\evenfooting = \relax
   \let\evenheading = \relax
-  \let\oddheading = \relax
   \let\everyfooting = \relax
-  \let\evenfooting = \relax
-  \let\oddfooting = \relax
+  \let\everyheading = \relax
   \let\headings = \relax
   \let\include = \relax
+  \let\item = \relax
   \let\lowersections = \relax
-  \let\down = \relax
+  \let\oddfooting = \relax
+  \let\oddheading = \relax
+  \let\printindex = \relax
+  \let\pxref = \relax
   \let\raisesections = \relax
-  \let\up = \relax
+  \let\ref = \relax
   \let\set = \relax
-  \let\clear = \relax
-  \let\item = \relax
+  \let\setchapternewpage = \relax
+  \let\setchapterstyle = \relax
+  \let\settitle = \relax
+  \let\up = \relax
+  \let\verbatiminclude = \relax
+  \let\xref = \relax
 }
 
 % Ignore @ignore, @ifhtml, @ifinfo, and the like.
@@ -2451,7 +2593,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
   \long\def\doignoretext##1@end #1{\enddoignore}%
   %
   % Make sure that spaces turn into tokens that match what \doignoretext wants.
-  \catcode32 = 10
+  \catcode\spaceChar = 10
   %
   % Ignore braces, too, so mismatched braces don't cause trouble.
   \catcode`\{ = 9
@@ -2493,7 +2635,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
     \immediate\write16{If you are running another version of TeX, relax.}
     \immediate\write16{If you are running Unix TeX 3.0, kill this TeX process.}
     \immediate\write16{  Then upgrade your TeX installation if you can.}
-    \immediate\write16{  (See ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/TeX.README.)}
+    \immediate\write16{  (See ftp://ftp.gnu.org/non-gnu/TeX.README.)}
     \immediate\write16{If you are stuck with version 3.0, run the}
     \immediate\write16{  script ``tex3patch'' from the Texinfo distribution}
     \immediate\write16{  to use a workaround.}
@@ -2516,7 +2658,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
   % command, so that nested ignore constructs work.  Thus, we put the
   % text into a \vbox and then do nothing with the result.  To minimize
   % the chance of memory overflow, we follow the approach outlined on
-  % page 401 of the TeXbook: make the current font be a dummy font.
+  % page 401 of the TeXbook.
   %
   \setbox0 = \vbox\bgroup
     % Don't complain about control sequences we have declared \outer.
@@ -2537,8 +2679,8 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
     %
     % Set the current font to be \nullfont, a TeX primitive, and define
     % all the font commands to also use \nullfont.  We don't use
-    % dummy.tfm, as suggested in the TeXbook, because not all sites
-    % might have that installed.  Therefore, math mode will still
+    % dummy.tfm, as suggested in the TeXbook, because some sites
+    % might not have that installed.  Therefore, math mode will still
     % produce output, but that should be an extremely small amount of
     % stuff compared to the main input.
     %
@@ -2612,7 +2754,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
   % we're called from @code, as @code{@value{foo-bar_}}.  So \let any
   % such active characters to their normal equivalents.
   \gdef\value{\begingroup
-    \catcode`\-=12 \catcode`\_=12
+    \catcode`\-=\other \catcode`\_=\other
     \indexbreaks \let_\normalunderscore
     \valuexxx}
 }
@@ -2621,15 +2763,17 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 % We have this subroutine so that we can handle at least some @value's
 % properly in indexes (we \let\value to this in \indexdummies).  Ones
 % whose names contain - or _ still won't work, but we can't do anything
-% about that.  The command has to be fully expandable, since the result
-% winds up in the index file.  This means that if the variable's value
-% contains other Texinfo commands, it's almost certain it will fail
-% (although perhaps we could fix that with sufficient work to do a
-% one-level expansion on the result, instead of complete).
+% about that.  The command has to be fully expandable (if the variable
+% is set), since the result winds up in the index file.  This means that
+% if the variable's value contains other Texinfo commands, it's almost
+% certain it will fail (although perhaps we could fix that with
+% sufficient work to do a one-level expansion on the result, instead of
+% complete).
 %
 \def\expandablevalue#1{%
   \expandafter\ifx\csname SET#1\endcsname\relax
     {[No value for ``#1'']}%
+    \message{Variable `#1', used in @value, is not set.}%
   \else
     \csname SET#1\endcsname
   \fi
@@ -2638,13 +2782,14 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 % @ifset VAR ... @end ifset reads the `...' iff VAR has been defined
 % with @set.
 %
-\def\ifset{\parsearg\ifsetxxx}
-\def\ifsetxxx #1{%
+\def\ifset{\parsearg\doifset}
+\def\doifset#1{%
   \expandafter\ifx\csname SET#1\endcsname\relax
-    \expandafter\ifsetfail
+    \let\next=\ifsetfail
   \else
-    \expandafter\ifsetsucceed
+    \let\next=\ifsetsucceed
   \fi
+  \next
 }
 \def\ifsetsucceed{\conditionalsucceed{ifset}}
 \def\ifsetfail{\nestedignore{ifset}}
@@ -2653,13 +2798,14 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 % @ifclear VAR ... @end ifclear reads the `...' iff VAR has never been
 % defined with @set, or has been undefined with @clear.
 %
-\def\ifclear{\parsearg\ifclearxxx}
-\def\ifclearxxx #1{%
+\def\ifclear{\parsearg\doifclear}
+\def\doifclear#1{%
   \expandafter\ifx\csname SET#1\endcsname\relax
-    \expandafter\ifclearsucceed
+    \let\next=\ifclearsucceed
   \else
-    \expandafter\ifclearfail
+    \let\next=\ifclearfail
   \fi
+  \next
 }
 \def\ifclearsucceed{\conditionalsucceed{ifclear}}
 \def\ifclearfail{\nestedignore{ifclear}}
@@ -2678,28 +2824,13 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 \defineunmatchedend{ifnotinfo}
 \defineunmatchedend{ifnotplaintext}
 
-% We can't just want to start a group at @iftex (etc.) and end it at
-% @end iftex, since then @set commands inside the conditional have no
-% effect (they'd get reverted at the end of the group).  So we must
-% define \Eiftex to redefine itself to be its previous value.  (We can't
-% just define it to fail again with an ``unmatched end'' error, since
-% the @ifset might be nested.)
-%
-\def\conditionalsucceed#1{%
-  \edef\temp{%
-    % Remember the current value of \E#1.
-    \let\nece{prevE#1} = \nece{E#1}%
-    %
-    % At the `@end #1', redefine \E#1 to be its previous value.
-    \def\nece{E#1}{\let\nece{E#1} = \nece{prevE#1}}%
-  }%
-  \temp
-}
-
-% We need to expand lots of \csname's, but we don't want to expand the
-% control sequences after we've constructed them.
+% True conditional.  Since \set globally defines its variables, we can
+% just start and end a group (to keep the @end definition undefined at
+% the outer level).
 %
-\def\nece#1{\expandafter\noexpand\csname#1\endcsname}
+\def\conditionalsucceed#1{\begingroup
+  \expandafter\def\csname E#1\endcsname{\endgroup}%
+}
 
 % @defininfoenclose.
 \let\definfoenclose=\comment
@@ -2792,104 +2923,166 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 \def\docodeindex#1{\edef\indexname{#1}\parsearg\singlecodeindexer}
 \def\singlecodeindexer #1{\doind{\indexname}{\code{#1}}}
 
