-This is ../info/new-users-guide.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.0
+This is ../info/new-users-guide.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.6
from new-users-guide/new-users-guide.texi.
INFO-DIR-SECTION XEmacs Editor
preserved on all copies.
\1f
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+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Top, Next: Intro, Prev: (dir), Up: (dir)
+
+The Emacs Editor
+****************
+
+Emacs is the extensible, customizable, self-documenting real-time
+display editor. This Info file will help you get started on using
+XEmacs. It corresponds to XEmacs version 19.13.
+
+* Menu:
+
+* Intro:: Introduction to XEmacs editor
+
+Indices, nodes containing large menus
+* Key Index:: An item for each standard Emacs key sequence.
+* Command Index:: An item for each command and function name
+* Variable Index:: An item for each variable in User-Guide
+* Concept Index:: An item for the concepts introduced
+
+Entering, Exiting and Editing Emacs
+* Entering:: Starting Emacs from the shell and Exiting
+* Windows and Menus:: Description of Pull-down menus
+* Edit:: Basic Editing commands
+
+Other Features of XEmacs
+* Customization Basics:: Customize Emacs menus and keybindings
+* Help:: Help menu and other help commands
+* Modes:: Major and Minor modes in XEmacs
+* Files:: Visiting, Saving and Listing Files
+* Other Customizations:: Customizing Variables, Modes, etc
+* Select and Move:: Selecting text and moving text
+* Search and Replace:: Searching and Replacing text
+
+
+
+ --- The Detailed Node Listing ---
+
+Entering and Exiting Emacs
+
+* Enter:: Entering Emacs from the shell
+* Frame:: Basic information about the XEmacs Frame
+* Exiting:: Exiting Emacs
+* Mode Line:: Interpreting the mode line.
+* Echo Area:: Bottom of the frame where you interact
+ with Emacs.
+
+XEmacs Windows and Menus
+
+* XEmacs Window:: Manipulating XEmacs Windows
+* Pull-down Menus:: Description of XEmacs Pull-down Menus
+
+Pull-down menus
+
+* File menu:: Items on the File Menu
+* Edit menu:: Items on the Edit Menu
+* Options Menu:: Items on the Options Menu
+* Buffers Menu:: Items on the Buffers Menu
+* Help menu:: The Help Menu at the extreme right on
+ the frame
+
+Basic Editing Commands
+
+* Insert:: Insert text in Emacs by simply typing at
+ the cursor position.
+* Cursor Position:: Moving Around the cursor in the buffer,
+* Erase:: Different commands for erasing text
+* Numeric Argument:: Giving Numeric Arguments to commands
+* Undo:: Undoing Changes made by mistake
+
+Customize key bindings and menus
+
+* Customizing key Bindings:: Changing Key Bindings
+* Customizing Menus:: Adding, Deleting, Enabling and Disabling Menus
+
+Help
+
+* The Help Menu:: Items on the Help Menu
+
+Major and Minor Modes
+
+* Major Modes:: Choosing Major Modes
+* Minor Modes:: Auto-Fill, Abbrev and other minor modes
+
+Emacs Files
+
+* File Names:: How to type and edit file name arguments.
+* Visiting:: Visiting a file prepares Emacs to edit the file.
+* Saving Files:: How to save Emacs files.
+
+Other Customizations
+
+* Setting Variables:: Customizing Emacs variables
+* Init File:: Some examples of Lisp expressions in
+ init.el file
+
+Selecting and Moving Text
+
+* Selecting Text:: Select a region of text by setting the Mark
+* Mouse:: Selecting Text with Mouse
+* Region Operation:: Various ways to operate on a selected text
+* Moving Text:: Moving Text
+* Accumulating text:: Accumulating Text from several buffers
+
+No sub menu for the node search and replace
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Intro, Next: Key Index, Prev: Top, Up: Top
+
+Introduction
+************
+
+You are reading about XEmacs which is a self-documenting, customizable,
+extensible real-time display editor.
+
+ XEmacs is a "display" editor because normally the text being edited
+is visible on the screen and is updated automatically as you type.
+*Note Display: (xemacs)Frame.
