X-Git-Url: http://git.chise.org/gitweb/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=info%2Fxemacs.info-20;h=9ce962ea1a127c5462e65167ce7771f4285005e3;hb=52838d5d5614c339626bec4abba4699995150678;hp=aaede94a18ca5f87d827006f78e7254baf1bff1f;hpb=430e0db85cc37821320fe27da9feeacc7961003f;p=chise%2Fxemacs-chise.git- diff --git a/info/xemacs.info-20 b/info/xemacs.info-20 index aaede94..9ce962e 100644 --- a/info/xemacs.info-20 +++ b/info/xemacs.info-20 @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -This is Info file ../../info/xemacs.info, produced by Makeinfo version -1.68 from the input file xemacs.texi. +This is ../info/xemacs.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.0 from +xemacs/xemacs.texi. INFO-DIR-SECTION XEmacs Editor START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY @@ -30,736 +30,954 @@ versions, except that the sections entitled "The GNU Manifesto", translation approved by the author instead of in the original English.  -File: xemacs.info, Node: Command Index, Next: Variable Index, Prev: Key Index, Up: Top +File: xemacs.info, Node: Manifesto, Next: Key Index, Prev: Glossary, Up: Top -Command and Function Index -************************** +The GNU Manifesto +***************** + +What's GNU? GNU's Not Unix! +============================ + + GNU, which stands for GNU's Not Unix, is the name for the complete +Unix-compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it +away free to everyone who can use it. Several other volunteers are +helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs, and equipment are +greatly needed. + + So far we have an Emacs text editor with Lisp for writing editor +commands, a source level debugger, a yacc-compatible parser generator, +a linker, and around 35 utilities. A shell (command interpreter) is +nearly completed. A new portable optimizing C compiler has compiled +itself and may be released this year. An initial kernel exists, but +many more features are needed to emulate Unix. When the kernel and +compiler are finished, it will be possible to distribute a GNU system +suitable for program development. We will use TeX as our text +formatter, but an nroff is being worked on. We will use the free, +portable X window system as well. After this we will add a portable +Common Lisp, an Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of other +things, plus online documentation. We hope to supply, eventually, +everything useful that normally comes with a Unix system, and more. + + GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to +Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our +experience with other operating systems. In particular, we plan to +have longer filenames, file version numbers, a crashproof file system, +filename completion perhaps, terminal-independent display support, and +perhaps eventually a Lisp-based window system through which several +Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs can share a screen. Both C +and Lisp will be available as system programming languages. We will +try to support UUCP, MIT Chaosnet, and Internet protocols for +communication. + + GNU is aimed initially at machines in the 68000/16000 class with +virtual memory, because they are the easiest machines to make it run +on. The extra effort to make it run on smaller machines will be left +to someone who wants to use it on them. + + To avoid horrible confusion, please pronounce the `G' in the word +`GNU' when it is the name of this project. + +Why I Must Write GNU +==================== + + I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I +must share it with other people who like it. Software sellers want to +divide the users and conquer them, making each user agree not to share +with others. I refuse to break solidarity with other users in this +way. I cannot in good conscience sign a nondisclosure agreement or a +software license agreement. For years I worked within the Artificial +Intelligence Lab to resist such tendencies and other inhospitalities, +but eventually they had gone too far: I could not remain in an +institution where such things are done for me against my will. + + So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have +decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I +will be able to get along without any software that is not free. I +have resigned from the AI lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent +me from giving GNU away. + +Why GNU Will Be Compatible With Unix +==================================== + + Unix is not my ideal system, but it is not too bad. The essential +features of Unix seem to be good ones, and I think I can fill in what +Unix lacks without spoiling them. And a system compatible with Unix +would be convenient for many other people to adopt. + +How GNU Will Be Available +========================= + + GNU is not in the public domain. Everyone will be permitted to +modify and redistribute GNU, but no distributor will be allowed to +restrict its further redistribution. That is to say, proprietary +modifications will not be allowed. I want to make sure that all +versions of GNU remain free. + +Why Many Other Programmers Want to Help +======================================= + + I have found many other programmers who are excited about GNU and +want to help. + + Many programmers are unhappy about the commercialization of system +software. It may enable them to make more money, but it requires them +to feel in conflict with other programmers in general rather than feel +as comrades. The fundamental act of friendship among programmers is the +sharing of programs; marketing arrangements now typically used +essentially forbid programmers to treat others as friends. The +purchaser of software must choose between friendship and obeying the +law. Naturally, many decide that friendship is more important. But +those who believe in law often do not feel at ease with either choice. +They become cynical and think that programming is just a way of making +money. + + By working on and using GNU rather than proprietary programs, we can +be hospitable to everyone and obey the law. In addition, GNU serves as +an example to inspire and a banner to rally others to join us in +sharing. This can give us a feeling of harmony which is impossible if +we use software that is not free. For about half the programmers I +talk to, this is an important happiness that money cannot replace. + +How You Can Contribute +====================== + + I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and +money. I'm asking individuals for donations of programs and work. + + One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is that GNU +will run on them at an early date. The machines should be complete, +ready-to-use systems, approved for use in a residential area, and not +in need of sophisticated cooling or power. + + I have found very many programmers eager to contribute part-time +work for GNU. For most projects, such part-time distributed work would +be very hard to coordinate; the independently-written parts would not +work together. But for the particular task of replacing Unix, this +problem is absent. A complete Unix system contains hundreds of utility +programs, each of which is documented separately. Most interface +specifications are fixed by Unix compatibility. If each contributor +can write a compatible replacement for a single Unix utility, and make +it work properly in place of the original on a Unix system, then these +utilities will work right when put together. Even allowing for Murphy +to create a