-% Take care of texinfo commands likely to appear in an index entry.
-% (Must be a way to avoid doing expansion at all, and thus not have to
-% laboriously list every single command here.)
+% Take care of Texinfo commands that can appear in an index entry.
+% Since there are some commands we want to expand, and others we don't,
+% we have to laboriously prevent expansion for those that we don't.
 % 
 \def\indexdummies{%
-\def\ { }%
-\def\@{@}% change to @@ when we switch to @ as escape char in aux files.
-% Need these in case \tex is in effect and \{ is a \delimiter again.
-% But can't use \lbracecmd and \rbracecmd because texindex assumes
-% braces and backslashes are used only as delimiters.  
-\let\{ = \mylbrace
-\let\} = \myrbrace
-\def\_{{\realbackslash _}}%
-\normalturnoffactive
-%
-% Take care of the plain tex accent commands.
-\def\,##1{\realbackslash ,{##1}}%
-\def\"{\realbackslash "}%
-\def\`{\realbackslash `}%
-\def\'{\realbackslash '}%
-\def\^{\realbackslash ^}%
-\def\~{\realbackslash ~}%
-\def\={\realbackslash =}%
-\def\b{\realbackslash b}%
-\def\c{\realbackslash c}%
-\def\d{\realbackslash d}%
-\def\u{\realbackslash u}%
-\def\v{\realbackslash v}%
-\def\H{\realbackslash H}%
-\def\dotless##1{\realbackslash dotless {##1}}%
-% Take care of the plain tex special European modified letters.
-\def\AA{\realbackslash AA}%
-\def\AE{\realbackslash AE}%
-\def\L{\realbackslash L}%
-\def\OE{\realbackslash OE}%
-\def\O{\realbackslash O}%
-\def\aa{\realbackslash aa}%
-\def\ae{\realbackslash ae}%
-\def\l{\realbackslash l}%
-\def\oe{\realbackslash oe}%
-\def\o{\realbackslash o}%
-\def\ss{\realbackslash ss}%
-%
-% Although these internals commands shouldn't show up, sometimes they do.
-\def\bf{\realbackslash bf }%
-\def\gtr{\realbackslash gtr}%
-\def\hat{\realbackslash hat}%
-\def\less{\realbackslash less}%
-%\def\rm{\realbackslash rm }%
-\def\sf{\realbackslash sf}%
-\def\sl{\realbackslash sl }%
-\def\tclose##1{\realbackslash tclose {##1}}%
-\def\tt{\realbackslash tt}%
-%
-\def\b##1{\realbackslash b {##1}}%
-\def\i##1{\realbackslash i {##1}}%
-\def\sc##1{\realbackslash sc {##1}}%
-\def\t##1{\realbackslash t {##1}}%
-\def\r##1{\realbackslash r {##1}}%
-%
-\def\TeX{\realbackslash TeX}%
-\def\acronym##1{\realbackslash acronym {##1}}%
-\def\cite##1{\realbackslash cite {##1}}%
-\def\code##1{\realbackslash code {##1}}%
-\def\command##1{\realbackslash command {##1}}%
-\def\dfn##1{\realbackslash dfn {##1}}%
-\def\dots{\realbackslash dots }%
-\def\emph##1{\realbackslash emph {##1}}%
-\def\env##1{\realbackslash env {##1}}%
-\def\file##1{\realbackslash file {##1}}%
-\def\kbd##1{\realbackslash kbd {##1}}%
-\def\key##1{\realbackslash key {##1}}%
-\def\math##1{\realbackslash math {##1}}%
-\def\option##1{\realbackslash option {##1}}%
-\def\samp##1{\realbackslash samp {##1}}%
-\def\strong##1{\realbackslash strong {##1}}%
-\def\uref##1{\realbackslash uref {##1}}%
-\def\url##1{\realbackslash url {##1}}%
-\def\var##1{\realbackslash var {##1}}%
-\def\w{\realbackslash w }%
-%
-% These math commands don't seem likely to be used in index entries.
-\def\copyright{\realbackslash copyright}%
-\def\equiv{\realbackslash equiv}%
-\def\error{\realbackslash error}%
-\def\expansion{\realbackslash expansion}%
-\def\point{\realbackslash point}%
-\def\print{\realbackslash print}%
-\def\result{\realbackslash result}%
-%
-% Handle some cases of @value -- where the variable name does not
-% contain - or _, and the value does not contain any
-% (non-fully-expandable) commands.
-\let\value = \expandablevalue
-%
-\unsepspaces
-% Turn off macro expansion
-\turnoffmacros
+  \def\@{@}% change to @@ when we switch to @ as escape char in index files.
+  \def\ {\realbackslash\space }%
+  % Need these in case \tex is in effect and \{ is a \delimiter again.
+  % But can't use \lbracecmd and \rbracecmd because texindex assumes
+  % braces and backslashes are used only as delimiters.  
+  \let\{ = \mylbrace
+  \let\} = \myrbrace
+  %
+  % \definedummyword defines \#1 as \realbackslash #1\space, thus
+  % effectively preventing its expansion.  This is used only for control
+  % words, not control letters, because the \space would be incorrect
+  % for control characters, but is needed to separate the control word
+  % from whatever follows.
+  % 
+  % For control letters, we have \definedummyletter, which omits the
+  % space.
+  % 
+  % These can be used both for control words that take an argument and
+  % those that do not.  If it is followed by {arg} in the input, then
+  % that will dutifully get written to the index (or wherever).
+  % 
+  \def\definedummyword##1{%
+    \expandafter\def\csname ##1\endcsname{\realbackslash ##1\space}%
+  }%
+  \def\definedummyletter##1{%
+    \expandafter\def\csname ##1\endcsname{\realbackslash ##1}%
+  }%
+  %
+  % Do the redefinitions.
+  \commondummies
+}
+
+% For the aux file, @ is the escape character.  So we want to redefine
+% everything using @ instead of \realbackslash.  When everything uses 
+% @, this will be simpler.
+% 
+\def\atdummies{%
+  \def\@{@@}%
+  \def\ {@ }%
+  \let\{ = \lbraceatcmd
+  \let\} = \rbraceatcmd
+  %
+  % (See comments in \indexdummies.)
+  \def\definedummyword##1{%
+    \expandafter\def\csname ##1\endcsname{@##1\space}%
+  }%
+  \def\definedummyletter##1{%
+    \expandafter\def\csname ##1\endcsname{@##1}%
+  }%
+  %
+  % Do the redefinitions.
+  \commondummies
+}
+
+% Called from \indexdummies and \atdummies.  \definedummyword and
+% \definedummyletter must be defined first.
+% 
+\def\commondummies{%
+  %
+  \normalturnoffactive
+  %
+  % Control letters and accents.
+  \definedummyletter{_}%
+  \definedummyletter{,}%
+  \definedummyletter{"}%
+  \definedummyletter{`}%
+  \definedummyletter{'}%
+  \definedummyletter{^}%
+  \definedummyletter{~}%
+  \definedummyletter{=}%
+  \definedummyword{u}%
+  \definedummyword{v}%
+  \definedummyword{H}%
+  \definedummyword{dotaccent}%
+  \definedummyword{ringaccent}%
+  \definedummyword{tieaccent}%
+  \definedummyword{ubaraccent}%
+  \definedummyword{udotaccent}%
+  \definedummyword{dotless}%
+  %
+  % Other non-English letters.
+  \definedummyword{AA}%
+  \definedummyword{AE}%
+  \definedummyword{L}%
+  \definedummyword{OE}%
+  \definedummyword{O}%
+  \definedummyword{aa}%
+  \definedummyword{ae}%
+  \definedummyword{l}%
+  \definedummyword{oe}%
+  \definedummyword{o}%
+  \definedummyword{ss}%
+  %
+  % Although these internal commands shouldn't show up, sometimes they do.
+  \definedummyword{bf}%
+  \definedummyword{gtr}%
+  \definedummyword{hat}%
+  \definedummyword{less}%
+  \definedummyword{sf}%
+  \definedummyword{sl}%
+  \definedummyword{tclose}%
+  \definedummyword{tt}%
+  %
+  % Texinfo font commands.
+  \definedummyword{b}%
+  \definedummyword{i}%
+  \definedummyword{r}%
+  \definedummyword{sc}%
+  \definedummyword{t}%
+  %
+  \definedummyword{TeX}%
+  \definedummyword{acronym}%
+  \definedummyword{cite}%
+  \definedummyword{code}%
+  \definedummyword{command}%
+  \definedummyword{dfn}%
+  \definedummyword{dots}%
+  \definedummyword{emph}%
+  \definedummyword{env}%
+  \definedummyword{file}%
+  \definedummyword{kbd}%
+  \definedummyword{key}%
+  \definedummyword{math}%
+  \definedummyword{option}%
+  \definedummyword{samp}%
+  \definedummyword{strong}%
+  \definedummyword{uref}%
+  \definedummyword{url}%
+  \definedummyword{var}%
+  \definedummyword{w}%
+  %
+  % Assorted special characters.
+  \definedummyword{bullet}%
+  \definedummyword{copyright}%
+  \definedummyword{dots}%
+  \definedummyword{enddots}%
+  \definedummyword{equiv}%
+  \definedummyword{error}%
+  \definedummyword{expansion}%
+  \definedummyword{minus}%
+  \definedummyword{pounds}%
+  \definedummyword{point}%
+  \definedummyword{print}%
+  \definedummyword{result}%
+  %
+  % Handle some cases of @value -- where the variable name does not
+  % contain - or _, and the value does not contain any
+  % (non-fully-expandable) commands.
+  \let\value = \expandablevalue
+  %
+  % Normal spaces, not active ones.
+  \unsepspaces
+  %
+  % No macro expansion.
+  \turnoffmacros
 }
 
 % If an index command is used in an @example environment, any spaces
@@ -2898,83 +3091,86 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 {\obeyspaces
  \gdef\unsepspaces{\obeyspaces\let =\space}}
 
-% \indexnofonts no-ops all font-change commands.
-% This is used when outputting the strings to sort the index by.
-\def\indexdummyfont#1{#1}
+
+% \indexnofonts is used when outputting the strings to sort the index
+% by, and when constructing control sequence names.  It eliminates all
+% control sequences and just writes whatever the best ASCII sort string
+% would be for a given command (usually its argument).
+%
 \def\indexdummytex{TeX}
 \def\indexdummydots{...}
-
+%
 \def\indexnofonts{%
-\def\@{@}%
-% how to handle braces?
-\def\_{\normalunderscore}%
-%
-\let\,=\indexdummyfont
-\let\"=\indexdummyfont
-\let\`=\indexdummyfont
-\let\'=\indexdummyfont
-\let\^=\indexdummyfont
-\let\~=\indexdummyfont
-\let\==\indexdummyfont
-\let\b=\indexdummyfont
-\let\c=\indexdummyfont
-\let\d=\indexdummyfont
-\let\u=\indexdummyfont
-\let\v=\indexdummyfont
-\let\H=\indexdummyfont
-\let\dotless=\indexdummyfont
-% Take care of the plain tex special European modified letters.
-\def\AA{AA}%
-\def\AE{AE}%
-\def\L{L}%
-\def\OE{OE}%
-\def\O{O}%
-\def\aa{aa}%
-\def\ae{ae}%
-\def\l{l}%
-\def\oe{oe}%
-\def\o{o}%
-\def\ss{ss}%
-%
-% Don't no-op \tt, since it isn't a user-level command
-% and is used in the definitions of the active chars like <, >, |, etc.
-% Likewise with the other plain tex font commands.
-%\let\tt=\indexdummyfont
-%
-\let\b=\indexdummyfont
-\let\i=\indexdummyfont
-\let\r=\indexdummyfont
-\let\sc=\indexdummyfont
-\let\t=\indexdummyfont
-%
-\let\TeX=\indexdummytex
-\let\acronym=\indexdummyfont
-\let\cite=\indexdummyfont
-\let\code=\indexdummyfont
-\let\command=\indexdummyfont
-\let\dfn=\indexdummyfont
-\let\dots=\indexdummydots
-\let\emph=\indexdummyfont
-\let\env=\indexdummyfont
-\let\file=\indexdummyfont
-\let\kbd=\indexdummyfont
-\let\key=\indexdummyfont
-\let\math=\indexdummyfont
-\let\option=\indexdummyfont
-\let\samp=\indexdummyfont
-\let\strong=\indexdummyfont
-\let\uref=\indexdummyfont
-\let\url=\indexdummyfont
-\let\var=\indexdummyfont
-\let\w=\indexdummyfont
-}
-
-% To define \realbackslash, we must make \ not be an escape.
-% We must first make another character (@) an escape
-% so we do not become unable to do a definition.
-
-{\catcode`\@=0 \catcode`\\=\other
- @gdef@realbackslash{\}}
+  \def\ { }%
+  \def\@{@}%
+  % how to handle braces?
+  \def\_{\normalunderscore}%
+  %
+  \let\,=\asis
+  \let\"=\asis
+  \let\`=\asis
+  \let\'=\asis
+  \let\^=\asis
+  \let\~=\asis
+  \let\==\asis
+  \let\u=\asis
+  \let\v=\asis
+  \let\H=\asis
+  \let\dotaccent=\asis
+  \let\ringaccent=\asis
+  \let\tieaccent=\asis
+  \let\ubaraccent=\asis
+  \let\udotaccent=\asis
+  \let\dotless=\asis
+  %
+  % Other non-English letters.
+  \def\AA{AA}%
+  \def\AE{AE}%
+  \def\L{L}%
+  \def\OE{OE}%
+  \def\O{O}%
+  \def\aa{aa}%
+  \def\ae{ae}%
+  \def\l{l}%
+  \def\oe{oe}%
+  \def\o{o}%
+  \def\ss{ss}%
+  \def\exclamdown{!}%
+  \def\questiondown{?}%
+  %
+  % Don't no-op \tt, since it isn't a user-level command
+  % and is used in the definitions of the active chars like <, >, |, etc.
+  % Likewise with the other plain tex font commands.
+  %\let\tt=\asis
+  %
+  % Texinfo font commands.
+  \let\b=\asis
+  \let\i=\asis
+  \let\r=\asis
+  \let\sc=\asis
+  \let\t=\asis
+  %
+  \let\TeX=\indexdummytex
+  \let\acronym=\asis
+  \let\cite=\asis
+  \let\code=\asis
+  \let\command=\asis
+  \let\dfn=\asis
+  \let\dots=\indexdummydots
+  \let\emph=\asis
+  \let\env=\asis
+  \let\file=\asis
+  \let\kbd=\asis
+  \let\key=\asis
+  \let\math=\asis
+  \let\option=\asis
+  \let\samp=\asis
+  \let\strong=\asis
+  \let\uref=\asis
+  \let\url=\asis
+  \let\var=\asis
+  \let\w=\asis
+}
 