+
+ It is a "real-time" editor because the display is updated very
+frequently, usually after each character or pair of characters you type.
+This minimizes the amount of information you must keep in your head as
+you edit. *Note Real-time: (xemacs)Basic.
+
+ It is advanced because it provides facilities that go beyond simple
+insertion and deletion: filling of text; automatic indentation of
+programs; viewing two or more files at once; and dealing in terms of
+characters, words, lines, sentences, paragraphs, and pages, as well as
+expressions and comments in several different programming languages.
+It is much easier to type one command meaning "go to the end of the
+paragraph" than to find that spot with simple cursor keys.
+
+ "Self-documenting" means that at any time you can type a special
+character, `Control-h', to find out what your options are. You can
+also use `C-h' to find out what a command does, or to find all the
+commands relevant to a topic. *Note Help: (xemacs)Help.
+
+ "Customizable" means you can change the definitions of Emacs
+commands. For example, if you use a programming language in which
+comments start with `<**' and end with `**>', you can tell the Emacs
+comment manipulation commands to use those strings (*note Comments:
+(xemacs)Comments.). Another sort of customization is rearrangement of
+the command set. For example, you can set up the four basic cursor
+motion commands (up, down, left and right) on keys in a diamond pattern
+on the keyboard if you prefer. *Note Customization:
+(xemacs)Customization.
+
+ "Extensible" means you can go beyond simple customization and write
+entirely new commands, programs in the Lisp language to be run by
+Emacs's own Lisp interpreter. Emacs is an "on-line extensible" system:
+it is divided into many functions that call each other. You can
+redefine any function in the middle of an editing session and replace
+any part of Emacs without making a separate copy of all of Emacs. Most
+of the editing commands of Emacs are written in Lisp; the few
+exceptions could have been written in Lisp but are written in C for
+efficiency. Only a programmer can write an extension to Emacs, but
+anybody can use it afterward.
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Entering, Next: Windows and Menus, Prev: Concept Index, Up: Top
+
+Entering and Exiting Emacs
+**************************
+
+While using Emacs you should be familiar with the following three terms:
+
+Buffer
+ A buffer is a region of memory holding characters. It is the basic
+ editing unit; one buffer corresponds to one piece of text being
+ edited. You can have multiple buffers but you can edit only one
+ buffer at any one time. For more information, *Note Buffers:
+ (xemacs)Buffers.
+
+File
+ A file is a region of disk space holding characters. Emacs edits a
+ file by reading it into a buffer, editing that buffer and writing
+ out the buffer back to the file. To save your work permanently you
+ have to write it to a file. So after you load and work with a
+ file, you have to save it back.
+
+Windows
+ A window is a rectangular region in which a buffer is displayed.
+ You can open multiple windows with multiple buffers and edit them
+ by selecting the corresponding buffer. Initially, when you start
+ emacs, it will automatically open up a window for you.
+
+* Menu:
+
+* Enter:: Entering Emacs from the shell
+* Frame:: Basic information about the XEmacs Frame
+* Exiting:: Exiting Emacs
+* Mode Line:: Interpreting the mode line.
+* Echo Area:: Bottom of the frame where you interact
+ with Emacs.
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Enter, Next: Frame, Prev: Entering, Up: Entering
+
+Entering Emacs
+==============
+
+To enter Emacs type `xemacs' and press the Return key at the shell i.e.
+`xemacs <RET>'. This will bring up an emacs window with `*scratch*' as
+the default buffer because Emacs must always have a buffer to work on.
+Then choose the Open... option from the File menu on the menubar at the
+top of the frame. It will prompt you to enter a filename. After you
+enter the filename, Emacs will read that file into the current buffer.
+You can also type :
+ xemacs <filename> <RET>
+ directly which will bring up an Emacs frame with the "filename" as
+the buffer.
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Frame, Next: Exiting, Prev: Enter, Up: Entering
+
+Emacs Frame
+===========
+
+When you run XEmacs under X, a menu bar on top of the Emacs frame
+provides access to pull-down menus of file, edit, and help-related
+commands. The menus only provide convenient shortcuts, the options that
+they provide are available via key commands. You can invoke those
+commands from the keyboard also. For many of the options, their
+corresponding key commands are displayed right besides them. The five
+default menus on the menubar that you will see on the frame are File,
+Edit, Options, Buffers and Help. *Note XEmacs Pull-down Menus:
+(xemacs)XEmacs Pull-down Menus, for detailed information on the
+functions provided by the pull-down menus.
