X-Git-Url: http://git.chise.org/gitweb/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=man%2Fnew-users-guide%2Fxmenu.texi;fp=man%2Fnew-users-guide%2Fxmenu.texi;h=c2fa3abe306fbb675b3bebb9fc5bcfe870960b2d;hb=9a9fedfd2473568f4827f6295de7b03259b160e5;hp=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000;hpb=97badae7fa41c4bd3e92511ff7b16389e646e022;p=chise%2Fxemacs-chise.git- diff --git a/man/new-users-guide/xmenu.texi b/man/new-users-guide/xmenu.texi new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c2fa3ab --- /dev/null +++ b/man/new-users-guide/xmenu.texi @@ -0,0 +1,472 @@ +@comment node-name, next, previous, up +@node Windows and Menus, Edit, Entering, Top +@chapter XEmacs Windows and Menus +@cindex selected window +@cindex windows +@findex delete-window +@findex delete-other-windows +@findex scroll-other-window + + The first section of this chapter will show you how you can manipulate +XEmacs Windows and the other section will explain the Pull-down Menus of +an XEmacs window. + +@comment node-name, next, previous, up +@menu +* XEmacs Window:: Manipulating XEmacs Windows +* Pull-down Menus:: Description of XEmacs Pull-down Menus +@end menu + +@node XEmacs Window, Pull-down Menus, Windows and Menus, Windows and Menus +@section XEmacs Windows + When you use XEmacs under X, you can open multiple windows and each +window can display one buffer or multiple parts of one buffer. Each window +will have its own @dfn{mode line} and @dfn{echo area}. At any one time +there is only one @dfn{selected window} and the buffer it displays is +the @dfn{selected buffer}. There are some commands for manipulating +windows: + +@kindex C-x 0 +@kindex C-x 1 +@kindex C-x 2 +@kindex C-x 3 +@kindex C-x 4 +@kindex M-C-v +@table @kbd +@item M-C-v +@findex scroll-other-window +This command will scroll the window which is not @dfn{selected} +(@code{scroll-other-window}). + +@findex delete-window +@item C-x 0 +This command will get rid of the selected window (@code{delete-window}). +That is a zero. If there is more than one Emacs frame, deleting the +sole remaining window on that frame deletes the frame as well. If the +current frame is the only frame, it is not deleted. + +@findex delete-other-windows +@item C-x 1 +This command will get rid of all the windows except the selected one. +(@code{delete-other-windows}). For example, if you use the @b{Describe +variable} option from the @b{Help} menu, the window will split +vertically and the bottom window will contain documentation for that +variable. After you are done looking at that variable's documentation +you might want to come back to your original single window. Just type +@kbd{C-x 1} after your cursor is in the top window (the window which you +want to keep) and hit @key{RET}. + +@findex split-window-vertically +@item C-x 2 +This command will split the selected window into two windows, one above +the other (@code{split-window-vertically}). Both the windows will start +out by displaying the same buffer. The window in which you have your +cursor will be your @dfn{selected window}. + +@findex split-window-horizontally +@item C-x 3 +This will split the selected window into two windows positioned side by +side (@code{split-window-horizontally}). A line of vertical bars will +separate the window. +@end table +@noindent + +You can select a buffer in another window by using some other +commands. These commands all have a prefix key @kbd{C-x 4} +@table @kbd +@kindex C-x 4 b +@kindex C-x 4 f +@kindex C-x 4 d +@kindex C-x 4 m +@findex switch-to-buffer-other-window +@findex find-file-other-window +@findex dired-other-window +@findex mail-other-window +@item C-x 4 b @var{bufname} @key{RET} +This command will select a buffer @var{bufname} in another window. This +runs @code{switch-to-buffer-other-window}. It will prompt you for a +buffername. + +@item C-x 4 f @var{filename} @key{RET} +Visit file @var{filename} and select its buffer in another window. This +runs @code{find-file-other-window}. @xref{Visiting,,,xemacs,XEmacs User's +Manual}. It will prompt you for a filename. + +@item C-x 4 d @var{directory} @key{RET} +Select a Dired buffer for directory @var{directory} in another window. +This runs @code{dired-other-window}. @xref{Dired,,,xemacs,XEmacs User's +Manual}. + +@item C-x 4 m +Start composing a mail message in another window. This runs +@code{mail-other-window}, and its same-window version is @kbd{C-x m}. +@xref{Sending Mail,,,xemacs,XEmacs User's Manual}, for information on how +to @b{S}end @b{M}ail using XEmacs. @xref{Reading Mail With +Rmail,,,xemacs,XEmacs User's Manual}, for information on reading mail using +@b{Rmail}. +@end table + + + If you click the right