 \let\indexbackslash=0  %overridden during \printindex.
 \let\SETmarginindex=\relax % put index entries in margin (undocumented)?
@@ -3539,22 +3735,19 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 \outer\def\chapter{\parsearg\chapteryyy}
 \def\chapteryyy #1{\numhead0{#1}} % normally numhead0 calls chapterzzz
 \def\chapterzzz #1{%
-\secno=0 \subsecno=0 \subsubsecno=0
-\global\advance \chapno by 1 \message{\putwordChapter\space \the\chapno}%
-\chapmacro {#1}{\the\chapno}%
-\gdef\thissection{#1}%
-\gdef\thischaptername{#1}%
-% We don't substitute the actual chapter name into \thischapter
-% because we don't want its macros evaluated now.
-\xdef\thischapter{\putwordChapter{} \the\chapno: \noexpand\thischaptername}%
-\toks0 = {#1}%
-\edef\temp{\noexpand\writetocentry{\realbackslash chapentry{\the\toks0}%
-                                  {\the\chapno}}}%
-\temp
-\donoderef
-\global\let\section = \numberedsec
-\global\let\subsection = \numberedsubsec
-\global\let\subsubsection = \numberedsubsubsec
+  \secno=0 \subsecno=0 \subsubsecno=0
+  \global\advance \chapno by 1 \message{\putwordChapter\space \the\chapno}%
+  \chapmacro {#1}{\the\chapno}%
+  \gdef\thissection{#1}%
+  \gdef\thischaptername{#1}%
+  % We don't substitute the actual chapter name into \thischapter
+  % because we don't want its macros evaluated now.
+  \xdef\thischapter{\putwordChapter{} \the\chapno: \noexpand\thischaptername}%
+  \writetocentry{chap}{#1}{{\the\chapno}}
+  \donoderef
+  \global\let\section = \numberedsec
+  \global\let\subsection = \numberedsubsec
+  \global\let\subsubsection = \numberedsubsubsec
 }
 
 % we use \chapno to avoid indenting back
@@ -3565,21 +3758,18 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 \outer\def\appendix{\parsearg\appendixyyy}
 \def\appendixyyy #1{\apphead0{#1}} % normally apphead0 calls appendixzzz
 \def\appendixzzz #1{%
-\secno=0 \subsecno=0 \subsubsecno=0
-\global\advance \appendixno by 1
-\message{\putwordAppendix\space \appendixletter}%
-\chapmacro {#1}{\appendixbox{\putwordAppendix{} \appendixletter}}%
-\gdef\thissection{#1}%
-\gdef\thischaptername{#1}%
-\xdef\thischapter{\putwordAppendix{} \appendixletter: \noexpand\thischaptername}%
-\toks0 = {#1}%
-\edef\temp{\noexpand\writetocentry{\realbackslash appendixentry{\the\toks0}%
-                       {\appendixletter}}}%
-\temp
-\appendixnoderef
-\global\let\section = \appendixsec
-\global\let\subsection = \appendixsubsec
-\global\let\subsubsection = \appendixsubsubsec
+  \secno=0 \subsecno=0 \subsubsecno=0
+  \global\advance \appendixno by 1
+  \message{\putwordAppendix\space \appendixletter}%
+  \chapmacro {#1}{\appendixbox{\putwordAppendix{} \appendixletter}}%
+  \gdef\thissection{#1}%
+  \gdef\thischaptername{#1}%
+  \xdef\thischapter{\putwordAppendix{} \appendixletter: \noexpand\thischaptername}%
+  \writetocentry{appendix}{#1}{{\appendixletter}}
+  \appendixnoderef
+  \global\let\section = \appendixsec
+  \global\let\subsection = \appendixsubsec
+  \global\let\subsubsection = \appendixsubsubsec
 }
 
 % @centerchap is like @unnumbered, but the heading is centered.
@@ -3592,150 +3782,121 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 \outer\def\unnumbered{\parsearg\unnumberedyyy}
 \def\unnumberedyyy #1{\unnmhead0{#1}} % normally unnmhead0 calls unnumberedzzz
 \def\unnumberedzzz #1{%
-\secno=0 \subsecno=0 \subsubsecno=0
-%
-% This used to be simply \message{#1}, but TeX fully expands the
-% argument to \message.  Therefore, if #1 contained @-commands, TeX
-% expanded them.  For example, in `@unnumbered The @cite{Book}', TeX
-% expanded @cite (which turns out to cause errors because \cite is meant
-% to be executed, not expanded).
-%
-% Anyway, we don't want the fully-expanded definition of @cite to appear
-% as a result of the \message, we just want `@cite' itself.  We use
-% \the<toks register> to achieve this: TeX expands \the<toks> only once,
-% simply yielding the contents of <toks register>.  (We also do this for
-% the toc entries.)
-\toks0 = {#1}\message{(\the\toks0)}%
-%
-\unnumbchapmacro {#1}%
-\gdef\thischapter{#1}\gdef\thissection{#1}%
-\toks0 = {#1}%
-\edef\temp{\noexpand\writetocentry{\realbackslash unnumbchapentry{\the\toks0}{\the\chapno}}}%
-\temp
-\unnumbnoderef
-\global\let\section = \unnumberedsec
-\global\let\subsection = \unnumberedsubsec
-\global\let\subsubsection = \unnumberedsubsubsec
+  \secno=0 \subsecno=0 \subsubsecno=0
+  %
+  % This used to be simply \message{#1}, but TeX fully expands the
+  % argument to \message.  Therefore, if #1 contained @-commands, TeX
+  % expanded them.  For example, in `@unnumbered The @cite{Book}', TeX
+  % expanded @cite (which turns out to cause errors because \cite is meant
+  % to be executed, not expanded).
+  %
+  % Anyway, we don't want the fully-expanded definition of @cite to appear
+  % as a result of the \message, we just want `@cite' itself.  We use
+  % \the<toks register> to achieve this: TeX expands \the<toks> only once,
+  % simply yielding the contents of <toks register>.  (We also do this for
+  % the toc entries.)
+  \toks0 = {#1}\message{(\the\toks0)}%
+  %
+  \unnumbchapmacro {#1}%
+  \gdef\thischapter{#1}\gdef\thissection{#1}%
+  \writetocentry{unnumbchap}{#1}{{\the\chapno}}
+  \unnumbnoderef
+  \global\let\section = \unnumberedsec
+  \global\let\subsection = \unnumberedsubsec
+  \global\let\subsubsection = \unnumberedsubsubsec
 }
 
 % Sections.
 \outer\def\numberedsec{\parsearg\secyyy}
 \def\secyyy #1{\numhead1{#1}} % normally calls seczzz
 \def\seczzz #1{%
-\subsecno=0 \subsubsecno=0 \global\advance \secno by 1 %
-\gdef\thissection{#1}\secheading {#1}{\the\chapno}{\the\secno}%
-\toks0 = {#1}%
-\edef\temp{\noexpand\writetocentry{\realbackslash secentry{\the\toks0}%
-                                  {\the\chapno}{\the\secno}}}%
-\temp
-\donoderef
-\nobreak
+  \subsecno=0 \subsubsecno=0 \global\advance \secno by 1 %
+  \gdef\thissection{#1}\secheading {#1}{\the\chapno}{\the\secno}%
+  \writetocentry{sec}{#1}{{\the\chapno}{\the\secno}}
+  \donoderef
+  \nobreak
 }
 