+
+ The Emacs frame has a rectangle shaped box at the extreme right and
+you can drag it up or down to scroll the window accordingly. Clicking
+on the arrows also serves the same purpose.
+
+ The last line in your window is `the Mode line' which will give you
+a description of what's going on in that particular window. *Note Mode
+Line::, for more information. Below the mode line is the `Echo area'.
+Emacs uses this area to interact with the user. *Note Echo Area::.
+
+ If you wish to open another file in a new window after you enter
+XEmacs, select Open in New Frame... from the File menu, which will
+prompt you for a filename and open a new window with that filename as
+the current buffer. If you want to open a new file in the same window,
+select Open.. from the File menu. You need to enter XEmacs only once,
+you can edit multiple files by opening several other frames or by
+switching between buffers.
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Exiting, Next: Mode Line, Prev: Frame, Up: Entering
+
+Exiting Emacs
+=============
+
+There are two commands for exiting Emacs, one for "suspending" Emacs
+and the other for "killing" Emacs. "Suspending" means stopping Emacs
+temporarily and returning control to the shell, allowing you to resume
+editing later in the same Emacs job, with the same files, same kill
+ring, same undo history, and so on. This is the usual way to exit.
+"Killing" Emacs means destroying the Emacs job. You can run Emacs
+again later, but you will get a fresh Emacs; there is no way to resume
+the same editing session after it has been killed.
+
+`C-z'
+ Suspend Emacs (`suspend-emacs'). If used under the X window
+ system, this command will shrink the X window containing the Emacs
+ frame to an icon. Clicking on the icon will resume that Emacs
+ process again. *Note Exiting Emacs: (xemacs)Exiting Emacs.
+
+`C-x C-c'
+ Kill Emacs (`save-buffers-kill-emacs'). You can also select Exit
+ Emacs option from the File menu to kill that Emacs process. If you
+ haven't saved the file, Emacs will ask you if you wish to save the
+ file before killing that process.
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Mode Line, Next: Echo Area, Prev: Exiting, Up: Entering
+
+The Mode Line
+=============
+
+When you enter XEmacs, each text window's last line is a "mode line"
+which describes what is going on in that window. Normally, the mode
+line looks like :
+
+ --CH-XEmacs: BUF (MAJOR MINOR)----POS------
+
+This gives information about the buffer being displayed in the window:
+the buffer's name, what major and minor modes are in use, whether the
+buffer's text has been changed, and how far down the buffer you are
+currently looking.
+
+ The CH contains :
+`**'
+ if the text in the buffer has been edited
+
+`--'
+ if the text in the buffer has not been edited
+
+`%%'
+ if the buffer is a read-only-buffer i.e. it cannot be edited
+
+ BUF is the name of the window's chosen "buffer". If you are editing
+a file (which is the selected buffer), the file name appears in BUF.
+*Note Buffers: (xemacs)Buffers.
+
+ POS contains :
+`All'
+ if your entire file is visible on the screen.
+
+`Top'
+ if you are looking at the beginning of the file.
+
+`Bot'
+ if you are looking at the end of the file.
+
+`NN%'
+ NN will be a number corresponding to the percentage of the file
+ above the top of the screen, for example `52', which means that 52%
+ of the file is above the top of the screen.
+
+ MAJOR is the name of the "major mode" in effect in the buffer. At
+any time, each buffer is in one and only one major mode. The available
+major modes include Fundamental mode (the least specialized), Text
+mode, Lisp mode, and C mode. *Note Major Modes: (xemacs)Major Modes,
+for details on how the modes differ and how you select one.
+
+ MINOR is a list of some of the "minor modes" that are turned on in
+the window's chosen buffer. For example, `Fill' means that Auto Fill
+mode is on which means that lines are broken automatically when they
+become too wide. *Note Minor Modes: (xemacs)Minor Modes, for more
+information on various minor modes and how to enable them.
