X-Git-Url: http://git.chise.org/gitweb/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=man%2Fnew-users-guide%2Fedit.texi;fp=man%2Fnew-users-guide%2Fedit.texi;h=536d32ffaba8922e5f7c93d826ffb685e6e200ff;hb=6883ee56ec887c2c48abe5b06b5e66aa74031910;hp=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000;hpb=5db996688c255b7f4bbe096f935b10d4c4ab7ade;p=chise%2Fxemacs-chise.git- diff --git a/man/new-users-guide/edit.texi b/man/new-users-guide/edit.texi new file mode 100644 index 0000000..536d32f --- /dev/null +++ b/man/new-users-guide/edit.texi @@ -0,0 +1,301 @@ +@comment node-name, next, previous, up +@node Edit, Customization Basics, Windows and Menus, Top +@chapter Basic Editing Commands + +@kindex C-h t +@findex help-with-tutorial + This chapter will introduce you to some basic editing commands. You +can also learn the basic editing commands by typing @kbd{Control-h t} +(@code{help-with-tutorial} OR by selecting @b{Emacs Tutorial} from the +@b{Help} menu on the menu bar. Most of the Emacs commands will use the +@key{CONTROL} key or the @key{META} key. The following abbreviations +will be used for the @key{CONTROL} and @key{META} key in this manual: + +@table @kbd +@item C- +This means that you should hold down the @key{CONTROL} key while typing +@kbd{}. For example, if the command is @kbd{C-g}, you should hold +the @key{CONTROL} key and type @key{g}. +@item M- +This means that you should hold down the @kbd{META} key while typing +@kbd{}. If there is no @kbd{META} key on your keyboard, use the +@kbd{ESC} key instead. For example, if the command is @kbd{M-x}, then +type @kbd{ESC}, release it and type @kbd{x}. +@end table + + The following abbreviations will be used for some other keys: + +@table @key +@item SPC +Space bar. +@item RET +Return key. +@item LFD +Linefeed key. +@item TAB +Tab. +@item ESC +Escape. +@item SFT +Shift. +@end table + +@comment node-name, next, previous, up +@menu +* Insert:: Insert text in Emacs by simply typing at + the cursor position. +* Cursor Position:: Moving Around the cursor in the buffer, +* Erase:: Different commands for erasing text +* Numeric Argument:: Giving Numeric Arguments to commands +* Undo:: Undoing Changes made by mistake +@end menu + +@node Insert, Cursor Position, Edit, Edit +@section Inserting Text + +@cindex insertion +@cindex overstrike + To insert printing characters into the text you are editing, just +type them. Emacs will automatically insert the characters that you type +into the buffer at the cursor. The cursor moves forward, but if you +prefer to have text characters replace (overwrite) existing text +characters, you can enable the @b{Overstrike} option from the +@b{Options} menu in the menu bar. + +@kindex DEL +@cindex deletion + To @dfn{delete} text you have just inserted, use @key{DEL}. +@key{DEL} deletes the character @var{before} the cursor (not the one +that the cursor is on top of or under; that is the character @var{after} +the cursor). The cursor and all characters after it move backwards. +Therefore, if you type a printing character and then type @key{DEL}, +they cancel out. + +@kindex RET +@cindex newline +@findex auto-fill-mode + To end a line and start typing a new one, type @key{RET}. This +inserts a newline character in the buffer. If point is in the middle of +a line, @key{RET} splits the line. Typing @key{DEL} when the cursor is +at the beginning of a line rubs out the newline before the line, thus +joining the line with the preceding line. + + Emacs automatically splits lines when they become too long, if you +turn on a special mode called @dfn{Auto Fill} mode. +@xref{Filling,,,xemacs,XEmacs User's Manual}, for information on using Auto Fill +mode. + + +@comment node-name, next, previous, up +@node Cursor Position, Erase, Insert, Edit +@section Moving Around +@cindex cursor control +@cindex cursor position + + The following commands will allow you to move the cursor around the +screen. The actual function names corresponding to these commands are +given in parenthesis. You can also invoke these commands by typing +@kbd{M-x }. You can do this for any command in XEmacs. + +@kindex C-a +@kindex C-e +@kindex C-fx +@kindex C-b +@kindex C-n +@kindex C-p +@kindex C-v +@kindex M-v +@kindex C-t +@kindex M-> +@kindex M-< +@findex beginning-of-line +@findex end-of-line +@findex forward-char +@findex backward-char +@findex next-line +@findex previous-line +@findex transpose-chars +@findex beginning-of-buffer +@findex end-of-buffer +@findex goto-char +@findex goto-line +@table @kbd +@item C-b +Move the cursor backward one character (@code{backward-char}). +@item C-f +Move the cursor forward one character (@code{forward-char}). +@item C-p +Move the cursor up one line vertically (@code{previous-line}). +@item C-n +Move the cursor down one line vertically (@code{next-line}). +@item C-a +Move the cursor to the beginning of the line (@code{beginning-of-line}). +@item C-e +Move the cursor to the end of the line (@code{end-of-line}). +@item M-f +@findex forward-word +Move the cursor forward one word (@code{forward-word}). +@item M-b +@findex