 \outer\def\appendixsection{\parsearg\appendixsecyyy}
 \outer\def\appendixsec{\parsearg\appendixsecyyy}
 \def\appendixsecyyy #1{\apphead1{#1}} % normally calls appendixsectionzzz
 \def\appendixsectionzzz #1{%
-\subsecno=0 \subsubsecno=0 \global\advance \secno by 1 %
-\gdef\thissection{#1}\secheading {#1}{\appendixletter}{\the\secno}%
-\toks0 = {#1}%
-\edef\temp{\noexpand\writetocentry{\realbackslash secentry{\the\toks0}%
-                                  {\appendixletter}{\the\secno}}}%
-\temp
-\appendixnoderef
-\nobreak
+  \subsecno=0 \subsubsecno=0 \global\advance \secno by 1 %
+  \gdef\thissection{#1}\secheading {#1}{\appendixletter}{\the\secno}%
+  \writetocentry{sec}{#1}{{\appendixletter}{\the\secno}}
+  \appendixnoderef
+  \nobreak
 }
 
 \outer\def\unnumberedsec{\parsearg\unnumberedsecyyy}
 \def\unnumberedsecyyy #1{\unnmhead1{#1}} % normally calls unnumberedseczzz
 \def\unnumberedseczzz #1{%
-\plainsecheading {#1}\gdef\thissection{#1}%
-\toks0 = {#1}%
-\edef\temp{\noexpand\writetocentry{\realbackslash unnumbsecentry%
-  {\the\toks0}{\the\chapno}{\the\secno}}}%
-\temp
-\unnumbnoderef
-\nobreak
+  \plainsecheading {#1}\gdef\thissection{#1}%
+  \writetocentry{unnumbsec}{#1}{{\the\chapno}{\the\secno}}
+  \unnumbnoderef
+  \nobreak
 }
 
 % Subsections.
 \outer\def\numberedsubsec{\parsearg\numberedsubsecyyy}
 \def\numberedsubsecyyy #1{\numhead2{#1}} % normally calls numberedsubseczzz
 \def\numberedsubseczzz #1{%
-\gdef\thissection{#1}\subsubsecno=0 \global\advance \subsecno by 1 %
-\subsecheading {#1}{\the\chapno}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}%
-\toks0 = {#1}%
-\edef\temp{\noexpand\writetocentry{\realbackslash subsecentry{\the\toks0}%
-                                    {\the\chapno}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}}}%
-\temp
-\donoderef
-\nobreak
+  \gdef\thissection{#1}\subsubsecno=0 \global\advance \subsecno by 1 %
+  \subsecheading {#1}{\the\chapno}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}%
+  \writetocentry{subsec}{#1}{{\the\chapno}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}}
+  \donoderef
+  \nobreak
 }
 
 \outer\def\appendixsubsec{\parsearg\appendixsubsecyyy}
 \def\appendixsubsecyyy #1{\apphead2{#1}} % normally calls appendixsubseczzz
 \def\appendixsubseczzz #1{%
-\gdef\thissection{#1}\subsubsecno=0 \global\advance \subsecno by 1 %
-\subsecheading {#1}{\appendixletter}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}%
-\toks0 = {#1}%
-\edef\temp{\noexpand\writetocentry{\realbackslash subsecentry{\the\toks0}%
-                                {\appendixletter}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}}}%
-\temp
-\appendixnoderef
-\nobreak
+  \gdef\thissection{#1}\subsubsecno=0 \global\advance \subsecno by 1 %
+  \subsecheading {#1}{\appendixletter}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}%
+  \writetocentry{subsec}{#1}{{\appendixletter}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}}
+  \appendixnoderef
+  \nobreak
 }
 
 \outer\def\unnumberedsubsec{\parsearg\unnumberedsubsecyyy}
 \def\unnumberedsubsecyyy #1{\unnmhead2{#1}} %normally calls unnumberedsubseczzz
 \def\unnumberedsubseczzz #1{%
-\plainsubsecheading {#1}\gdef\thissection{#1}%
-\toks0 = {#1}%
-\edef\temp{\noexpand\writetocentry{\realbackslash unnumbsubsecentry%
-  {\the\toks0}{\the\chapno}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}}}%
-\temp
-\unnumbnoderef
-\nobreak
+  \plainsubsecheading {#1}\gdef\thissection{#1}%
+  \writetocentry{unnumbsubsec}{#1}{{\the\chapno}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}}
+  \unnumbnoderef
+  \nobreak
 }
 
 % Subsubsections.
 \outer\def\numberedsubsubsec{\parsearg\numberedsubsubsecyyy}
 \def\numberedsubsubsecyyy #1{\numhead3{#1}} % normally numberedsubsubseczzz
 \def\numberedsubsubseczzz #1{%
-\gdef\thissection{#1}\global\advance \subsubsecno by 1 %
-\subsubsecheading {#1}
-  {\the\chapno}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}{\the\subsubsecno}%
-\toks0 = {#1}%
-\edef\temp{\noexpand\writetocentry{\realbackslash subsubsecentry{\the\toks0}%
-  {\the\chapno}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}{\the\subsubsecno}}}%
-\temp
-\donoderef
-\nobreak
+  \gdef\thissection{#1}\global\advance \subsubsecno by 1 %
+  \subsubsecheading {#1}
+    {\the\chapno}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}{\the\subsubsecno}%
+  \writetocentry{subsubsec}{#1}{{\the\chapno}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}{\the\subsubsecno}}
+  \donoderef
+  \nobreak
 }
 
 \outer\def\appendixsubsubsec{\parsearg\appendixsubsubsecyyy}
 \def\appendixsubsubsecyyy #1{\apphead3{#1}} % normally appendixsubsubseczzz
 \def\appendixsubsubseczzz #1{%
-\gdef\thissection{#1}\global\advance \subsubsecno by 1 %
-\subsubsecheading {#1}
-  {\appendixletter}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}{\the\subsubsecno}%
-\toks0 = {#1}%
-\edef\temp{\noexpand\writetocentry{\realbackslash subsubsecentry{\the\toks0}%
-  {\appendixletter}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}{\the\subsubsecno}}}%
-\temp
-\appendixnoderef
-\nobreak
+  \gdef\thissection{#1}\global\advance \subsubsecno by 1 %
+  \subsubsecheading {#1}
+    {\appendixletter}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}{\the\subsubsecno}%
+  \writetocentry{subsubsec}{#1}{{\appendixletter}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}{\the\subsubsecno}}
+  \appendixnoderef
+  \nobreak
 }
 
 \outer\def\unnumberedsubsubsec{\parsearg\unnumberedsubsubsecyyy}
 \def\unnumberedsubsubsecyyy #1{\unnmhead3{#1}} %normally unnumberedsubsubseczzz
 \def\unnumberedsubsubseczzz #1{%
-\plainsubsubsecheading {#1}\gdef\thissection{#1}%
-\toks0 = {#1}%
-\edef\temp{\noexpand\writetocentry{\realbackslash unnumbsubsubsecentry%
-  {\the\toks0}{\the\chapno}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}{\the\subsubsecno}}}%
-\temp
-\unnumbnoderef
-\nobreak
+  \plainsubsubsecheading {#1}\gdef\thissection{#1}%
+  \writetocentry{unnumbsubsubsec}{#1}{{\the\chapno}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}{\the\subsubsecno}}
+  \unnumbnoderef
+  \nobreak
 }
 
 % These are variants which are not "outer", so they can appear in @ifinfo.
@@ -3776,16 +3937,16 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 
 \def\majorheading{\parsearg\majorheadingzzz}
 \def\majorheadingzzz #1{%
-{\advance\chapheadingskip by 10pt \chapbreak }%
-{\chapfonts \vbox{\hyphenpenalty=10000\tolerance=5000
-                  \parindent=0pt\raggedright
-                  \rm #1\hfill}}\bigskip \par\penalty 200}
+  {\advance\chapheadingskip by 10pt \chapbreak }%
+  {\chapfonts \vbox{\hyphenpenalty=10000\tolerance=5000
+                    \parindent=0pt\raggedright
+                    \rm #1\hfill}}\bigskip \par\penalty 200}
 
 \def\chapheading{\parsearg\chapheadingzzz}
 \def\chapheadingzzz #1{\chapbreak %
-{\chapfonts \vbox{\hyphenpenalty=10000\tolerance=5000
-                  \parindent=0pt\raggedright
-                  \rm #1\hfill}}\bigskip \par\penalty 200}
+  {\chapfonts \vbox{\hyphenpenalty=10000\tolerance=5000
+                    \parindent=0pt\raggedright
+                    \rm #1\hfill}}\bigskip \par\penalty 200}
 
 % @heading, @subheading, @subsubheading.
 \def\heading{\parsearg\plainsecheading}
@@ -3931,7 +4092,16 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
           \hangindent = \wd0 % zero if no section number
           \unhbox0 #3}%
   }%
-  \ifdim\parskip<10pt \nobreak\kern10pt\nobreak\kern-\parskip\fi \nobreak
+  % Add extra space after the heading -- either a line space or a
+  % paragraph space, whichever is more.  (Some people like to set
+  % \parskip to large values for some reason.)
+  \nobreak
+  \ifdim\parskip>\normalbaselineskip
+    \kern\parskip
+  \else
+    \kern\normalbaselineskip
+  \fi
+  \nobreak
 }
 