+
+ You can also display time in the mode line. *Note The Mode Line:
+(xemacs)The Mode Line, for more information regarding the mode line.
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Echo Area, Prev: Mode Line, Up: Entering
+
+The Echo Area
+=============
+
+The line at the bottom of the frame (below the mode line) is the "echo
+area". Emacs uses this area to communicate with you:
+
+ * The "echo area" will print out the characters that you type. For
+ example, if you choose the Open... option from the File menu you
+ might get the following in the echo area:
+
+ Find file: /usr/lib/x11/
+
+ Now you need to give a file name to open, for example if the file
+ name is `myfile', you will type `myfile' after `/usr/lib/x11/' and
+ press the <Return> key. If you pause for more than a second while
+ typing, you will see the characters that you type in the "echo
+ area".
+
+ * The "echo area" also prints error messages. For example, if you
+ misspell `usr' and type `/urs/lib/x11/myfile' <RETURN> in the
+ above example you might get an error message. Since Emacs will not
+ be able to find the `/urs' directory, the "echo area" will say:
+
+ error--> Opening directory: no such file or directory, /urs/lib/x11/myfile
+
+ This error message will be accompanied by a beep. Some XEmacs
+ commands will print informative messages in the "echo area". *Note
+ The Echo Area: (xemacs)The Echo Area, for more information on the
+ "echo area".
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Windows and Menus, Next: Edit, Prev: Entering, Up: Top
+
+XEmacs Windows and Menus
+************************
+
+The first section of this chapter will show you how you can manipulate
+XEmacs Windows and the other section will explain the Pull-down Menus of
+an XEmacs window.
+
+* Menu:
+
+* XEmacs Window:: Manipulating XEmacs Windows
+* Pull-down Menus:: Description of XEmacs Pull-down Menus
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: XEmacs Window, Next: Pull-down Menus, Prev: Windows and Menus, Up: Windows and Menus
+
+XEmacs Windows
+==============
+
+When you use XEmacs under X, you can open multiple windows and each
+window can display one buffer or multiple parts of one buffer. Each
+window will have its own "mode line" and "echo area". At any one time
+there is only one "selected window" and the buffer it displays is the
+"selected buffer". There are some commands for manipulating windows:
+
+`M-C-v'
+ This command will scroll the window which is not "selected"
+ (`scroll-other-window').
+
+`C-x 0'
+ This command will get rid of the selected window (`delete-window').
+ That is a zero. If there is more than one Emacs frame, deleting the
+ sole remaining window on that frame deletes the frame as well. If
+ the current frame is the only frame, it is not deleted.
+
+`C-x 1'
+ This command will get rid of all the windows except the selected
+ one. (`delete-other-windows'). For example, if you use the
+ Describe variable option from the Help menu, the window will split
+ vertically and the bottom window will contain documentation for
+ that variable. After you are done looking at that variable's
+ documentation you might want to come back to your original single
+ window. Just type `C-x 1' after your cursor is in the top window
+ (the window which you want to keep) and hit <RET>.
+
+`C-x 2'
+ This command will split the selected window into two windows, one
+ above the other (`split-window-vertically'). Both the windows will
+ start out by displaying the same buffer. The window in which you
+ have your cursor will be your "selected window".
+
+`C-x 3'
+ This will split the selected window into two windows positioned
+ side by side (`split-window-horizontally'). A line of vertical
+ bars will separate the window.
+
+You can select a buffer in another window by using some other commands.
+These commands all have a prefix key `C-x 4'
+`C-x 4 b BUFNAME <RET>'
+ This command will select a buffer BUFNAME in another window. This
+ runs `switch-to-buffer-other-window'. It will prompt you for a
+ buffername.
+
+`C-x 4 f FILENAME <RET>'
+ Visit file FILENAME and select its buffer in another window. This
+ runs `find-file-other-window'. *Note Visiting: (xemacs)Visiting.
+ It will prompt you for a filename.
+
+`C-x 4 d DIRECTORY <RET>'
+ Select a Dired buffer for directory DIRECTORY in another window.
+ This runs `dired-other-window'. *Note Dired: (xemacs)Dired.