few unexpected problems, assembling these components will +be a feasible task. (The kernel will require closer communication and +will be worked on by a small, tight group.) + + If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full +or part time. The salary won't be high by programmers' standards, but +I'm looking for people for whom building community spirit is as +important as making money. I view this as a way of enabling dedicated +people to devote their full energies to working on GNU by sparing them +the need to make a living in another way. + +Why All Computer Users Will Benefit +=================================== + + Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system +software free, just like air. + + This means much more than just saving everyone the price of a Unix +license. It means that much wasteful duplication of system programming +effort will be avoided. This effort can go instead into advancing the +state of the art. + + Complete system sources will be available to everyone. As a result, +a user who needs changes in the system will always be free to make them +himself, or hire any available programmer or company to make them for +him. Users will no longer be at the mercy of one programmer or company +which owns the sources and is in sole position to make changes. + + Schools will be able to provide a much more educational environment +by encouraging all students to study and improve the system code. +Harvard's computer lab used to have the policy that no program could be +installed on the system if its sources were not on public display, and +upheld it by actually refusing to install certain programs. I was very +much inspired by this. + + Finally, the overhead of considering who owns the system software +and what one is or is not entitled to do with it will be lifted. + + Arrangements to make people pay for using a program, including +licensing of copies, always incur a tremendous cost to society through +the cumbersome mechanisms necessary to figure out how much (that is, +which programs) a person must pay for. And only a police state can +force everyone to obey them. Consider a space station where air must +be manufactured at great cost: charging each breather per liter of air +may be fair, but wearing the metered gas mask all day and all night is +intolerable even if everyone can afford to pay the air bill. And the +TV cameras everywhere to see if you ever take the mask off are +outrageous. It's better to support the air plant with a head tax and +chuck the masks. + + Copying all or parts of a program is as natural to a programmer as +breathing, and as productive. It ought to be as free. + +Some Easily Rebutted Objections to GNU's Goals +============================================== + + "Nobody will use it if it is free, because that means they can't + rely on any support." + + "You have to charge for the program to pay for providing the + support." + + If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free +without service, a company to provide just service to people who have +obtained GNU free ought to be profitable. + + We must distinguish between support in the form of real programming +work and mere handholding. The former is something one cannot rely on +from a software vendor. If your problem is not shared by enough +people, the vendor will tell you to get lost. + + If your business needs to be able to rely on support, the only way +is to have all the necessary sources and tools. Then you can hire any +available person to fix your problem; you are not at the mercy of any +individual. With Unix, the price of sources puts this out of +consideration for most businesses. With GNU this will be easy. It is +still possible for there to be no available competent person, but this +problem cannot be blamed on distribution arrangements. GNU does not +eliminate all the world's problems, only some of them. + + Meanwhile, the users who know nothing about computers need +handholding: doing things for them which they could easily do +themselves but don't know how. + + Such services could be provided by companies that sell just +hand-holding and repair service. If it is true that users would rather +spend money and get a product with service, they will also be willing +to buy the service having got the product free. The service companies +will compete in quality and price; users will not be tied to any +particular one. Meanwhile, those of us who don't need the service +should be able to use the program without paying for the service. + + "You cannot reach many people without advertising, and you must + charge for the program to support that." + + "It's no use advertising a program people can get free." + + There are various forms of free or very cheap publicity that can be +used to inform numbers of computer users about something like GNU. But +it may be true that one can reach more microcomputer users with +advertising. If this is really so, a business which advertises the +service of copying and mailing GNU for a fee ought to be successful +enough to pay for its advertising and more. This way, only the users +who benefit from the advertising pay for it. + + On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and +such companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not +really necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates +don't want to let the free market decide this? + + "My company needs a proprietary operating system to get a + competitive edge." + + GNU will remove operating system software from the realm of +competition. You will not be able to get an edge in this area, but +neither will your competitors be able to get an edge over you. You and +they will compete in other areas, while benefitting mutually in this +one. If your business is selling an operating system, you will not +like GNU, but that's tough on you. If your business is something else, +GNU can save you from being pushed into the expensive business of +selling operating systems. + + I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many +manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each. + + "Don't programmers deserve a reward for their creativity?" + + If anything deserves a reward, it is social contribution. +Creativity can be a social contribution, but only in so far as society +is free to use the results. If programmers deserve to be rewarded for +creating innovative programs, by the same token they deserve to be +punished if they restrict the use of these programs. + + "Shouldn't a programmer be able to ask for a reward for his + creativity?" + + There is nothing wrong with wanting pay for work, or seeking to +maximize one's income, as long as one does not use means that are +destructive. But the means customary in the field of software today +are based on destruction. + + Extracting money from users of a program by restricting their use of +it is destructive because the restrictions reduce the amount and the +ways that the program can be used. This reduces the amount of wealth +that humanity derives from the program. When there is a deliberate +choice to restrict, the harmful consequences are deliberate destruction. + + The reason a good citizen does not use such destructive means to +become wealthier is that, if everyone did so, we would all become +poorer from the mutual destructiveness. This is Kantian ethics; or, +the Golden Rule. Since I do not like the consequences that result if +everyone hoards information, I am required to consider it wrong for one +to do so. Specifically, the