 
@@ -3943,16 +4113,22 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 % Called from @chapter, etc.  We supply {\folio} at the end of the
 % argument, which will end up as the last argument to the \...entry macro.
 %
-% We open the .toc file here instead of at @setfilename or any other
-% fixed time so that @contents can be put in the document anywhere.
+% Usage: \writetocentry{chap}{The Name of The Game}{{\the\chapno}}
+% We open the .toc file for writing here instead of at @setfilename (or
+% any other fixed time) so that @contents can be anywhere in the document.
 %
 \newif\iftocfileopened
-\def\writetocentry#1{%
+\def\writetocentry#1#2#3{%
   \iftocfileopened\else
     \immediate\openout\tocfile = \jobname.toc
     \global\tocfileopenedtrue
   \fi
-  \iflinks \write\tocfile{#1{\folio}}\fi
+  %
+  \iflinks
+    \toks0 = {#2}%
+    \edef\temp{\write\tocfile{\realbackslash #1entry{\the\toks0}#3{\folio}}}%
+    \temp
+  \fi
   %
   % Tell \shipout to create a page destination if we're doing pdf, which
   % will be the target of the links in the table of contents.  We can't
@@ -4204,14 +4380,14 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 \def\tex{\begingroup
   \catcode `\\=0 \catcode `\{=1 \catcode `\}=2
   \catcode `\$=3 \catcode `\&=4 \catcode `\#=6
-  \catcode `\^=7 \catcode `\_=8 \catcode `\~=13 \let~=\tie
+  \catcode `\^=7 \catcode `\_=8 \catcode `\~=\active \let~=\tie
   \catcode `\%=14
-  \catcode 43=12 % plus
-  \catcode`\"=12
-  \catcode`\==12
-  \catcode`\|=12
-  \catcode`\<=12
-  \catcode`\>=12
+  \catcode `\+=\other
+  \catcode `\"=\other
+  \catcode `\==\other
+  \catcode `\|=\other
+  \catcode `\<=\other
+  \catcode `\>=\other
   \escapechar=`\\
   %
   \let\b=\ptexb
@@ -4265,15 +4441,18 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 % Make spacing and below environment symmetrical.  We use \parskip here
 % to help in doing that, since in @example-like environments \parskip
 % is reset to zero; thus the \afterenvbreak inserts no space -- but the
-% start of the next paragraph will insert \parskip
+% start of the next paragraph will insert \parskip.
 %
 \def\aboveenvbreak{{%
-  \ifnum\lastpenalty < 10000
+  % =10000 instead of <10000 because of a special case in \itemzzz, q.v.
+  \ifnum \lastpenalty=10000 \else
     \advance\envskipamount by \parskip
     \endgraf
     \ifdim\lastskip<\envskipamount
       \removelastskip
-      \penalty-50
+      % it's not a good place to break if the last penalty was \nobreak
+      % or better ...
+      \ifnum\lastpenalty>10000 \else \penalty-50 \fi
       \vskip\envskipamount
     \fi
   \fi
@@ -4305,7 +4484,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 %
 \newskip\lskip\newskip\rskip
 
-\long\def\cartouche{%
+\def\cartouche{%
 \begingroup
         \lskip=\leftskip \rskip=\rightskip
         \leftskip=0pt\rightskip=0pt %we want these *outside*.
@@ -4352,7 +4531,6 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
   \inENV % This group ends at the end of the body
   \hfuzz = 12pt % Don't be fussy
   \sepspaces % Make spaces be word-separators rather than space tokens.
-  \singlespace
   \let\par = \lisppar % don't ignore blank lines
   \obeylines % each line of input is a line of output
   \parskip = 0pt
@@ -4391,27 +4569,16 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 % @example: Same as @lisp.
 \def\example{\begingroup \def\Eexample{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}\lisp}
 
-% @small... is usually equivalent to the non-small (@smallbook
-% redefines).  We must call \example (or whatever) last in the
-% definition, since it reads the return following the @example (or
-% whatever) command.
-%
-% This actually allows (for example) @end display inside an
-% @smalldisplay.  Too bad, but makeinfo will catch the error anyway.
-%
-\def\smalldisplay{\begingroup\def\Esmalldisplay{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}\display}
-\def\smallexample{\begingroup\def\Esmallexample{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}\lisp}
-\def\smallformat{\begingroup\def\Esmallformat{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}\format}
-\def\smalllisp{\begingroup\def\Esmalllisp{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}\lisp}
-
-% Real @smallexample and @smalllisp (when @smallbook): use smaller fonts.
+% @smallexample and @smalllisp: use smaller fonts.
 % Originally contributed by Pavel@xerox.
-\def\smalllispx{\begingroup
+\def\smalllisp{\begingroup
   \def\Esmalllisp{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}%
   \def\Esmallexample{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}%
   \smallexamplefonts
   \lisp
 }
+\let\smallexample = \smalllisp
+
 
 % @display: same as @lisp except keep current font.
 %
@@ -4421,9 +4588,9 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
   \gobble
 }
 %
-% @smalldisplay (when @smallbook): @display plus smaller fonts.
+% @smalldisplay: @display plus smaller fonts.
 %
-\def\smalldisplayx{\begingroup
+\def\smalldisplay{\begingroup
   \def\Esmalldisplay{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}%
   \smallexamplefonts \rm
   \display
@@ -4438,9 +4605,9 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
   \gobble
 }
 %
-% @smallformat (when @smallbook): @format plus smaller fonts.
+% @smallformat: @format plus smaller fonts.
 %
-\def\smallformatx{\begingroup
+\def\smallformat{\begingroup
   \def\Esmallformat{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}%
   \smallexamplefonts \rm
   \format
@@ -4467,7 +4634,6 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 \def\quotation{%
   \begingroup\inENV %This group ends at the end of the @quotation body
   {\parskip=0pt \aboveenvbreak}% because \aboveenvbreak inserts \parskip
-  \singlespace
   \parindent=0pt
   % We have retained a nonzero parskip for the environment, since we're
   % doing normal filling. So to avoid extra space below the environment...
@@ -4490,10 +4656,14 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 %
 % [Knuth]: Donald Ervin Knuth, 1996.  The TeXbook.
 %
-% [Knuth] p. 344; only we need to do '@' too
+% [Knuth] p.344; only we need to do the other characters Texinfo sets
+% active too.  Otherwise, they get lost as the first character on a
+% verbatim line.
 \def\dospecials{%
-  \do\ \do\\\do\@\do\{\do\}\do\$\do\&%
-  \do\#\do\^\do\^^K\do\_\do\^^A\do\%\do\~}
+  \do\ \do\\\do\{\do\}\do\$\do\&%
+  \do\#\do\^\do\^^K\do\_\do\^^A\do\%\do\~%
+  \do\<\do\>\do\|\do\@\do+\do\"%
+}
 %
 % [Knuth] p. 380
 \def\uncatcodespecials{%
@@ -4580,7 +4750,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 %
 % For Texinfo it's a lot easier than for LaTeX, 
 % because texinfo's \verbatim doesn't stop at '\end{verbatim}':
-% we need not redefine '\', '{' and '}'
+% we need not redefine '\', '{' and '}'.
 %
 % Inspired by LaTeX's verbatim command set [latex.ltx]
 %% Include LaTeX hack for completeness -- never know
@@ -4590,9 +4760,14 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 %% \catcode`\\=12|gdef|doverbatim#1@end verbatim[
 %% #1|endgroup|def|Everbatim[]|end[verbatim]]
 %% |endgroup
+%
 \begingroup
   \catcode`\ =\active
-  \gdef\doverbatim#1@end verbatim{#1\end{verbatim}}
+  \obeylines %
+  % ignore everything up to the first ^^M, that's the newline at the end
+  % of the @verbatim input line itself.  Otherwise we get an extra blank
+  % line in the output.
+  \gdef\doverbatim#1^^M#2@end verbatim{#2\end{verbatim}}%
 \endgroup
 %
 \def\verbatim{%
@@ -4629,9 +4804,12 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
      % Restore active chars for included file.
   \endgroup
   \begingroup
-  \def\thisfile{#1}%
-  \expandafter\expandafter\setupverbatiminclude\input\thisfile
-  \endgroup\nonfillfinish\endgroup
+    \let\value=\expandablevalue
+    \def\thisfile{#1}%
+    \expandafter\expandafter\setupverbatiminclude\input\thisfile
+  \endgroup
+  \nonfillfinish
+  \endgroup
 }
 
 % @copying ... @end copying.
@@ -4672,9 +4850,14 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 % then it can also check if \lastpenalty=1.  If it does, then manually
 % do \par.
 % 
-% Seems pretty fragile, but for the limited use of getting the copying
-% text (which should be quite simple) inserted, we can hope it's ok.
-% % 
+% This messes up the normal definitions of @c[omment], so we redefine
+% it.  Similarly for @ignore.  (These commands are used in the gcc
+% manual for man page generation.)
+% 
+% Seems pretty fragile, most line-oriented commands will presumably
+% fail, but for the limited use of getting the copying text (which
+% should be quite simple) inserted, we can hope it's ok.
+%
 {\catcode`\^^M=\active %
 \gdef\insertcopying{\begingroup %
   \parindent = 0pt  % looks wrong on title page
@@ -4685,6 +4868,15 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
       \space \penalty 1 %
     \fi %
   }%
+  %
+  % Fix @c[omment] for catcode 13 ^^M's.
+  \def\c##1^^M{\ignorespaces}%
+  \let\comment = \c %
+  %
+  % Don't bother jumping through all the hoops that \doignore does, it
+  % would be very hard since the catcodes are already set.
+  \long\def\ignore##1\end ignore{\ignorespaces}%
+  %
   \copyingtext %
 \endgroup}%
 }
@@ -4700,11 +4892,14 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 \newskip\deflastargmargin \deflastargmargin=18pt
 
 \newcount\parencount
-% define \functionparens, which makes ( and ) and & do special things.
-% \functionparens affects the group it is contained in.
+
+% We want ()&[] to print specially on the defun line.
+% 
 \def\activeparens{%
-\catcode`\(=\active \catcode`\)=\active \catcode`\&=\active
-\catcode`\[=\active \catcode`\]=\active}
+  \catcode`\(=\active \catcode`\)=\active
+  \catcode`\&=\active
+  \catcode`\[=\active \catcode`\]=\active
+}
 
 % Make control sequences which act like normal parenthesis chars.
 \let\lparen = ( \let\rparen = )
@@ -4751,7 +4946,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 
 % Active &'s sneak into the index arguments, so make sure it's defined.
 {
-  \catcode`& = 13
+  \catcode`& = \active
   \global\let& = \ampnr
 }
 