+
+`C-x 4 m'
+ Start composing a mail message in another window. This runs
+ `mail-other-window', and its same-window version is `C-x m'.
+ *Note Sending Mail: (xemacs)Sending Mail, for information on how
+ to Send Mail using XEmacs. *Note Reading Mail With Rmail:
+ (xemacs)Reading Mail With Rmail, for information on reading mail
+ using Rmail.
+
+ If you click the right button on the mouse on a mode line, you will
+get a menu with following options:
+Delete Window
+ Choosing this menu will remove the window above this modeline from
+ the frame.
+
+Delete Other Windows
+ Delete all windows on the frame except for the one above this
+ modeline.
+
+Split Window
+ Split the window above the mode line in half, creating another
+ window.
+
+Split Window Horizontally
+ Split the window above the mode line in half horizontally, so that
+ there will be two windows side-by-side.
+
+Balance Windows
+ Readjust the sizes of all windows on the frame until all windows
+ have roughly the same number of lines.
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Pull-down Menus, Prev: XEmacs Window, Up: Windows and Menus
+
+XEmacs Pull-down Menus
+======================
+
+When you run XEmacs under X, each Emacs frame has a menu-bar at the top
+which provides commands for editing, help and other options. All these
+options are also available via key commands, the menus just provide
+convenient short-cuts. The key commands are displayed right besides
+some of the options. The following is a brief description of the four
+default menus on the menu bar:
+
+* Menu:
+
+* File menu:: Items on the File menu
+* Edit menu:: Items on the Edit menu
+* Options Menu:: Items on the Options Menu
+* Buffers Menu:: Items on the Buffers Menu
+* Help menu:: The Help Menu at the extreme right on
+ the frame
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: File menu, Next: Edit menu, Prev: Pull-down Menus, Up: Pull-down Menus
+
+The File Menu
+-------------
+
+The File menu bar contains the following items. To choose a particular
+option, press the left mouse button and drag it to the item you wish to
+select. Then release the button.
+
+Open...
+ This option will prompt you for a file name. You will get a
+ message in the echo area:
+
+ Find File:
+
+ After Find File, there might be a directory path also. After you
+ type the file name and press <RET> the file will be loaded into a
+ new buffer.
+
+Open in New Frame...
+ It prompts you for a file name and loads that file in a new buffer
+ in a new frame. You can open many frames for the same Emacs
+ session. You can delete the frame by selecting Delete Frame.
+
+Insert File...
+ Prompts you for a filename and inserts the contents of this
+ filename in your current buffer. Position your cursor at the place
+ you wish to insert the file and select this option. You will get
+ the following message in the echo area:
+
+ Insert file:
+
+ Insert the file name and press <RET>.
+
+Save <Buffername>
+ It saves the changes you have made to the buffer. If you have made
+ changes which are not saved yet, the option will appear dark,
+ otherwise it will be light and unselectable. If you do not wish to
+ save the changes, select Revert Buffer.
+
+Save As...
+ Prompts you for a filename and saves the current buffer in that
+ file. It loads the new file if the filename you specify is
+ different from the one you were working with.
+
+Print Buffer <buffername>
+ Prints a hardcopy of the current or "selected" buffer.
+
+New Frame
+ Opens a new frame with *scratch* as the default buffer. It doesn't
+ prompt you for a filename. To open a file you need to go to that
+ frame and select Open...
+
+Split Frame
+ Splits the current window into two equal-sized windows with the
+ same buffer. To get back a single frame, select Un-Split (Keep
+ This). *Note XEmacs Window::, for more information about windows.
+
+Un-Split (Keep This)
+ If the frame contains multiple windows, it will remove all windows
+ except the selected one.
+
+Un-Split (Keep Others)
+ If the frame contains multiple windows, it will remove the selected
+ window and keep the other one.
+
+Revert Buffer <buffername>
+ If you do not wish to save the changes you made to the file since
+ you opened it, select this option. It will restore the last saved
+ version of the file to the current buffer.
+
+Kill Buffer <buffername>
+ It will kill the current buffer. If will prompt you if there are
+ unsaved changes.