desire to be rewarded for one's creativity +does not justify depriving the world in general of all or part of that +creativity. + + "Won't programmers starve?" + + I could answer that nobody is forced to be a programmer. Most of us +cannot manage to get any money for standing on the street and making +faces. But we are not, as a result, condemned to spend our lives +standing on the street making faces, and starving. We do something +else. + + But that is the wrong answer because it accepts the questioner's +implicit assumption: that without ownership of software, programmers +cannot possibly be paid a cent. Supposedly it is all or nothing. + + The real reason programmers will not starve is that it will still be +possible for them to get paid for programming; just not paid as much as +now. + + Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. +It is the most common basis because it brings in the most money. If it +were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software business would +move to other bases of organization which are now used less often. +There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business. + + Probably programming will not be as lucrative on the new basis as it +is now. But that is not an argument against the change. It is not +considered an injustice that sales clerks make the salaries that they +now do. If programmers made the same, that would not be an injustice +either. (In practice they would still make considerably more than +that.) + + "Don't people have a right to control how their creativity is + used?" + + "Control over the use of one's ideas" really constitutes control over +other people's lives; and it is usually used to make their lives more +difficult. + + People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights +carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no intrinsic right to +intellectual property. The kinds of supposed intellectual property +rights that the government recognizes were created by specific acts of +legislation for specific purposes. + + For example, the patent system was established to encourage +inventors to disclose the details of their inventions. Its purpose was +to help society rather than to help inventors. At the time, the life +span of 17 years for a patent was short compared with the rate of +advance of the state of the art. Since patents are an issue only among +manufacturers, for whom the cost and effort of a license agreement are +small compared with setting up production, the patents often do not do +much harm. They do not obstruct most individuals who use patented +products. + + The idea of copyright did not exist in ancient times, when authors +frequently copied other authors at length in works of non-fiction. This +practice was useful, and is the only way many authors' works have +survived even in part. The copyright system was created expressly for +the purpose of encouraging authorship. In the domain for which it was +invented--books, which could be copied economically only on a printing +press--it did little harm, and did not obstruct most of the individuals +who read the books. + + All intellectual property rights are just licenses granted by society +because it was thought, rightly or wrongly, that society as a whole +would benefit by granting them. But in any particular situation, we +have to ask: are we really better off granting such license? What kind +of act are we licensing a person to do? + + The case of programs today is very different from that of books a +hundred years ago. The fact that the easiest way to copy a program is +from one neighbor to another, the fact that a program has both source +code and object code which are distinct, and the fact that a program is +used rather than read and enjoyed, combine to create a situation in +which a person who enforces a copyright is harming society as a whole +both materially and spiritually; in which a person should not do so +regardless of whether the law enables him to. + + "Competition makes things get done better." + + The paradigm of competition is a race: by rewarding the winner, we +encourage everyone to run faster. When capitalism really works this +way, it does a good job; but its defenders are wrong in assuming it +always works this way. If the runners forget why the reward is offered +and become intent on winning, no matter how, they may find other +strategies--such as, attacking other runners. If the runners get into +a fist fight, they will all finish late. + + Proprietary and secret software is the moral equivalent of runners +in a fist fight. Sad to say, the only referee we've got does not seem +to object to fights; he just regulates them ("For every ten yards you +run, you can fire one shot"). He really ought to break them up, and +penalize runners for even trying to fight. + + "Won't everyone stop programming without a monetary incentive?" + + Actually, many people will program with absolutely no monetary +incentive. Programming has an irresistible fascination for some +people, usually the people who are best at it. There is no shortage of +professional musicians who keep at it even though they have no hope of +making a living that way. + + But really this question, though commonly asked, is not appropriate +to the situation. Pay for programmers will not disappear, only become +less. So the right question is, will anyone program with a reduced +monetary incentive? My experience shows that they will. + + For more than ten years, many of the world's best programmers worked +at the Artificial Intelligence Lab for far less money than they could +have had anywhere else. They got many kinds of non-monetary rewards: +fame and appreciation, for example. And creativity is also fun, a +reward in itself. + + Then most of them left when offered a chance to do the same +interesting work for a lot of money. + + What the facts show is that people will program for reasons other +than riches; but if given a chance to make a lot of money as well, they +will come to expect and demand it. Low-paying organizations do poorly +in competition with high-paying ones, but they do not have to do badly +if the high-paying ones are banned. + + "We need the programmers desperately. If they demand that we stop + helping our neighbors, we have to obey." + + You're never so desperate that you have to obey this sort of demand. +Remember: millions for defense, but not a cent for tribute! + + "Programmers need to make a living somehow." + + In the short run, this is true. However, there are plenty of ways +that programmers could make a living without selling the right to use a +program. This way is customary now because it brings programmers and +businessmen the most money, not because it is the only way to make a +living. It is easy to find other ways if you want to find them. Here +are a number of examples. + + A manufacturer introducing a new computer will pay for the porting of +operating systems onto the new hardware. + + The sale of teaching, hand-holding, and maintenance services could +also employ programmers. + + People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware and ask +for donations from satisfied users or sell hand-holding services. I +have met people who are already working this way successfully. + + Users with related needs can form users' groups and pay dues. A +group would contract with programming companies to write programs that +the group's members would like to use. + + All sorts of development can be funded with a Software Tax: + + Suppose everyone who buys a