@@ -4809,7 +5004,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
   % which is there to keep the function description together with its
   % header.  But if there's nothing but headers, we want to allow a
   % break after all.
-  \ifnum\lastpenalty = 10000 \penalty0 \fi
+  \ifnum\lastpenalty=10000 \penalty0 \fi
   \medbreak
   %
   % Define the \E... end token that this defining construct specifies
@@ -4821,24 +5016,38 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
   \exdentamount=\defbodyindent
 }
 
+% Common part of the \...x definitions.
+% 
+\def\defxbodycommon{%
+  % As with \parsebodycommon above, allow line break if we have multiple
+  % x headers in a row.  It's not a great place, though.
+  \ifnum\lastpenalty=10000 \penalty1000 \fi
+  %
+  \begingroup\obeylines
+}
+
 % Process body of @defun, @deffn, @defmac, etc.
 %
 \def\defparsebody#1#2#3{%
   \parsebodycommon{#1}{#2}{#3}%
-  \def#2{\begingroup\obeylines\activeparens\spacesplit#3}%
-  \catcode61=\active % 61 is `='
+  \def#2{\defxbodycommon \activeparens \spacesplit#3}%
+  \catcode\equalChar=\active
   \begingroup\obeylines\activeparens
   \spacesplit#3%
 }
 
-% #1, #2, #3 are the common arguments (see \defparsebody).
+% #1, #2, #3 are the common arguments (see \parsebodycommon above).
 % #4, delimited by the space, is the class name.
 %
 \def\defmethparsebody#1#2#3#4 {%
   \parsebodycommon{#1}{#2}{#3}%
-  \def#2##1 {\begingroup\obeylines\activeparens\spacesplit{#3{##1}}}%
+  \def#2##1 {\defxbodycommon \activeparens \spacesplit{#3{##1}}}%
   \begingroup\obeylines\activeparens
-  \spacesplit{#3{#4}}%
+  % The \empty here prevents misinterpretation of a construct such as
+  %   @deffn {whatever} {Enharmonic comma}
+  % See comments at \deftpparsebody, although in our case we don't have
+  % to remove the \empty afterwards, since it is empty.
+  \spacesplit{#3{#4}}\empty
 }
 
 % Used for @deftypemethod and @deftypeivar.
@@ -4848,7 +5057,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 %
 \def\deftypemethparsebody#1#2#3#4 #5 {%
   \parsebodycommon{#1}{#2}{#3}%
-  \def#2##1 ##2 {\begingroup\obeylines\activeparens\spacesplit{#3{##1}{##2}}}%
+  \def#2##1 ##2 {\defxbodycommon \activeparens \spacesplit{#3{##1}{##2}}}%
   \begingroup\obeylines\activeparens
   \spacesplit{#3{#4}{#5}}%
 }
@@ -4862,9 +5071,8 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 % 
 \def\deftypeopparsebody#1#2#3#4#5 #6 {%
   \parsebodycommon{#1}{#2}{#3}%
-  \def#2##1 ##2 ##3 {%
-    \def#4{##1}%
-    \begingroup\obeylines\activeparens\spacesplit{#3{##2}{##3}}}%
+  \def#2##1 ##2 ##3 {\def#4{##1}%
+    \defxbodycommon \activeparens \spacesplit{#3{##2}{##3}}}%
   \begingroup\obeylines\activeparens
   \spacesplit{#3{#5}{#6}}%
 }
@@ -4873,7 +5081,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 \def\defopparsebody #1#2#3#4#5 {%
   \parsebodycommon{#1}{#2}{#3}%
   \def#2##1 ##2 {\def#4{##1}%
-    \begingroup\obeylines\activeparens\spacesplit{#3{##2}}}%
+    \defxbodycommon \activeparens \spacesplit{#3{##2}}}%
   \begingroup\obeylines\activeparens
   \spacesplit{#3{#5}}%
 }
@@ -4884,8 +5092,8 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 %
 \def\defvarparsebody #1#2#3{%
   \parsebodycommon{#1}{#2}{#3}%
-  \def#2{\begingroup\obeylines\spacesplit#3}%
-  \catcode61=\active %
+  \def#2{\defxbodycommon \spacesplit#3}%
+  \catcode\equalChar=\active
   \begingroup\obeylines
   \spacesplit#3%
 }
@@ -4894,14 +5102,14 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 \def\defopvarparsebody #1#2#3#4#5 {%
   \parsebodycommon{#1}{#2}{#3}%
   \def#2##1 ##2 {\def#4{##1}%
-    \begingroup\obeylines\spacesplit{#3{##2}}}%
+    \defxbodycommon \spacesplit{#3{##2}}}%
   \begingroup\obeylines
   \spacesplit{#3{#5}}%
 }
 
 \def\defvrparsebody#1#2#3#4 {%
   \parsebodycommon{#1}{#2}{#3}%
-  \def#2##1 {\begingroup\obeylines\spacesplit{#3{##1}}}%
+  \def#2##1 {\defxbodycommon \spacesplit{#3{##1}}}%
   \begingroup\obeylines
   \spacesplit{#3{#4}}%
 }
@@ -4917,7 +5125,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 %
 \def\deftpparsebody #1#2#3#4 {%
   \parsebodycommon{#1}{#2}{#3}%
-  \def#2##1 {\begingroup\obeylines\spacesplit{#3{##1}}}%
+  \def#2##1 {\defxbodycommon \spacesplit{#3{##1}}}%
   \begingroup\obeylines
   \spacesplit{\parsetpheaderline{#3{#4}}}\empty
 }
@@ -4935,18 +5143,22 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
   #1{\removeemptybraces#2\relax}{#3}%
 }%
 
-% Split up #2 at the first space token.
+% Split up #2 (the rest of the input line) at the first space token.
 % call #1 with two arguments:
 %  the first is all of #2 before the space token,
 %  the second is all of #2 after that space token.
 % If #2 contains no space token, all of it is passed as the first arg
 % and the second is passed as empty.
 %
-{\obeylines
-\gdef\spacesplit#1#2^^M{\endgroup\spacesplitfoo{#1}#2 \relax\spacesplitfoo}%
-\long\gdef\spacesplitfoo#1#2 #3#4\spacesplitfoo{%
-\ifx\relax #3%
-#1{#2}{}\else #1{#2}{#3#4}\fi}}
+{\obeylines %
+ \gdef\spacesplit#1#2^^M{\endgroup\spacesplitx{#1}#2 \relax\spacesplitx}%
+ \long\gdef\spacesplitx#1#2 #3#4\spacesplitx{%
+   \ifx\relax #3%
+     #1{#2}{}%
+   \else %
+     #1{#2}{#3#4}%
+   \fi}%
+}
 
 % Define @defun.
 
@@ -4985,7 +5197,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 
 \def\deffnheader #1#2#3{\doind {fn}{\code{#2}}%
 \begingroup\defname {#2}{#1}\defunargs{#3}\endgroup %
-\catcode 61=\other % Turn off change made in \defparsebody
+\catcode\equalChar=\other % Turn off change made in \defparsebody
 }
 
 % @defun == @deffn Function
@@ -4995,7 +5207,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 \def\defunheader #1#2{\doind {fn}{\code{#1}}% Make entry in function index
 \begingroup\defname {#1}{\putwordDeffunc}%
 \defunargs {#2}\endgroup %
-\catcode 61=\other % Turn off change made in \defparsebody
+\catcode\equalChar=\other % Turn off change made in \defparsebody
 }
 
 % @deftypefun int foobar (int @var{foo}, float @var{bar})
@@ -5009,7 +5221,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 \doind {fn}{\code{#2}}% Make entry in function index
 \begingroup\defname {\defheaderxcond#1\relax$.$#2}{\putwordDeftypefun}%
 \deftypefunargs {#3}\endgroup %
-\catcode 61=\other % Turn off change made in \defparsebody
+\catcode\equalChar=\other % Turn off change made in \defparsebody
 }
 
 % @deftypefn {Library Function} int foobar (int @var{foo}, float @var{bar})
@@ -5030,7 +5242,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 %               at least some C++ text from working
 \defname {\defheaderxcond#2\relax$.$#3}{#1}%
 \deftypefunargs {#4}\endgroup %
-\catcode 61=\other % Turn off change made in \defparsebody
+\catcode\equalChar=\other % Turn off change made in \defparsebody
 }
 
 % @defmac == @deffn Macro
@@ -5040,7 +5252,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 \def\defmacheader #1#2{\doind {fn}{\code{#1}}% Make entry in function index
 \begingroup\defname {#1}{\putwordDefmac}%
 \defunargs {#2}\endgroup %
-\catcode 61=\other % Turn off change made in \defparsebody
+\catcode\equalChar=\other % Turn off change made in \defparsebody
 }
 
 % @defspec == @deffn Special Form
@@ -5050,7 +5262,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 \def\defspecheader #1#2{\doind {fn}{\code{#1}}% Make entry in function index
 \begingroup\defname {#1}{\putwordDefspec}%
 \defunargs {#2}\endgroup %
-\catcode 61=\other % Turn off change made in \defparsebody
+\catcode\equalChar=\other % Turn off change made in \defparsebody
 }
 
 % @defop CATEGORY CLASS OPERATION ARG...
@@ -5248,7 +5460,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
  \def\scanmacro#1{%
    \begingroup \newlinechar`\^^M
    % Undo catcode changes of \startcontents and \doprintindex
-   \catcode`\@=0 \catcode`\\=12 \escapechar=`\@
+   \catcode`\@=0 \catcode`\\=\other \escapechar=`\@
    % Append \endinput to make sure that TeX does not see the ending newline.
    \toks0={#1\endinput}%
    \immediate\openout\macscribble=\jobname.tmp
@@ -5262,7 +5474,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 \def\scanmacro#1{%
 \begingroup \newlinechar`\^^M
 % Undo catcode changes of \startcontents and \doprintindex
-\catcode`\@=0 \catcode`\\=12 \escapechar=`\@
+\catcode`\@=0 \catcode`\\=\other \escapechar=`\@
 \let\xeatspaces\eatspaces\scantokens{#1\endinput}\endgroup}
 \fi
 
@@ -5292,7 +5504,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 }
 
 % Trim a single trailing ^^M off a string.
-{\catcode`\^^M=12\catcode`\Q=3%
+{\catcode`\^^M=\other \catcode`\Q=3%
 \gdef\eatcr #1{\eatcra #1Q^^MQ}%
 \gdef\eatcra#1^^MQ{\eatcrb#1Q}%
 \gdef\eatcrb#1Q#2Q{#1}%
@@ -5307,29 +5519,29 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 % body, and then making it the \newlinechar in \scanmacro.
 