button on the mouse on a mode line, you will +get a menu with following options: +@cindex windows +@cindex pull-down-menus +@cindex menus +@table @b +@item Delete Window +Choosing this menu will remove the window above this modeline from the frame. +@item Delete Other Windows +Delete all windows on the frame except for the one above this modeline. +@item Split Window +Split the window above the mode line in half, creating another window. +@item Split Window Horizontally +Split the window above the mode line in half horizontally, so that there +will be two windows side-by-side. +@item Balance Windows +Readjust the sizes of all windows on the frame until all windows have +roughly the same number of lines. +@end table + + +@comment node-name, next, previous, up +@node Pull-down Menus, , XEmacs Window, Windows and Menus +@section XEmacs Pull-down Menus + +When you run XEmacs under X, each Emacs frame has a menu-bar at the top +which provides commands for editing, help and other +options. All these options are also available via key commands, the +menus just provide convenient short-cuts. The key commands are displayed +right besides some of the options. The following is a brief +description of the four default menus on the menu bar: + +@menu +* File menu:: Items on the File menu +* Edit menu:: Items on the Edit menu +* Options Menu:: Items on the Options Menu +* Buffers Menu:: Items on the Buffers Menu +* Help menu:: The Help Menu at the extreme right on + the frame +@end menu + +@node File menu, Edit menu, Pull-down Menus, Pull-down Menus +@subsection The File Menu +@cindex File menu +@cindex Open in New Frame... menu item +@cindex Open ... menu item +@cindex Insert File... menu item +@cindex Save Buffer menu item +@cindex Save Buffer As ... menu item +@cindex Revert Buffer menu item +@cindex Kill Buffer menu item +@cindex Print Buffer menu item +@cindex New Frame menu item +@cindex Delete Frame menu item +@cindex Split Frame +@cindex Un-split (Keep This) +@cindex Un-split (Keep Others) +@cindex Exit Emacs menu item + +The @b{File} menu bar contains the following items. To choose a +particular option, press the left mouse button and drag it to the item +you wish to select. Then release the button. + +@table @b +@item Open... +This option will prompt you for a file name. You will get a message in +the echo area: + +@example +Find File: +@end example +@noindent +After Find File, there might be a directory path also. After you type +the file name and press @key{RET} the file will be loaded into a new +buffer. + +@item Open in New Frame... +It prompts you for a file name and loads that file in a new buffer in +a new frame. You can open many frames for the same Emacs session. You +can delete the frame by selecting @b{Delete Frame}. + +@item Insert File... +Prompts you for a filename and inserts the contents of this filename in +your current buffer. Position your cursor at the place you wish to +insert the file and select this option. You will get the following +message in the echo area: + +@example +Insert file: +@end example +@noindent +Insert the file name and press @key{RET}. + +@item Save +It saves the changes you have made to the buffer. If you have made +changes which are not saved yet, the option will appear dark, otherwise +it will be light and unselectable. If you do not wish to save the +changes, select @b{Revert Buffer}. + +@item Save As... +Prompts you for a filename and saves the current buffer in that file. It +loads the new file if the filename you specify is different from the one +you were working with. + +@item Print Buffer +Prints a hardcopy of the current or @dfn{selected} buffer. + +@item New Frame +Opens a new frame with @b{*scratch*} as the default buffer. It doesn't +prompt you for a filename. To open a file you need to go to that frame +and select @b{Open...} + +@item Split Frame +Splits the current window into two equal-sized windows with the same +buffer. To get back a single frame, select @b{Un-Split (Keep +This)}. @xref{XEmacs Window}, for more information about windows. + +@item Un-Split (Keep This) +If the frame contains multiple windows, it will remove all windows +except the selected one. + +@item Un-Split (Keep Others) +If the frame contains multiple windows, it will remove the selected +window and keep the other one. + +@item Revert Buffer +If you do not wish to save the changes you made to the file since you +opened it, select this option. It will restore the last saved version of +the file to the current buffer. + +@item Kill Buffer +It will kill the current buffer. If will prompt you if there are unsaved +changes. + +@item Exit Emacs +It will kill the Emacs @dfn{process} as