computer has to pay a certain percent + of the price as a software tax. The government gives this to an + agency like the NSF to spend on software development. + + But if the computer buyer makes a donation to software development + himself, he can take a credit against the tax. He can donate to + the project of his own choosing--often, chosen because he hopes to + use the results when + + it is done. He can take a credit for any amount of donation up to + the total tax he had to pay. + + The total tax rate could be decided by a vote of the payers of the + tax, weighted according to the amount they will be taxed on. + + The consequences: + + * The computer-using community supports software development. + + * This community decides what level of support is needed. + + * Users who care which projects their share is spent on can + choose this for themselves. + + In the long run, making programs free is a step toward the +post-scarcity world, where nobody will have to work very hard just to +make a living. People will be free to devote themselves to activities +that are fun, such as programming, after spending the necessary ten +hours a week on required tasks such as legislation, family counseling, +robot repair, and asteroid prospecting. There will be no need to be +able to make a living from programming. + + We have already greatly reduced the amount of work that the whole +society must do for its actual productivity, but only a little of this +has translated itself into leisure for workers because much +nonproductive activity is required to accompany productive activity. +The main causes of this are bureaucracy and isometric struggles against +competition. Free software will greatly reduce these drains in the +area of software production. We must do this, in order for technical +gains in productivity to translate into less work for us. + + +File: xemacs.info, Node: Key Index, Next: Command Index, Prev: Manifesto, Up: Top + +Key (Character) Index +********************* * Menu: -* abbrev-mode <1>: Abbrevs. -* abbrev-mode: Minor Modes. -* abbrev-prefix-mark: Expanding Abbrevs. -* abort-recursive-edit <1>: Recursive Edit. -* abort-recursive-edit: Quitting. -* add-change-log-entry: Change Log. -* add-global-abbrev: Defining Abbrevs. -* add-menu: Menu Customization. -* add-menu-item: Menu Customization. -* add-mode-abbrev: Defining Abbrevs. -* add-name-to-file: Misc File Ops. -* american-calendar: Date Formats. -* append-next-kill: Appending Kills. -* append-to-buffer: Accumulating Text. -* append-to-file <1>: Misc File Ops. -* append-to-file: Accumulating Text. -* apropos: Help. -* ask-user-about-lock: Interlocking. -* auto-fill-mode <1>: Minor Modes. -* auto-fill-mode: Auto Fill. -* auto-save-mode: Auto Save Control. -* 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customize-group: Specific Customization. -* customize-option: Specific Customization. -* customize-saved: Specific Customization. -* dabbrev-expand: Dynamic Abbrevs. -* debug: Lisp Debug. -* debug-on-entry: Lisp Debug. -* default-value: Locals. -* define-abbrevs: Saving Abbrevs. -* define-key <1>: Programmatic Rebinding. -* define-key: Interactive Rebinding. -* delete-backward-char <1>: Basic. -* delete-backward-char <2>: Killing. -* delete-backward-char: Kill Errors. -* delete-blank-lines <1>: Killing. -* delete-blank-lines: Blank Lines. -* delete-char <1>: Basic Picture. -* delete-char: Killing. -* delete-file: Misc File Ops. -* delete-horizontal-space <1>: Indentation Commands. -* delete-horizontal-space: Killing. -* delete-indentation <1>: Indentation Commands. -* delete-indentation: Killing. -* delete-matching-lines: Other Repeating Search. -* delete-menu-item: Menu Customization. -* delete-non-matching-lines: Other Repeating Search. -* delete-other-windows: Change Window. -* delete-rectangle: Rectangles. -* delete-window: Change Window. -* describe-bindings: Help. -* describe-calendar-mode: General Calendar. -* describe-coding-system: Coding Systems. -* describe-copying: Help. -* describe-distribution: Help. -* describe-function <1>: Help. -* describe-function: Documentation. -* describe-input-method: Select Input Method. -* describe-key: Help. -* describe-key-briefly: Help. -* describe-language-environment: Language Environments. -* describe-mode: Help. -* describe-no-warranty: Help. -* describe-syntax: Syntax Change. -* describe-variable <1>: Documentation. -* describe-variable <2>: Examining. -* describe-variable: Help. -* diary: Diary Commands. -* diary-anniversary <1>: Special Diary Entries. -* diary-anniversary: Sexp Diary Entries. -* diary-astro-day-number: Sexp Diary Entries. -* diary-block: Special Diary Entries. -* diary-cyclic <1>: Special Diary Entries. -* diary-cyclic: Sexp Diary Entries. -* diary-day-of-year: Sexp Diary Entries. -* diary-float: Special Diary Entries. -* diary-french-date: Sexp Diary Entries. -* diary-hebrew-date: Sexp Diary Entries. -* diary-islamic-date: Sexp Diary Entries. -* diary-iso-date: Sexp Diary Entries. -* diary-julian-date: Sexp Diary Entries. -* diary-mail-entries: Diary Commands. -* diary-mayan-date: Sexp Diary Entries. -* diary-omer: Sexp Diary Entries. -* diary-parasha: Sexp Diary Entries. -* diary-phases-of-moon: Sexp Diary Entries. -* diary-rosh-hodesh: Sexp Diary Entries. -* diary-sabbath-candles: Sexp Diary Entries. -* diary-sunrise-sunset: Sexp Diary Entries. -* diary-yahrzeit: Sexp Diary Entries. -* diff: Comparing Files. -* diff-backup: Comparing Files. -* digit-argument: Arguments. -* dired: Dired Enter. -* dired-other-window <1>: Pop Up Window. -* dired-other-window: Dired Enter. -* disable-command: Disabling. -* disable-menu-item: Menu Customization. -* disassemble: Compiling Libraries. -* display-time: Mode Line. -* dissociated-press: Dissociated Press. -* do-auto-save: Auto Save Control. -* doctor: Total Frustration. -* down-list: Lists. -* downcase-region: Case. -* downcase-word <1>: Case. -* downcase-word: Fixing Case. -* edit-abbrevs: Editing Abbrevs. -* edit-abbrevs-redefine: Editing Abbrevs. -* edit-options: Edit Options. -* edit-picture: Picture. -* edit-tab-stops <1>: Text Mode. -* edit-tab-stops: Tab Stops. -* edit-tab-stops-note-changes: Tab Stops. -* edt-emulation-off: Emulation. -* edt-emulation-on: Emulation. -* electric-nroff-mode: Nroff Mode. -* emacs-lisp-mode: Lisp Eval. -* emacs-version: Bugs. -* enable-command: Disabling. -* enable-menu-item: Menu Customization. -* end-kbd-macro: Basic Kbd Macro. -* end-of-buffer: Basic. -* end-of-defun: Defuns. -* end-of-fortran-subprogram: Fortran Motion. -* end-of-line: Basic. -* enlarge-window: Change Window. -* enlarge-window-horizontally: Change Window. -* european-calendar: Date Formats. -* eval-current-buffer: Lisp Eval. -* eval-defun: Lisp Eval. -* eval-expression: Lisp Eval. -* eval-last-sexp: Lisp Eval. -* eval-region: Lisp Eval. -* exchange-point-and-mark: Setting Mark. -* execute-extended-command: M-x. -* exit-calendar: General Calendar. -* exit-recursive-edit: Recursive Edit. -* expand-abbrev: Expanding Abbrevs. -* expand-region-abbrevs: Expanding Abbrevs. -* fancy-diary-display: Fancy Diary Display. -* fill-individual-paragraphs: Fill Prefix. -* fill-paragraph: Fill Commands. -* fill-region: Fill Commands. -* fill-region-as-paragraph: Fill Commands. -* find-alternate-file: Visiting. -* find-file: Visiting. -* find-file-other-frame <1>: XEmacs under X. -* find-file-other-frame: Visiting. -* find-file-other-window <1>: Pop Up Window. -* find-file-other-window: Visiting. -* find-tag: Find Tag. -* find-tag-other-window <1>: Find Tag. -* find-tag-other-window: Pop Up Window. -* find-this-file: Visiting. -* find-this-file-other-window: Visiting. -* fortran-column-ruler: Fortran Columns. -* fortran-comment-region: Fortran Comments. -* fortran-indent-line: ForIndent Commands. -* fortran-indent-subprogram: ForIndent Commands. -* fortran-mode: Fortran. -* fortran-next-statement: Fortran Motion. -* fortran-previous-statement: Fortran Motion. -* fortran-split-line: ForIndent Commands. -* fortran-window-create: Fortran Columns. -* forward-char: Basic. -* forward-list: Lists. -* forward-page: Pages. -* forward-paragraph: Paragraphs. -* forward-sentence: Sentences. -* forward-sexp: Lists. -* forward-text-line: Nroff Mode. -* forward-word: Words. -* global-set-key <1>: Interactive Rebinding. -* global-set-key: Programmatic Rebinding. -* goto-char: Basic. -* goto-line: Basic. -* hanoi: Amusements. -* help-with-tutorial <1>: Help. -* help-with-tutorial: Basic. -* hide-body: Outline Visibility. -* hide-entry: Outline Visibility. -* hide-leaves: Outline Visibility. -* hide-subtree: Outline Visibility. -* holidays: Holidays. -* include-other-diary-files: Included Diary Files. -* indent-c-exp: Multi-line Indent. -* indent-for-comment: Comments. -* indent-new-comment-line: Comments. -* indent-region <1>: Multi-line Indent. -* indent-region: Indentation Commands. -* indent-relative: Indentation Commands. -* indent-rigidly: Indentation Commands. -* indent-sexp: Multi-line Indent. -* indented-text-mode: Text Mode. -* info: Help. -* insert-abbrevs: Saving Abbrevs. -* insert-anniversary-diary-entry: Special Diary Entries. -* insert-block-diary-entry: Special Diary Entries. -* insert-cyclic-diary-entry: Special Diary Entries. -* insert-diary-entry: Adding to Diary. -* insert-file: Misc File Ops. -* insert-hebrew-diary-entry: Hebrew/Islamic Entries. -* insert-islamic-diary-entry: Hebrew/Islamic Entries. -* insert-kbd-macro: Save Kbd Macro. -* insert-monthly-diary-entry: Adding to Diary. -* insert-monthly-hebrew-diary-entry: Hebrew/Islamic Entries. -* insert-monthly-islamic-diary-entry: Hebrew/Islamic Entries. -* insert-parentheses: Balanced Editing. -* insert-register: RegText. -* insert-weekly-diary-entry: Adding to Diary. -* insert-yearly-diary-entry: Adding to Diary. -* insert-yearly-hebrew-diary-entry: Hebrew/Islamic Entries. -* insert-yearly-islamic-diary-entry: Hebrew/Islamic Entries. -* interactive: M-x. -* interrupt-shell-subjob: Shell Mode. -* inverse-add-global-abbrev: Defining Abbrevs. -* inverse-add-mode-abbrev: Defining Abbrevs. -* invert-face: Faces. -* isearch-abort: Incremental Search. -* isearch-backward: Incremental Search. -* isearch-backward-regexp: Regexp Search. -* isearch-complete: Incremental Search. -* isearch-delete-char: Incremental Search. -* isearch-exit: Incremental Search. -* isearch-forward: Incremental Search. -* isearch-forward-regexp: Regexp Search. -* isearch-quote-char: Incremental Search. -* isearch-repeat-backward: Incremental Search. -* isearch-repeat-forward: Incremental Search. -* isearch-ring-advance: Incremental Search. -* isearch-ring-retreat: Incremental Search. -* isearch-yank-line: Incremental Search. -* isearch-yank-word: Incremental Search. -* jump-to-register: Split Window. -* just-one-space: Killing. -* kbd-macro-query: Kbd Macro Query. -* kill-all-abbrevs: Defining Abbrevs. -* kill-buffer: Kill Buffer. -* kill-comment: Comments. -* kill-compilation: Compilation. -* kill-line: Killing. -* kill-local-variable: Locals. -* kill-output-from-shell: Shell Mode. -* kill-rectangle: Rectangles. -* kill-region: Killing. -* kill-sentence <1>: Killing. -* kill-sentence: Sentences. -* kill-sexp <1>: Lists. -* kill-sexp: Killing. -* kill-some-buffers: Kill Buffer. -* kill-word <1>: Words. -* kill-word: Killing. -* latex-mode: TeX Mode. -* LaTeX-mode: TeX Mode. -* lisp-complete-symbol: Lisp Completion. -* lisp-indent-line: Basic Indent. -* lisp-interaction-mode: Lisp Interaction. -* lisp-mode: External Lisp. -* lisp-send-defun: External Lisp. -* list-abbrevs: Editing Abbrevs. -* list-buffers: List Buffers. -* list-calendar-holidays: Holidays. -* list-coding-systems: Coding Systems. -* list-command-history: Repetition. -* list-directory: ListDir. -* list-hebrew-diary-entries: Hebrew/Islamic Entries. -* list-holidays: Holidays. -* list-input-methods: Select Input Method. -* list-islamic-diary-entries: Hebrew/Islamic Entries. -* list-matching-lines: Other Repeating Search. -* list-options: Edit Options. -* list-tags: List Tags. -* list-yahrzeit-dates: From Other Calendar. -* load: Loading. -* load-default-sounds: Audible Bell. -* load-file: Loading. -* load-library <1>: Startup Paths. -* load-library: Loading. -* load-sound-file: Audible Bell. -* local-set-key: Interactive Rebinding. -* local-unset-key: Interactive Rebinding. -* locate-library: Loading. -* lpr-buffer: Hardcopy. -* lpr-region: Hardcopy. -* mail: Sending Mail. -* mail-cc: Mail Mode. -* mail-fill-yanked-message: Mail Mode. -* mail-interactive-insert-alias: Mail Headers. -* mail-other-window <1>: Pop Up Window. -* mail-other-window: Sending Mail. -* mail-send: Mail Mode. -* mail-send-and-exit: Mail Mode. -* mail-signature: Mail Mode. -* mail-subject: Mail Mode. -* mail-to: Mail Mode. -* mail-yank-original: Mail Mode. -* make-directory: File Names. -* make-face-bold: Faces. -* make-face-bold-italic: Faces. -* make-face-italic: Faces. -* make-face-larger: Faces. -* make-face-smaller: Faces. -* make-face-unbold: Faces. -* make-face-unitalic: Faces. -* make-frame: XEmacs under X. -* make-local-variable: Locals. -* make-obsolete: Compiling Libraries. -* make-symbolic-link: Misc File Ops. -* make-variable-buffer-local: Locals. -* manual-entry: Documentation. -* mark-beginning-of-buffer: Setting Mark. -* mark-calendar-holidays: Holidays. -* mark-defun <1>: Defuns. -* mark-defun: Marking Objects. -* mark-diary-entries: Diary Commands. -* mark-end-of-buffer: Setting Mark. -* mark-fortran-subprogram: Fortran Motion. -* mark-hebrew-diary-entries: Hebrew/Islamic Entries. -* mark-included-diary-files: Included Diary Files. -* mark-islamic-diary-entries: Hebrew/Islamic Entries. -* mark-page <1>: Pages. -* mark-page: Marking Objects. -* mark-paragraph <1>: Paragraphs. -* mark-paragraph: Marking Objects. -* mark-sexp <1>: Marking Objects. -* mark-sexp: Lists. -* mark-whole-buffer: Marking Objects. -* mark-word <1>: Words. -* mark-word: Marking Objects. -* minibuffer-complete: Completion. -* minibuffer-complete-word: Completion. -* modify-syntax-entry: Syntax Change. -* mouse-del-char: Additional Mouse Operations. -* mouse-delete-window: Additional Mouse Operations. -* mouse-keep-one-window: Additional Mouse Operations. -* mouse-kill-line: Additional Mouse Operations. -* mouse-line-length: Additional Mouse Operations. -* mouse-scroll: Additional Mouse Operations. -* mouse-select: Additional Mouse Operations. -* mouse-select-and-split: Additional Mouse Operations. -* mouse-set-mark: Additional Mouse Operations. -* mouse-set-point: Additional Mouse Operations. -* mouse-track: Additional Mouse Operations. -* mouse-track-adjust: Additional Mouse Operations. -* mouse-track-and-copy-to-cutbuffer: Additional Mouse Operations. -* mouse-track-delete-and-insert: Additional Mouse Operations. -* move-over-close-and-reindent: Balanced Editing. -* move-to-window-line: Basic. -* name-last-kbd-macro: Save Kbd Macro. -* narrow-to-region: Narrowing. -* negative-argument: Arguments. -* newline: Basic. -* newline-and-indent: Basic Indent. -* next-complex-command: Repetition. -* next-error: Compilation. -* next-line: Basic. -* not-modified: Saving. -* nroff-mode: Nroff Mode. -* occur: Other Repeating Search. -* open-dribble-file: Bugs. -* open-line: Blank Lines. -* open-rectangle: Rectangles. -* open-termscript: Bugs. -* other-window: Other Window. -* other-window-any-frame: Other Window. -* outline-backward-same-level: Outline Motion. -* outline-forward-same-level: Outline Motion. -* outline-next-visible-heading: Outline Motion. -* outline-previous-visible-heading: Outline Motion. -* outline-up-heading: Outline Motion. -* overwrite-mode: Minor Modes. -* phases-of-moon: Lunar Phases. -* picture-backward-clear-column: Basic Picture. -* picture-backward-column: Basic Picture. -* picture-clear-column: Basic Picture. -* picture-clear-line: Basic Picture. -* picture-clear-rectangle: Rectangles in Picture. -* picture-clear-rectangle-to-register: Rectangles in Picture. -* picture-forward-column: Basic Picture. -* picture-motion: Insert in Picture. -* picture-motion-reverse: Insert in Picture. -* picture-move-down: Basic Picture. -* picture-move-up: Basic Picture. -* picture-movement-down: Insert in Picture. -* picture-movement-left: Insert in Picture. -* picture-movement-ne: Insert in Picture. -* picture-movement-nw: Insert in Picture. -* picture-movement-right: Insert in Picture. -* picture-movement-se: Insert in Picture. -* picture-movement-sw: Insert in Picture. -* picture-movement-up: Insert in Picture. -* picture-newline: Basic Picture. -* picture-open-line: Basic Picture. -* picture-set-tab-stops: Tabs in Picture. -* picture-tab: Tabs in Picture. -* picture-tab-search: Tabs in Picture. -* picture-yank-rectangle: Rectangles in Picture. -* picture-yank-rectangle-from-register: Rectangles in Picture. -* plain-tex-mode: TeX Mode. -* plain-TeX-mode: TeX Mode. -* play-sound: Audible Bell. -* point-to-register: RegPos. -* prefer-coding-system: Recognize Coding. -* prepend-to-buffer: Accumulating Text. -* previous-complex-command: Repetition. -* previous-line: Basic. -* print-buffer: Hardcopy. -* print-diary-entries <1>: Diary Customizing. -* print-diary-entries: Diary Commands. -* print-region: Hardcopy. -* quail-set-keyboard-layout: Select Input Method. -* query-replace: Query Replace. -* query-replace-regexp: Query Replace. -* quietly-read-abbrev-file: Saving Abbrevs. -* quit-shell-subjob: Shell Mode. -* quoted-insert: Basic. -* re-search-backward: Regexp Search. -* re-search-forward: Regexp Search. -* read-abbrev-file: Saving Abbrevs. -* read-key-sequence: Representing Keystrokes. -* recenter <1>: Scrolling. -* recenter: Basic. -* recover-file: Recover. -* redraw-calendar: General Calendar. -* register-to-point: RegPos. -* relabel-menu-item: Menu Customization. -* remove-directory: File Names. -* rename-buffer: Misc Buffer. -* rename-file: Misc File Ops. -* repeat-complex-command: Repetition. -* replace-regexp: Unconditional Replace. -* replace-string: Unconditional Replace. -* revert-buffer: Reverting. -* run-lisp: External Lisp. -* save-buffer: Saving. -* save-buffers-kill-emacs: Exiting. -* save-some-buffers: Saving. -* scroll-calendar-left: Scroll Calendar. -* scroll-calendar-left-three-months: Scroll Calendar. -* scroll-calendar-right: Scroll Calendar. -* scroll-calendar-right-three-months: Scroll Calendar. -* scroll-down: Scrolling. -* scroll-left: Horizontal Scrolling. -* scroll-other-window <1>: Other Window. -* scroll-other-window: General Calendar. -* scroll-right: Horizontal Scrolling. -* scroll-up: Scrolling. -* search-backward: Non-Incremental Search. -* search-forward: Non-Incremental Search. -* select-input-method: Select Input Method. -* self-insert: Basic. -* send-shell-input: Shell Mode. -* set-buffer-file-coding-system: Specify Coding. -* set-buffer-process-coding-system: Specify Coding. -* set-comment-column: Comments. -* set-default-file-modes: Interlocking. -* set-face-background: Faces. -* set-face-background-pixmap: Faces. -* set-face-font: Faces. -* set-face-foreground: Faces. -* set-face-underline-p: Faces. -* set-fill-column: Fill Commands. -* set-fill-prefix: Fill Prefix. -* set-gnu-bindings: Emulation. -* set-goal-column: Basic. -* set-gosmacs-bindings: Emulation. -* set-keyboard-coding-system: Specify Coding. -* set-language-environment: Language Environments. -* set-mark-command: Setting Mark. -* set-selective-display: Selective Display. -* set-terminal-coding-system: Specify Coding. -* set-variable: Examining. -* set-visited-file-name: Saving. -* setq-default: Locals. -* shell: Interactive Shell. -* shell-command: Single Shell. -* shell-command-on-region: Single Shell. -* shell-send-eof: Shell Mode. -* show-all: Outline Visibility. -* show-all-diary-entries: Diary Commands. -* show-branches: Outline Visibility. -* show-children: Outline Visibility. -* show-entry: Outline Visibility. -* show-output-from-shell: Shell Mode. -* show-subtree: Outline Visibility. -* simple-diary-display: Fancy Diary Display. -* sort-columns: Sorting. -* sort-diary-entries: Fancy Diary Display. -* sort-fields: Sorting. -* sort-lines: Sorting. -* sort-numeric-fields: Sorting. -* sort-pages: Sorting. -* sort-paragraphs: Sorting. -* spell-buffer: Spelling. -* spell-region: Spelling. -* spell-string: Spelling. -* spell-word: Spelling. -* split-line: Indentation Commands. -* split-window-horizontally: Split Window. -* split-window-vertically: Split Window. -* start-kbd-macro: Basic Kbd Macro. -* stop-shell-subjob: Shell Mode. -* substitute-key-definition: Interactive Rebinding. -* sunrise-sunset: Sunrise/Sunset. -* suspend-emacs: Exiting. -* switch-to-buffer: Select Buffer. -* switch-to-buffer-other-frame <1>: XEmacs under X. -* switch-to-buffer-other-frame: Select Buffer. -* switch-to-buffer-other-window <1>: Select Buffer. -* switch-to-buffer-other-window: Pop Up Window. -* switch-to-other-buffer: Select Buffer. -* tab-to-tab-stop <1>: Tab Stops. -* tab-to-tab-stop: Text Mode. -* tabify: Just Spaces. -* tags-apropos: List Tags. -* tags-loop-continue: Tags Search. -* tags-query-replace: Tags Search. -* tags-search: Tags Search. -* term: Terminal emulator. -* term-line-mode: Term Mode. -* term-pager-toggle: Paging in Term. -* tex-buffer: TeX Print. -* tex-close-latex-block: TeX Editing. -* tex-insert-braces: TeX Editing. -* tex-insert-quote: TeX Editing. -* tex-kill-job: TeX Print. -* TeX-mode: TeX Mode. -* tex-mode: TeX Mode. -* tex-print: TeX Print. -* tex-recenter-output-buffer: TeX Print. -* tex-region: TeX Print. -* tex-show-print-queue: TeX Print. -* tex-terminate-paragraph: TeX Editing. -* text-mode: Text Mode. -* toggle-input-method: Select Input Method. -* toggle-read-only: Misc Buffer. -* top-level <1>: Recursive Edit. -* top-level: Quitting. -* transpose-chars <1>: Basic. -* transpose-chars: Transpose. -* transpose-lines: Transpose. -* transpose-sexps <1>: Lists. -* transpose-sexps: Transpose. -* transpose-words <1>: Transpose. -* transpose-words: Words. -* undo: Undo. -* unexpand-abbrev: Expanding Abbrevs. -* universal-argument: Arguments. -* universal-coding-system-argument: Specify Coding. -* untabify: Just Spaces. -* up-list: TeX Editing. -* upcase-region: Case. -* upcase-word <1>: Fixing Case. -* upcase-word: Case. -* validate-tex-buffer: TeX Editing. -* vc-cancel-version: Editing with VC. -* vc-create-snapshot: Making Snapshots. -* vc-diff: Old Versions. -* vc-directory: VC Status. -* vc-insert-headers: Version Headers. -* vc-next-action: Editing with VC. -* vc-print-log: VC Status. -* vc-register: Editing with VC. -* vc-rename-file: Renaming and VC. -* vc-retrieve-snapshot: Making Snapshots. -* vc-revert-buffer: Editing with VC. -* vc-update-change-log: Change Logs and