 \def\macrobodyctxt{%
-  \catcode`\~=12
-  \catcode`\^=12
-  \catcode`\_=12
-  \catcode`\|=12
-  \catcode`\<=12
-  \catcode`\>=12
-  \catcode`\+=12
-  \catcode`\{=12
-  \catcode`\}=12
-  \catcode`\@=12
-  \catcode`\^^M=12
+  \catcode`\~=\other
+  \catcode`\^=\other
+  \catcode`\_=\other
+  \catcode`\|=\other
+  \catcode`\<=\other
+  \catcode`\>=\other
+  \catcode`\+=\other
+  \catcode`\{=\other
+  \catcode`\}=\other
+  \catcode`\@=\other
+  \catcode`\^^M=\other
   \usembodybackslash}
 
 \def\macroargctxt{%
-  \catcode`\~=12
-  \catcode`\^=12
-  \catcode`\_=12
-  \catcode`\|=12
-  \catcode`\<=12
-  \catcode`\>=12
-  \catcode`\+=12
-  \catcode`\@=12
-  \catcode`\\=12}
+  \catcode`\~=\other
+  \catcode`\^=\other
+  \catcode`\_=\other
+  \catcode`\|=\other
+  \catcode`\<=\other
+  \catcode`\>=\other
+  \catcode`\+=\other
+  \catcode`\@=\other
+  \catcode`\\=\other}
 
 % \mbodybackslash is the definition of \ in @macro bodies.
 % It maps \foo\ => \csname macarg.foo\endcsname => #N
@@ -5370,32 +5582,33 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
   \else \expandafter\parsemacbody
   \fi}
 
-\def\unmacro{\parsearg\unmacroxxx}
-\def\unmacroxxx#1{%
+\def\unmacro{\parsearg\dounmacro}
+\def\dounmacro#1{%
   \if1\csname ismacro.#1\endcsname
     \global\cslet{#1}{macsave.#1}%
     \global\expandafter\let \csname ismacro.#1\endcsname=0%
-    % Remove the macro name from \macrolist
+    % Remove the macro name from \macrolist:
     \begingroup
-      \edef\tempa{\expandafter\noexpand\csname#1\endcsname}%
-      \def\do##1{%
-        \def\tempb{##1}%
-        \ifx\tempa\tempb
-          % remove this
-        \else
-          \toks0 = \expandafter{\newmacrolist\do}%
-          \edef\newmacrolist{\the\toks0\expandafter\noexpand\tempa}%
-        \fi}%
-      \def\newmacrolist{}%
-      % Execute macro list to define \newmacrolist
-      \macrolist
-      \global\let\macrolist\newmacrolist
+      \expandafter\let\csname#1\endcsname \relax
+      \let\do\unmacrodo
+      \xdef\macrolist{\macrolist}%
     \endgroup
   \else
     \errmessage{Macro #1 not defined}%
   \fi
 }
 
+% Called by \do from \dounmacro on each macro.  The idea is to omit any
+% macro definitions that have been changed to \relax.
+% 
+\def\unmacrodo#1{%
+  \ifx#1\relax
+    % remove this
+  \else
+    \noexpand\do \noexpand #1%
+  \fi
+}
+
 % This makes use of the obscure feature that if the last token of a
 % <parameter list> is #, then the preceding argument is delimited by
 % an opening brace, and that opening brace is not consumed.
@@ -5578,15 +5791,23 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 \gdef\restoresf{\relax \ifhmode \spacefactor=\savesfregister \fi}
 \gdef\anchor#1{\savesf \setref{#1}{Ynothing}\restoresf \ignorespaces}
 
-% \setref{NAME}{SNT} defines a cross-reference point NAME, namely
-% NAME-title, NAME-pg, and NAME-SNT.  Called from \foonoderef.  We have
-% to set \indexdummies so commands such as @code in a section title
-% aren't expanded.  It would be nicer not to expand the titles in the
-% first place, but there's so many layers that that is hard to do.
+% \setref{NAME}{SNT} defines a cross-reference point NAME (a node or an
+% anchor), namely NAME-title (the corresponding @chapter/etc. name),
+% NAME-pg (the page number), and NAME-snt (section number and type).
+% Called from \foonoderef.
+% 
+% We have to set \indexdummies so commands such as @code in a section
+% title aren't expanded.  It would be nicer not to expand the titles in
+% the first place, but there's so many layers that that is hard to do.
 %
+% Likewise, use \turnoffactive so that punctuation chars such as underscore
+% and backslash work in node names.
+% 
 \def\setref#1#2{{%
-  \indexdummies
+  \atdummies
   \pdfmkdest{#1}%
+  %
+  \turnoffactive
   \dosetq{#1-title}{Ytitle}%
   \dosetq{#1-pg}{Ypagenumber}%
   \dosetq{#1-snt}{#2}%
@@ -5638,7 +5859,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
   \ifpdf
     \leavevmode
     \getfilename{#4}%
-    {\normalturnoffactive
+    {\turnoffactive \otherbackslash
      \ifnum\filenamelength>0
        \startlink attr{/Border [0 0 0]}%
          goto file{\the\filename.pdf} name{#1}%
@@ -5658,7 +5879,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
     % into the usual \leavevmode...\vrule stuff for purposes of
     % printing. So we \turnoffactive for the \refx-snt, back on for the
     % printing, back off for the \refx-pg.
-    {\normalturnoffactive
+    {\turnoffactive \otherbackslash
      % Only output a following space if the -snt ref is nonempty; for
      % @unnumbered and @anchor, it won't be.
      \setbox2 = \hbox{\ignorespaces \refx{#1-snt}{}}%
@@ -5667,73 +5888,74 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
     % [mynode],
     [\printednodename],\space
     % page 3
-    \turnoffactive \putwordpage\tie\refx{#1-pg}{}%
+    \turnoffactive \otherbackslash \putwordpage\tie\refx{#1-pg}{}%
   \fi
   \endlink
 \endgroup}
 
-% \dosetq is the interface for calls from other macros
-
-% Use \normalturnoffactive so that punctuation chars such as underscore
-% and backslash work in node names.  (\turnoffactive doesn't do \.)
+% \dosetq is called from \setref to do the actual \write (\iflinks).
+%
 \def\dosetq#1#2{%
   {\let\folio=0%
-   \normalturnoffactive
    \edef\next{\write\auxfile{\internalsetq{#1}{#2}}}%
-   \iflinks
-     \next
-   \fi
+   \iflinks \next \fi
   }%
 }
 
-% \internalsetq {foo}{page} expands into
-% CHARACTERS 'xrdef {foo}{...expansion of \Ypage...}
-% When the aux file is read, ' is the escape character
-
-\def\internalsetq #1#2{'xrdef {#1}{\csname #2\endcsname}}
-
-% Things to be expanded by \internalsetq
+% \internalsetq{foo}{page} expands into
+%   CHARACTERS @xrdef{foo}{...expansion of \page...}
+\def\internalsetq#1#2{@xrdef{#1}{\csname #2\endcsname}}
 
+% Things to be expanded by \internalsetq.
+% 
 \def\Ypagenumber{\folio}
-
 \def\Ytitle{\thissection}
-
 \def\Ynothing{}
-
 \def\Ysectionnumberandtype{%
-\ifnum\secno=0 \putwordChapter\xreftie\the\chapno %
-\else \ifnum \subsecno=0 \putwordSection\xreftie\the\chapno.\the\secno %
-\else \ifnum \subsubsecno=0 %
-\putwordSection\xreftie\the\chapno.\the\secno.\the\subsecno %
-\else %
-\putwordSection\xreftie\the\chapno.\the\secno.\the\subsecno.\the\subsubsecno %
-\fi \fi \fi }
+  \ifnum\secno=0
+    \putwordChapter@tie \the\chapno
+  \else \ifnum\subsecno=0
+    \putwordSection@tie \the\chapno.\the\secno
+  \else \ifnum\subsubsecno=0
+    \putwordSection@tie \the\chapno.\the\secno.\the\subsecno
+  \else
+    \putwordSection@tie \the\chapno.\the\secno.\the\subsecno.\the\subsubsecno
+  \fi\fi\fi
+}
 
 \def\Yappendixletterandtype{%
-\ifnum\secno=0 \putwordAppendix\xreftie'char\the\appendixno{}%
-\else \ifnum \subsecno=0 \putwordSection\xreftie'char\the\appendixno.\the\secno %
-\else \ifnum \subsubsecno=0 %
-\putwordSection\xreftie'char\the\appendixno.\the\secno.\the\subsecno %
-\else %
-\putwordSection\xreftie'char\the\appendixno.\the\secno.\the\subsecno.\the\subsubsecno %
-\fi \fi \fi }
-
-\gdef\xreftie{'tie}
+  \ifnum\secno=0
+     \putwordAppendix@tie @char\the\appendixno{}%
+  \else \ifnum\subsecno=0
+     \putwordSection@tie @char\the\appendixno.\the\secno
+  \else \ifnum\subsubsecno=0
+    \putwordSection@tie @char\the\appendixno.\the\secno.\the\subsecno
+  \else
+    \putwordSection@tie
+      @char\the\appendixno.\the\secno.\the\subsecno.\the\subsubsecno
+  \fi\fi\fi
+}
 