opposed to simply killing the +@dfn{buffer}. Before it kills the process, it will prompt you as to +which unsaved buffers you wish to save by going through the list of the +buffers. + +@end table + +@comment node-name, next, previous, up +@menu +* Edit menu:: Items on the Edit Menu +* Options Menu:: Items on the Options Menu +* Buffers Menu:: Items on the Buffers Menu +* Help menu:: The Help Menu at the extreme right on + the frame +@end menu + +@node Edit menu, Options Menu, File menu, Pull-down Menus +@subsection The Edit Menu +@cindex Undo menu item +@cindex Cut menu item +@cindex Copy menu item +@cindex Paste menu item +@cindex Clear menu item +@cindex Start Macro Recording menu item +@cindex End Macro Recording menu item +@cindex Execute Last Macro menu item + +Most of the commands in this menu work on a block of text or a selected +region. The text will be highlighted as you select it. +@table @b +@item Undo +Undoes the previous command. If you type something by mistake you can +use this command. For example, if you select @b{Insert File...} from the +@b{File} menu and insert a wrong file by mistake, you can select this +item and it will remove the inserted file. It undoes a batch of text +which is worth an emacs command. + +@item Cut +Removes the selected text block from the current buffer, makes it the X +clipboard selection, and places it in the kill ring +(@pxref{Moving Text}). Before executing this command, you have to select +a region using Emacs region selection commands or with the +mouse. @xref{Selecting Text}. + +@item Copy +Makes a selected text block the X clipboard selection, and places it in +the kill ring. You can select text using one of the Emacs region +selection commands or by selecting a text region with the +mouse. @xref{Selecting Text}, for more information. + +@item Paste +Inserts the current value of the X clipboard selection in the current +buffer. Note that this is not necessarily the same as the Emacs +@code{yank} command, because the Emacs kill ring and the X clipboard +selection are not the same thing. You can paste in text you have placed +in the clipboard using @b{Copy} or @b{Cut}. You can also use @b{Paste} +to insert text that was pasted into the clipboard from other +applications. @xref{X Clipboard Selection,,,xemacs,XEmacs User's Manual}, +for information on using Clipboard Selection. + +@item Clear +Removes the selected text block from the current buffer but does not +place it in the kill ring or the X clipboard selection. You will not be +able to get this text back. + +@item Start Macro Recording +After selecting this, Emacs will remember every keystroke you type until +@b{End Macro Recording} is selected. + +@item End Macro Recording +Selecting this tells emacs to stop remembering your keystrokes. + +@item Execute Last Macro +Selecting this item will cause emacs to re-interpret all of the +keystrokes which were saved between selections of the @b{Start Macro +Recording} and @b{End Macro Recording} menu items. You can now execute +the most recent keyboard macro. @xref{Keyboard Macros,,,xemacs,XEmacs +User's Manual}, for further information. +@end table + +@comment node-name, next, previous, up +@node Options Menu, Buffers Menu, Edit menu, Pull-down Menus +@subsection The Options Menu +@cindex Options menu +@cindex Read Only menu item +@cindex Case Sensitive Search menu item +@cindex Overstrike menu item +@cindex Auto Delete Selection menu item +@cindex Teach Extended Commands menu item +@cindex Syntax Highlighting menu item +@cindex Paren Highlighting menu item +@cindex Font menu item +@cindex Size menu item +@cindex Weight menu item +@cindex Buffers Menu Length... menu item +@cindex Buffers Sub-Menus menu item +@cindex Save Options + +There are sub-menus for some of the menus which you will need to +select. If sub-menus exist for an item, they will be displayed +automatically when you drag the mouse on that item. The items in this +menu provide some fancy editing operations. + +@table @b +@item Read Only +Selecting this item will cause the buffer to visit the file in a +read-only mode. Changes to the file will not be allowed. + +@item Case Sensitive Search +Selecting this item will cause searches to be case-sensitive. If +its not selected then searches will ignore case. This option is +local to the buffer. For example, if this item is selected and you are +searching for @samp{Smile}, then an occurrence of @samp{smile} will not +be recognized because of the smaller case of @samp{s}. + +@item Overstrike +After selecting this item, when you type letters they will replace +existing text on a one-to-one basis, rather than pushing it to the +right. At the end