VC. -* vc-version-other-window: Old Versions. -* view-buffer: Misc Buffer. -* view-diary-entries: Diary Commands. -* view-emacs-news: Help. -* view-file: Misc File Ops. -* view-hello-file: Mule Intro. -* view-lossage: Help. -* view-register: Registers. -* visit-tags-table: Select Tags Table. -* what-cursor-position: Position Info. -* what-line: Position Info. -* what-page: Position Info. -* where-is: Help. -* widen: Narrowing. -* widget-backward: Changing an Option. -* widget-complete: Changing an Option. -* widget-forward: Changing an Option. -* window-configuration-to-register: Split Window. -* word-search-backward: Word Search. -* word-search-forward: Word Search. -* write-abbrev-file: Saving Abbrevs. -* write-file: Saving. -* x-copy-primary-selection: X Selection Commands. -* x-create-frame: X Resources. -* x-delete-primary-selection: X Selection Commands. -* x-insert-selection: X Selection Commands. -* x-kill-primary-selection: X Selection Commands. -* x-mouse-kill: X Selection Commands. -* x-own-secondary-selection: X Selection Commands. -* x-own-selection: X Selection Commands. -* x-set-point-and-insert-selection: X Selection Commands. -* Yank: Kill Ring. -* yank-pop: Earlier Kills. -* yank-rectangle: Rectangles. -* yow: Amusements. -* zap-to-char: Killing. -* zmacs-activate-region: Active Regions. -* zmacs-deactivate-region: Active Regions. +* ! (query-replace): Query Replace. +* " (TeX mode): TeX Editing. +* , (query-replace): Query Replace. +* . (Calendar mode): Specified Dates. +* . (query-replace): Query Replace. +* ? (Calendar mode): General Calendar. +* ^ (query-replace): Query Replace. +* a (Calendar mode): Holidays. +* BS: Inserting Text. +* button1: Intro to Keystrokes. +* button1up: Intro to Keystrokes. +* button2: Intro to Keystrokes. +* button2up: Intro to Keystrokes. +* button3: Intro to Keystrokes. +* button3up: Intro to Keystrokes. +* C-<: Setting Mark. +* C->: Setting Mark. +* C-@ (Calendar mode): Mark and Region. +* C-\: Select Input Method. +* C-] <1>: Quitting. +* C-]: Recursive Edit. +* C-_: Undo. +* C-a: Moving Point. +* C-a (Calendar mode): Move to Beginning or End. +* C-b: Moving Point. +* C-b (Calendar mode): Calendar Unit Motion. +* C-c: Key Sequences. +* C-c ' (Picture mode): Insert in Picture. +* C-c . (Picture mode): Insert in Picture. +* C-c / (Picture mode): Insert in Picture. +* C-c ; (Fortran mode): Fortran Comments. +* C-c < (Picture mode): Insert in Picture. +* C-c > (Picture mode): Insert in Picture. +* C-c \ (Picture mode): Insert in Picture. +* C-c ^ (Picture mode): Insert in Picture. +* C-c ` (Picture mode): Insert in Picture. +* C-c C-\ (Shell mode): Shell Mode. +* C-c C-b (Outline mode): Outline Motion. +* C-c C-b (Picture mode): Insert in Picture. +* C-c C-b (TeX mode): TeX Print. +* C-c C-c (Edit Abbrevs): Editing Abbrevs. +* C-c C-c (Edit Tab Stops): Tab Stops. +* C-c C-c (Mail mode): Mail Mode. +* C-c C-c (Occur mode): Other Repeating Search. +* C-c C-c (Shell mode): Shell Mode. +* C-c C-d (Picture mode): Basic Picture. +* C-c C-d (Shell mode): Shell Mode. +* C-c C-f (LaTeX mode): TeX Editing. +* C-c C-f (Outline mode): Outline Motion. +* C-c C-f (Picture mode): Insert in Picture. +* C-c C-f C-c (Mail mode): Mail Mode. +* C-c C-f C-s (Mail mode): Mail Mode. +* C-c C-f C-t (Mail mode): Mail Mode. +* C-c C-h (Outline mode): Outline Visibility. +* C-c C-i (Outline mode): Outline Visibility. +* C-c C-j (Term mode): Term Mode. +* C-c C-k (Picture mode): Rectangles in Picture. +* C-c C-k (Term mode): Term Mode. +* C-c C-k (TeX mode): TeX Print. +* C-c C-l (Calendar mode): General Calendar. +* C-c C-l (TeX mode): TeX Print. +* C-c C-n (Fortran mode): Fortran Motion. +* C-c C-n (Outline mode): Outline Motion. +* C-c C-o (Shell mode): Shell Mode. +* C-c C-p (Fortran mode): Fortran Motion. +* C-c C-p (Outline mode): Outline Motion. +* C-c C-p (TeX mode): TeX Print. +* C-c C-q (Mail mode): Mail Mode. +* C-c C-q (Term mode): Paging in Term. +* C-c C-q (TeX mode): TeX Print. +* C-c C-r (Fortran mode): Fortran Columns. +* C-c C-r (Shell mode): Shell Mode. +* C-c C-r (TeX mode): TeX Print. +* C-c C-s (Mail mode): Mail Mode. +* C-c C-s (Outline mode): Outline Visibility. +* C-c C-u (Outline mode): Outline Motion. +* C-c C-u (Shell mode): Shell Mode. +* C-c C-w (Fortran mode): Fortran Columns. +* C-c C-w (Mail mode): Mail Mode. +* C-c C-w (Picture mode): Rectangles in Picture. +* C-c C-w (Shell mode): Shell Mode. +* C-c C-x (Picture mode): Rectangles in Picture. +* C-c C-y (Mail mode): Mail Mode. +* C-c C-y (Picture mode): Rectangles in Picture. +* C-c C-y (Shell mode): Shell Mode. +* C-c C-z (Shell mode): Shell Mode. +* C-c TAB (Picture mode): Tabs in Picture. +* C-c { (TeX mode): TeX Editing. +* C-c } (TeX mode): TeX Editing. +* C-d: Killing. +* C-d (Shell mode): Shell Mode. +* C-e: Moving Point. +* C-e (Calendar mode): Move to Beginning or End. +* C-END: Moving Point. +* C-f: Moving Point. +* C-f (Calendar mode): Calendar Unit Motion. +* C-g <1>: Quitting. +* C-g: Minibuffer. +* C-g (isearch-mode): Incremental Search. +* C-h <1>: Help. +* C-h: Key Sequences. +* C-h A: Apropos. +* C-h b: Misc Help. +* C-h C: Coding Systems. +* C-h c: Key Help. +* C-h C-\: Select Input Method. +* C-h C-c: Misc Help. +* C-h C-d: Misc Help. +* C-h C-f: Misc Help. +* C-h C-h: Help. +* C-h C-k: Misc Help. +* C-h C-w: Misc Help. +* C-h f: Documentation. +* C-h F: Misc Help. +* C-h f: Name Help. +* C-h h: Mule Intro. +* C-h I: Select Input Method. +* C-h i: Misc Help. +* C-h k: Key Help. +* C-h L: Language Environments. +* C-h l: Misc Help. +* C-h m: Misc Help. +* C-h n: Misc Help. +* C-h p: Library Keywords. +* C-h s: Syntax Change. +* C-h t <1>: Misc Help. +* C-h t: Basic. +* C-h v <1>: Examining. +* C-h v <2>: Documentation. +* C-h v: Name Help. +* C-h w: Name Help. +* C-HOME: Moving Point. +* C-k: Killing. +* C-l <1>: Scrolling. +* C-l: Moving Point. +* C-l (query-replace): Query Replace. +* C-LEFT: Moving Point. +* C-M-@ <1>: Lists. +* C-M-@: Marking Objects. +* C-M-\ <1>: Multi-line Indent. +* C-M-\: Indentation Commands. +* C-M-a: Defuns. +* C-M-a (Fortran mode): Fortran Motion. +* C-M-b: Lists. +* C-M-c: Recursive Edit. +* C-M-d: Lists. +* C-M-e: Defuns. +* C-M-e (Fortran mode): Fortran Motion. +* C-M-f: Lists. +* C-M-h <1>: Defuns. +* C-M-h: Marking Objects. +* C-M-h (Fortran mode): Fortran Motion. +* C-M-k <1>: Lists. +* C-M-k: Killing. +* C-M-n: Lists. +* C-M-o: Indentation Commands. +* C-M-p: Lists. +* C-M-q: Multi-line Indent. +* C-M-q (Fortran mode): ForIndent Commands. +* C-M-t <1>: Lists. +* C-M-t: Transpose. +* C-M-u: Lists. +* C-M-v <1>: Other Window. +* C-M-v: Minibuffer Edit. +* C-M-w: Appending Kills. +* C-M-x <1>: External Lisp. +* C-M-x: Lisp Eval. +* C-n: Moving Point. +* C-n (Calendar mode): Calendar Unit Motion. +* C-o: Blank Lines. +* C-p: Moving Point. +* C-p (Calendar mode): Calendar Unit Motion. +* C-q: Inserting Text. +* C-q (isearch-mode): Incremental Search. +* C-r: Incremental Search. +* C-r (isearch-mode): Incremental Search. +* C-r (query-replace): Query Replace. +* C-RIGHT: Moving Point. +* C-s: Incremental Search. +* C-s (isearch-mode): Incremental Search. +* C-SPC: Setting Mark. +* C-SPC (Calendar mode): Mark and Region. +* C-t <1>: Transpose. +* C-t: Moving Point. +* C-u: Arguments. +* C-u - C-x ;: Comments. +* C-u C-@: Mark Ring. +* C-u C-SPC: Mark Ring. +* C-u C-x v v: Editing with VC. +* C-u TAB: Multi-line Indent. +* C-v <1>: Scrolling. +* C-v: Moving Point. +* C-v (Calendar mode): Scroll Calendar. +* C-w: Killing. +* C-w (isearch-mode): Incremental Search. +* C-w (query-replace): Query Replace. +* C-x: Key Sequences. +* C-x $: Selective Display. +* C-x (: Basic Kbd Macro. +* C-x ): Basic Kbd Macro. +* C-x .: Fill Prefix. +* C-x 0: Change Window. +* C-x 1: Change Window. +* C-x 2: Split Window. +* C-x 3: Split Window. +* C-x 4: Pop Up Window. +* C-x 4 .: Find Tag. +* C-x 4 b: Select Buffer. +* C-x 4 d: Dired Enter. +* C-x 4 f: Visiting. +* C-x 4 m: Sending Mail. +* C-x 5 b: Select Buffer. +* C-x 5 C-f: Visiting. +* C-x ;: Comments. +* C-x <: Horizontal Scrolling. +* C-x < (Calendar mode): Scroll Calendar. +* C-x =: Position Info. +* C-x >: Horizontal Scrolling. +* C-x > (Calendar mode): Scroll Calendar. +* C-x [: Pages. +* C-x [ (Calendar mode): Calendar Unit Motion. +* C-x ]: Pages. +* C-x ] (Calendar mode): Calendar Unit Motion. +* C-x ^: Change Window. +* C-x `: Compilation. +* C-x a g: Defining Abbrevs. +* C-x a i g: Defining Abbrevs. +* C-x a i l: Defining Abbrevs. +* C-x a l: Defining Abbrevs. +* C-x b: Select Buffer. +* C-x C-b: List Buffers. +* C-x C-c: Exiting. +* C-x C-d: ListDir. +* C-x C-e: Lisp Eval. +* C-x C-l: Case. +* C-x C-o <1>: Killing. +* C-x C-o: Blank Lines. +* C-x C-p <1>: Pages. +* C-x C-p: Marking Objects. +* C-x C-q: Misc Buffer. +* C-x C-q (version control): Editing with VC. +* C-x C-s: Saving. +* C-x C-t: Transpose. +* C-x C-u: Case. +* C-x C-v: Visiting. +* C-x C-w: Saving. +* C-x C-x: Setting Mark. +* C-x C-x (Calendar mode): Mark and Region. +* C-x d: Dired Enter. +* C-x DEL <1>: Sentences. +* C-x DEL <2>: Kill Errors. +* C-x DEL: Killing. +* C-x e: Basic Kbd Macro. +* C-x ESC ESC: Repetition. +* C-x f: Fill Commands. +* C-x h: Marking Objects. +* C-x k: Kill Buffer. +* C-x l: Pages. +* C-x m: Sending Mail. +* C-x n n: Narrowing. +* C-x n w: Narrowing. +* C-x o: Other Window. +* C-x q: Kbd Macro Query. +* C-x r +: RegNumbers. +* C-x r b: Bookmarks. +* C-x r g: RegText. +* C-x r i: RegText. +* C-x r j: RegPos. +* C-x r l: Bookmarks. +* C-x r m: Bookmarks. +* C-x r n: RegNumbers. +* C-x r r: RegRect. +* C-x r s: RegText. +* C-x r SPC: RegPos. +* C-x r w: RegConfig. +* C-x RET: Mule Intro. +* C-x RET c: Specify Coding. +* C-x RET C-\: Select Input Method. +* C-x RET f: Specify Coding. +* C-x RET k: Specify Coding. +* C-x RET p: Specify Coding. +* C-x RET t: Specify Coding. +* C-x s: Saving. +* C-x TAB: Indentation Commands. +* C-x u: Undo. +* C-x v =: Old Versions. +* C-x v a: Change Logs and VC. +* C-x v c: Editing with VC. +* C-x v d: VC Status. +* C-x v h: Version Headers. +* C-x v i: Editing with VC. +* C-x v l: VC Status. +* C-x v r: Making Snapshots. +* C-x v s: Making Snapshots. +* C-x v u: Editing with VC. +* C-x v ~: Old Versions. +* C-x }: Change Window. +* C-y: Kill Ring. +* C-y (isearch-mode): Incremental Search. +* C-z: Exiting. +* control key: Intro to Keystrokes. +* d (Calendar mode): Diary Commands. +* DEL <1>: Program Modes. +* DEL <2>: Major Modes. +* DEL <3>: Kill Errors. +* DEL: Killing. +* DEL (isearch-mode): Incremental Search. +* DEL (query-replace): Query Replace. +* DOWN: Moving Point. +* END: Moving Point. +* ESC <1>: Meta Key. +* ESC: Key Sequences. +* ESC (query-replace): Query Replace. +* F1: Help. +* g CHAR (Calendar mode): From Other Calendar. +* g d (Calendar mode): Specified Dates. +* g m l (Calendar mode): Mayan Calendar. +* h (Calendar mode): Holidays. +* Help: Help. +* HOME: Moving Point. +* hyper key <1>: Super and Hyper Keys. +* hyper key <2>: Representing Keystrokes. +* hyper key: Intro to Keystrokes. +* i a (Calendar mode): Special Diary Entries. +* i b (Calendar mode): Special Diary Entries. +* i c (Calendar mode): Special Diary Entries. +* i d (Calendar mode): Adding to Diary. +* i m (Calendar mode): Adding to Diary. +* i w (Calendar mode): Adding to Diary. +* i y (Calendar mode): Adding to Diary. +* LEFT: Moving Point. +* LFD <1>: Basic Indent. +* LFD <2>: Major Modes. +* LFD: String Key Sequences. +* LFD (TeX mode): TeX Editing. +* m (Calendar mode): Diary Commands. +* M (Calendar mode): Lunar Phases. +* M-!: Single Shell. +* M-$: Spelling. +* M-%: Query Replace. +* M-': Expanding Abbrevs. +* M-(: Balanced Editing. +* M-): Balanced Editing. +* M-,: Tags Search. +* M--: Arguments. +* M-- M-c: Fixing Case. +* M-- M-l: Fixing Case. +* M-- M-u: Fixing Case. +* M-.: Find Tag. +* M-/: Dynamic Abbrevs. +* M-1: Arguments. +* M-;: Comments. +* M-<: Moving Point. +* M-< (Calendar mode): Move to Beginning or End. +* M-=: Position Info. +* M-= (Calendar mode): Mark and Region. +* M->: Moving Point. +* M-> (Calendar mode): Move to Beginning or End. +* M-?: Nroff Mode. +* M-@ <1>: Words. +* M-@: Marking Objects. +* M-[: Paragraphs. +* M-\ <1>: Indentation Commands. +* M-\: Killing. +* M-]: Paragraphs. +* M-^ <1>: Indentation Commands. +* M-^: Killing. +* M-a: Sentences. +* M-a (Calendar mode): Move to Beginning or End. +* M-b: Words. +* M-c: Case. +* M-C-r: Regexp Search. +* M-C-s: Regexp Search. +* M-d <1>: Words. +* M-d: Killing. +* M-DEL <1>: Words. +* M-DEL <2>: Kill Errors. +* M-DEL: Killing. +* M-e: Sentences. +* M-e (Calendar mode): Move to Beginning or End. +* M-ESC: Lisp Eval. +* M-f: Words. +* M-g: Fill Commands. +* M-h <1>: Paragraphs. +* M-h: Marking Objects. +* M-i: Tab Stops. +* M-k <1>: Sentences. +* M-k: Killing. +* M-l: Case. +* M-LFD: Comments. +* M-LFD (Fortran mode): ForIndent Commands. +* M-m: Indentation Commands. +* M-n <1>: Nroff Mode. +* M-n: Repetition. +* M-n (isearch-mode): Incremental Search. +* M-n (minibuffer history): Minibuffer History. +* M-n (Shell mode): Shell Mode. +* M-p <1>: Nroff Mode. +* M-p: Repetition. +* M-p (isearch-mode): Incremental Search. +* M-p (minibuffer history): Minibuffer History. +* M-p (Shell mode): Shell Mode. +* M-q: Fill Commands. +* M-r: Moving Point. +* M-r (minibuffer history): Minibuffer History. +* M-s: Fill Commands. +* M-s (minibuffer history): Minibuffer History. +* M-SPC: Killing. +* M-t <1>: Words. +* M-t: Transpose. +* M-TAB <1>: Tabs in Picture. +* M-TAB: Lisp Completion. +* M-TAB (customization buffer): Changing an Option. +* M-TAB (isearch-mode): Incremental Search. +* M-u: Case. +* M-v <1>: Scrolling. +* M-v: Moving Point. +* M-v (Calendar mode): Scroll Calendar. +* M-w: Kill Ring. +* M-x: M-x. +* M-y: Earlier Kills. +* M-z: Killing. +* M-{ (Calendar mode): Calendar Unit Motion. +* M-|: Single Shell. +* M-} (Calendar mode): Calendar Unit Motion. +* M-~: Saving. +* META: Meta Key. +* meta key: Intro to Keystrokes. +* next: Scrolling. +* o (Calendar mode): Specified Dates. +* p (Calendar mode): To Other Calendar. +* p d (Calendar mode): General Calendar. +* pgdn: Scrolling. +* PGDN: Moving Point. +* pgup: Scrolling. +* PGUP: Moving Point. +* prior: Scrolling. +* q (Calendar mode): General Calendar. +* RET: Inserting Text. +* RET (isearch-mode): Incremental Search. +* RET (Shell mode): Shell Mode. +* RIGHT: Moving Point. +* s (Calendar mode): Diary Commands. +* S (Calendar mode): Sunrise/Sunset. +* S-TAB (customization buffer): Changing an Option. +* shift key: Intro to Keystrokes. +* SPC: Completion Commands. +* SPC (Calendar mode): General Calendar. +* SPC (query-replace): Query Replace. +* super key <1>: Super and Hyper Keys. +* super key <2>: Representing Keystrokes. +* super key: Intro to Keystrokes. +* t (Calendar mode): LaTeX Calendar. +* TAB <1>: Basic Indent. +* TAB <2>: Text Mode. +* TAB <3>: Indentation. +* TAB <4>: Major Modes. +* TAB <5>: Completion Example. +* TAB: String Key Sequences. +* TAB (customization buffer): Changing an Option. +* TAB (Shell mode): Shell Mode. +* u (Calendar mode) <1>: Diary Commands. +* u (Calendar mode): Holidays. +* UP: Moving Point. +* x (Calendar mode): Holidays.