 % Use TeX 3.0's \inputlineno to get the line number, for better error
 % messages, but if we're using an old version of TeX, don't do anything.
 %
 \ifx\inputlineno\thisisundefined
-  \let\linenumber = \empty % Non-3.0.
+  \let\linenumber = \empty % Pre-3.0.
 \else
   \def\linenumber{\the\inputlineno:\space}
 \fi
 
 % Define \refx{NAME}{SUFFIX} to reference a cross-reference string named NAME.
 % If its value is nonempty, SUFFIX is output afterward.
-
+%
 \def\refx#1#2{%
-  \expandafter\ifx\csname X#1\endcsname\relax
+  {%
+    \indexnofonts
+    \otherbackslash
+    \expandafter\global\expandafter\let\expandafter\thisrefX
+      \csname X#1\endcsname
+  }%
+  \ifx\thisrefX\relax
     % If not defined, say something at least.
     \angleleft un\-de\-fined\angleright
     \iflinks
@@ -5748,19 +5970,14 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
     \fi
   \else
     % It's defined, so just use it.
-    \csname X#1\endcsname
+    \thisrefX
   \fi
   #2% Output the suffix in any case.
 }
 
 % This is the macro invoked by entries in the aux file.
 %
-\def\xrdef#1{\begingroup
-  % Reenable \ as an escape while reading the second argument.
-  \catcode`\\ = 0
-  \afterassignment\endgroup
-  \expandafter\gdef\csname X#1\endcsname
-}
+\def\xrdef#1{\expandafter\gdef\csname X#1\endcsname}
 
 % Read the last existing aux file, if any.  No error if none exists.
 \def\readauxfile{\begingroup
@@ -5791,9 +6008,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
   \catcode`\^^]=\other
   \catcode`\^^^=\other
   \catcode`\^^_=\other
-  \catcode`\@=\other
-  \catcode`\^=\other
-  % It was suggested to define this as 7, which would allow ^^e4 etc.
+  % It was suggested to set the catcode of ^ to 7, which would allow ^^e4 etc.
   % in xref tags, i.e., node names.  But since ^^e4 notation isn't
   % supported in the main text, it doesn't seem desirable.  Furthermore,
   % that is not enough: for node names that actually contain a ^
@@ -5806,6 +6021,9 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
   % \def\auxhat{\def^{'hat }}% extra space so ok if followed by letter
   % and then to call \auxhat in \setq.
   %
+  \catcode`\^=\other
+  %
+  % Special characters.  Should be turned off anyway, but...
   \catcode`\~=\other
   \catcode`\[=\other
   \catcode`\]=\other
@@ -5817,7 +6035,9 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
   \catcode`\$=\other
   \catcode`\#=\other
   \catcode`\&=\other
+  \catcode`\%=\other
   \catcode`+=\other % avoid \+ for paranoia even though we've turned it off
+  %
   % Make the characters 128-255 be printing characters
   {%
     \count 1=128
@@ -5827,17 +6047,18 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
       \ifnum \count 1<256 \loop \fi
     }%
   }%
-  % The aux file uses ' as the escape (for now).
+  %
   % Turn off \ as an escape so we do not lose on
   % entries which were dumped with control sequences in their names.
-  % For example, 'xrdef {$\leq $-fun}{page ...} made by @defun ^^
+  % For example, @xrdef{$\leq $-fun}{page ...} made by @defun ^^
   % Reference to such entries still does not work the way one would wish,
   % but at least they do not bomb out when the aux file is read in.
+  \catcode`\\=\other
+  %
+  % @ is our escape character in .aux files.
   \catcode`\{=1
   \catcode`\}=2
-  \catcode`\%=\other
-  \catcode`\'=0
-  \catcode`\\=\other
+  \catcode`\@=0
   %
   \openin 1 \jobname.aux
   \ifeof 1 \else
@@ -5882,7 +6103,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
   % Remove inadvertent blank space before typesetting the footnote number.
   \unskip
   \thisfootno\@sf
-  \footnotezzz
+  \dofootnote
 }%
 
 % Don't bother with the trickery in plain.tex to not require the
@@ -5892,10 +6113,17 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 % \parseargline fail inside footnotes because the tokens are fixed when
 % the footnote is read.  --karl, 16nov96.
 %
-\long\gdef\footnotezzz{\insert\footins\bgroup
+% The start of the footnote looks usually like this:
+\gdef\startfootins{\insert\footins\bgroup}
+%
+% ... but this macro is redefined inside @multitable.
+%
+\gdef\dofootnote{%
+  \startfootins
   % We want to typeset this text as a normal paragraph, even if the
   % footnote reference occurs in (for example) a display environment.
   % So reset some parameters.
+  \hsize=\pagewidth
   \interlinepenalty\interfootnotelinepenalty
   \splittopskip\ht\strutbox % top baseline for broken footnotes
   \splitmaxdepth\dp\strutbox
@@ -5925,12 +6153,6 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
   \footstrut
   \futurelet\next\fo@t
 }
-\def\fo@t{\ifcat\bgroup\noexpand\next \let\next\f@@t
-  \else\let\next\f@t\fi \next}
-\def\f@@t{\bgroup\aftergroup\@foot\let\next}
-\def\f@t#1{#1\@foot}
-\def\@foot{\strut\par\egroup}
-
 }%end \catcode `\@=11
 
 % @| inserts a changebar to the left of the current line.  It should
@@ -5977,8 +6199,8 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi
 \openin 1 = epsf.tex
 \ifeof 1 \else
   \closein 1
-  % Do not bother showing banner with post-v2.7 epsf.tex (available in
-  % doc/epsf.tex until it shows up on ctan).
+  % Do not bother showing banner with epsf.tex v2.7k (available in
+  % doc/epsf.tex and on ctan).
   \def\epsfannounce{\toks0 = }%
   \input epsf.tex
 \fi
@@ -6139,15 +6361,6 @@ should work if nowhere else does.}
   \setemergencystretch
 }
 
-% Use `small' versions.
-% 
-\def\smallenvironments{%
-  \let\smalldisplay = \smalldisplayx
-  \let\smallexample = \smalllispx
-  \let\smallformat = \smallformatx
-  \let\smalllisp = \smalllispx
-}
-
 % @letterpaper (the default).
 \def\letterpaper{{\globaldefs = 1
   \parskip = 3pt plus 2pt minus 1pt
@@ -6175,7 +6388,6 @@ should work if nowhere else does.}
   \hfuzz = 1pt
   \contentsrightmargin = 0pt
   \defbodyindent = .5cm
-  \smallenvironments
 }}
 
 % Use @afourpaper to print on European A4 paper.
@@ -6222,8 +6434,6 @@ should work if nowhere else does.}
   \contentsrightmargin = 0pt
   \defbodyindent = 2mm
   \tableindent = 12mm
-  %
-  \smallenvironments
 }}
 
 % A specific text layout, 24x15cm overall, intended for A4 paper.  
@@ -6334,7 +6544,7 @@ should work if nowhere else does.}
 \catcode`\_=\active
 \def_{\ifusingtt\normalunderscore\_}
 % Subroutine for the previous macro.
-\def\_{\leavevmode \kern.06em \vbox{\hrule width.3em height.1ex}}
+\def\_{\leavevmode \kern.07em \vbox{\hrule width.3em height.1ex}\kern .07em }
 
 \catcode`\|=\active
 \def|{{\tt\char124}}
@@ -6348,8 +6558,6 @@ should work if nowhere else does.}
 \def+{{\tt \char 43}}
 \catcode`\$=\active
 \def${\ifusingit{{\sl\$}}\normaldollar}%$ font-lock fix
-%\catcode 27=\active
-%\def^^[{$\diamondsuit$}
 
 % Set up an active definition for =, but don't enable it most of the time.
 {\catcode`\==\active
@@ -6366,35 +6574,45 @@ should work if nowhere else does.}
 
 \catcode`\@=0
 
-% \rawbackslashxx output one backslash character in current font
+% \rawbackslashxx outputs one backslash character in current font,
+% as in \char`\\.
 \global\chardef\rawbackslashxx=`\\
-%{\catcode`\\=\other
-%@gdef@rawbackslashxx{\}}
 
-% \rawbackslash redefines \ as input to do \rawbackslashxx.
+% \rawbackslash defines an active \ to do \rawbackslashxx.
+% \otherbackslash defines an active \ to be a literal `\' character with
+% catcode other.
 {\catcode`\\=\active
-@gdef@rawbackslash{@let\=@rawbackslashxx }}
+ @gdef@rawbackslash{@let\=@rawbackslashxx}
+ @gdef@otherbackslash{@let\=@realbackslash}
+}
+
+% \realbackslash is an actual character `\' with catcode other.
+{\catcode`\\=\other @gdef@realbackslash{\}}
 
 % \normalbackslash outputs one backslash in fixed width font.
 \def\normalbackslash{{\tt\rawbackslashxx}}
 
-% \catcode 17=0   % Define control-q
 \catcode`\\=\active
 
 % Used sometimes to turn off (effectively) the active characters
 % even after parsing them.
-@def@turnoffactive{@let"=@normaldoublequote
-@let\=@realbackslash
-@let~=@normaltilde
-@let^=@normalcaret
-@let_=@normalunderscore
-@let|=@normalverticalbar
-@let<=@normalless
-@let>=@normalgreater
-@let+=@normalplus
-@let$=@normaldollar}%$ font-lock fix
-
-% Same as @turnoffactive except for \.
+@def@turnoffactive{%
+  @let"=@normaldoublequote
+  @let\=@realbackslash
+  @let~=@normaltilde
+  @let^=@normalcaret
+  @let_=@normalunderscore
+  @let|=@normalverticalbar
+  @let<=@normalless
+  @let>=@normalgreater
+  @let+=@normalplus
+  @let$=@normaldollar %$ font-lock fix
+}
+
+% Same as @turnoffactive except outputs \ as {\tt\char`\\} instead of
+% the literal character `\'.  (Thus, \ is not expandable when this is in
+% effect.)
+% 
 @def@normalturnoffactive{@turnoffactive @let\=@normalbackslash}
 
 % Make _ and + \other characters, temporarily.