backward-word +Move the cursor backword one word (@code{backward-word}). +@item M-< +Move the cursor to the top of the buffer (@code{beginning-of-buffer}). +@item M-> +Move the cursor to the end of the buffer (@code{end-of-buffer}). +@item M-x goto-char RET RET +To enable this command type @kbd{M-x goto-char}, and hit @key{RETURN} +key. In the @dfn{echo area} you will see: + +@example +Goto char: +@end example + +@noindent +You should then type in a number right after the colon +and hit the @kbd{RETURN} key again. After reading a number @var{n} this +command will move the cursor to character number @var{n}. +Position 1 is the beginning of the buffer. For example, if you type +@kbd{M-x goto-char RET 200 RET}, then the cursor will move to the 200th +character starting from the beginning of the buffer. + +@item M-x goto-line RET RET +@cindex goto-line +To enable this command type @kbd{M-x goto-line}, and hit the +@key{RETURN} key. After you see @kbd{Goto line:} in the @dfn{echo area}, +type in a number @var{n} and hit @key{RETURN} key again. This command will +position the cursor on the nth line starting from the beginning of the +buffer. +@item M-x what-line RET +This command will display the current line number in the echo area. + +@end table + + +@comment node-name, next, previous, up +@node Erase, Numeric Argument, Cursor Position, Edit +@section Erasing Text + +@cindex erasing +@cindex deleting +@kindex C-d +@kindex C-k +@kindex M-d +@kindex M-DEL +@kindex M-k +@kindex M-z +@findex delete-backward-char +@findex delete-char +@findex kill-line +@findex kill-word +@findex backward-kill-word +@findex kill-sentence +@findex zap-to-char + +@table @kbd +@item @key{DEL} +If you press @key{DEL} i.e. the @dfn{delete} key, it will delete the +character before the cursor (@code{delete-backward-char}). +@item C-d +This will delete the character after the cursor (@code{delete-char}). +@item C-k +Kill to the end of the line (@code{kill-line}). If you kill the line by +mistake you can @dfn{yank} or @samp{paste} it back by typing +@kbd{C-y}. @xref{Moving Text}, for more information on yanking. +@item M-d +Kill forward to the end of the next word (@code{kill-word}). +@item M-@key{DEL} +Kill back to the beginning of the previous word +(@code{backward-kill-word}). +@item M-k +Kill to the end of current sentence (@code{kill-sentence}). +@item M-z @var{char} +Kill up to next occurrence of @var{char} (@code{zap-to-char}). To use +this command type @kbd{M-z}. You will see the following statement in the +echo area : + +@example +Zap to char: +@end example + +Type any char and press the @key{RET} key. For example, if you type +@samp{p} then the entire text starting from the position of the cursor +until the first occurrence of @samp{p} is killed. +@end table + + +@comment node-name, next, previous, up +@node Numeric Argument, Undo, Erase, Edit +@section Giving Numeric Arguments +@cindex numeric argument +@cindex digit argument +@cindex negative argument +@kindex C-u +@kindex M-@t{-} + + Any Emacs command can be given a @dfn{numeric argument}. Some commands +interpret the argument as a repetition count. For example, if you want +to move forward ten characters, you could type @kbd{C-f} ten +times. However, a more efficient way to do this would be to give an +argument of ten to the key @kbd{C-f} (the command @code{forward-char}, move +forward one character). Negative arguments are also allowed. Often they tell +a command to move or act backwards. For example, if you want to move +down ten lines, type the following: +@example +C-u 10 C-n RET +@end example +@noindent +After you press @key{RET} key, the cursor will move ten lines +downward. You can also type: +@example +M-10 C-n RET +@end example +@noindent +Both @kbd{C-u} and @kbd{M-} allow you to give numeric arguments. If you +want to move ten lines backward, you can also give negative arguments, like: +@example +C-u -10 C-n RET +@end example +@noindent +OR you could also type: +@example +M--10 C-n RET +@end example +@noindent +You can obviously use @kbd{C-b} to move backward rather than giving +negative arguments to @kbd{C-n}. @xref{Numeric Arguments,,,xemacs,XEmacs +User's Manual}, for more information on numeric arguments. + +@comment node-name, next, previous, up +@node Undo, , Numeric Argument, Edit +@section Undoing Changes +@cindex undo +@cindex mistakes, correcting + + When you are editing a buffer, you might type something by +mistake. Emacs allows you to undo all changes you make to a buffer (but +not more than 8000 characters). Each buffer in Emacs keeps a record of +the changes made to it individually, so the undo command applies to the +current buffer. There are two undo commands: + +@table @kbd +@kindex C-x u +@item C-x u +Undo one batch of changes (usually, one command's worth). +(@code{undo}). +@item C-_ +The same as above, but this command might not be obvious to type on some +keyboards so it might be better to use the above command. +@end table + + @xref{Undoing Changes,,,xemacs,XEmacs User's Manual}, for more information on +undoing changes. + + + + + + + + + +