of a line, such characters extend the line. Before +a tab, such characters insert until the tab is filled in. + +@item Auto Delete Selection +Selecting this item will cause automatic deletion of the selected +region. After you select a region and hit the @key{RET} key, the +selected text will be deleted. The typed text will replace the selection +if the selection is active (i.e. if its highlighted). If the option is +not selected then the typed text is just inserted at the cursor. + +@item Teach Extended Commands +After you select this item, any time you execute a command with +@kbd{M-x} which has a shorter keybinding, you will be shown the +alternate binding before the command executes. For example if you type +@kbd{M-x find-file-other-window} which performs the same function as the +@b{Open in Other Window...} in @b{File} menu you will see the following +message: + +@example +M-x find-file-other-window (bound to keys: C-x 4 f, C-x 4 C-f) +@end example + +@item Syntax Highlighting +You can customize your @code{init.el} file to include the font-lock mode +so that when you select this item, the comments will be displayed in one +face, strings in another, reserved words in another, and so +on. @xref{Customization,,,xemacs,XEmacs User's Manual}, for more +information on customizing @code{init.el} file. After selecting this +item, you will find your code a lot easier to read. When @b{Fonts} is +selected, different parts of the program will appear in different +Fonts. When @b{Colors} is selected, then the program will be displayed +in different colors. Selecting @b{None} causes the program to appear in +just one Font and Color. Selecting @b{Less} resets the Fonts and Colors +to a fast, minimal set of decorations. Selecting @b{More} resets the +Fonts and Colors to a larger set of decorations. For example, if +@b{Less} is selected (which is the default setting) then you might have +all comments in green color. It does not matter what the comments +contain. Whereas, if @b{More} is selected then a function name in the +comments themselves might appear in a different Color or Font. Even +though the comments themselves might appear in green color, a function +name @dfn{within} the comments might appear in red color. + +@item Paren Highlighting +After selecting @b{Blink} from this item, if you place the cursor +on a parenthesis, the matching parenthesis will blink. If you select +@b{Highlight} and place the cursor on a parenthesis, the whole +expression of the parenthesis under the cursor will be highlighted. +Selecting @b{None} will turn off the options (regarding @b{Paren +Highlighting}) which you had selected earlier.@refill + +@item Font +You can select any Font for your program by choosing from one of the +available Fonts. The whole buffer will be converted to the Font you select. + +@item Size +You can select any size for the text in your buffer (ranging from @b{2} to @b{24}) by selecting the appropriate option.@refill + +@item Weight +You can choose either @b{Bold} or @b{Medium} for the weight of the text +of your buffer. + +@item Buffers Menu Length... +Prompts you for the number of buffers to display. Then it will display +that number of most recently selected buffers. + +@item Buffers Sub-Menus +After selection of this item the Buffers menu will contain several +commands, as submenus of each buffer line. If this item is unselected, +then there are no submenus for each buffer line, the only command +available will be selecting that buffer. + +@item Save Options +Selecting this item will save the current settings of your Options +menu to your @code{init.el} file so that the next time you start XEmacs, +you won't need to select the options again. +@end table + + +@comment node-name, next, previous, up +@node Buffers Menu, Help menu, Options Menu, Pull-down Menus +@subsection The Buffers Menu +@cindex Buffers menu +The @b{Buffers} menu provides a selection of up to ten buffers and the +item @b{List All Buffers}, which provides a Buffer List. If you select +@b{Buffers Sub-menus} from the @b{Options} menu, you will get some +sub-menus for each of the buffer listing. + + +@comment node-name, next, previous, up +@node Help menu, , Buffers Menu, Pull-down Menus +@subsection The Help Menu +@cindex Help menu + +The Help Menu gives you access to Emacs Info and provides a menu +equivalent for some of the choices you have when using @kbd{C-h}. +@xref{Help}, for more information. + +The @b{Describe variable} and @b{Describe function} will provide +documentation for the corresponding variable or function. The Help menu +also gives access to UNIX online manual pages via the @b{UNIX Manual...} +option. + + + + + + + + +