+
+Exit Emacs
+ It will kill the Emacs "process" as opposed to simply killing the
+ "buffer". Before it kills the process, it will prompt you as to
+ which unsaved buffers you wish to save by going through the list
+ of the buffers.
+
+
+* Menu:
+
+* Edit menu:: Items on the Edit Menu
+* Options Menu:: Items on the Options Menu
+* Buffers Menu:: Items on the Buffers Menu
+* Help menu:: The Help Menu at the extreme right on
+ the frame
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Edit menu, Next: Options Menu, Prev: File menu, Up: Pull-down Menus
+
+The Edit Menu
+-------------
+
+Most of the commands in this menu work on a block of text or a selected
+region. The text will be highlighted as you select it.
+Undo
+ Undoes the previous command. If you type something by mistake you
+ can use this command. For example, if you select Insert File...
+ from the File menu and insert a wrong file by mistake, you can
+ select this item and it will remove the inserted file. It undoes a
+ batch of text which is worth an emacs command.
+
+Cut
+ Removes the selected text block from the current buffer, makes it
+ the X clipboard selection, and places it in the kill ring (*note
+ Moving Text::). Before executing this command, you have to select
+ a region using Emacs region selection commands or with the mouse.
+ *Note Selecting Text::.
+
+Copy
+ Makes a selected text block the X clipboard selection, and places
+ it in the kill ring. You can select text using one of the Emacs
+ region selection commands or by selecting a text region with the
+ mouse. *Note Selecting Text::, for more information.
+
+Paste
+ Inserts the current value of the X clipboard selection in the
+ current buffer. Note that this is not necessarily the same as the
+ Emacs `yank' command, because the Emacs kill ring and the X
+ clipboard selection are not the same thing. You can paste in text
+ you have placed in the clipboard using Copy or Cut. You can also
+ use Paste to insert text that was pasted into the clipboard from
+ other applications. *Note X Clipboard Selection: (xemacs)X
+ Clipboard Selection, for information on using Clipboard Selection.
+
+Clear
+ Removes the selected text block from the current buffer but does
+ not place it in the kill ring or the X clipboard selection. You
+ will not be able to get this text back.
+
+Start Macro Recording
+ After selecting this, Emacs will remember every keystroke you type
+ until End Macro Recording is selected.
+
+End Macro Recording
+ Selecting this tells emacs to stop remembering your keystrokes.
+
+Execute Last Macro
+ Selecting this item will cause emacs to re-interpret all of the
+ keystrokes which were saved between selections of the Start Macro
+ Recording and End Macro Recording menu items. You can now execute
+ the most recent keyboard macro. *Note Keyboard Macros:
+ (xemacs)Keyboard Macros, for further information.
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Options Menu, Next: Buffers Menu, Prev: Edit menu, Up: Pull-down Menus
+
+The Options Menu
+----------------
+
+There are sub-menus for some of the menus which you will need to
+select. If sub-menus exist for an item, they will be displayed
+automatically when you drag the mouse on that item. The items in this
+menu provide some fancy editing operations.
+
+Read Only
+ Selecting this item will cause the buffer to visit the file in a
+ read-only mode. Changes to the file will not be allowed.
+
+Case Sensitive Search
+ Selecting this item will cause searches to be case-sensitive. If
+ its not selected then searches will ignore case. This option is
+ local to the buffer. For example, if this item is selected and you
+ are searching for `Smile', then an occurrence of `smile' will not
+ be recognized because of the smaller case of `s'.
+
+Overstrike
+ After selecting this item, when you type letters they will replace
+ existing text on a one-to-one basis, rather than pushing it to the
+ right. At the end of a line, such characters extend the line.
+ Before a tab, such characters insert until the tab is filled in.
+
+Auto Delete Selection
+ Selecting this item will cause automatic deletion of the selected
+ region. After you select a region and hit the <RET> key, the
+ selected text will be deleted. The typed text will replace the
+ selection if the selection is active (i.e. if its highlighted). If
+ the option is not selected then the typed text is just inserted at
+ the cursor.
+
+Teach Extended Commands
+ After you select this item, any time you execute a command with
+ `M-x' which has a shorter keybinding, you will be shown the
+ alternate binding before the command executes. For example if you
+ type `M-x find-file-other-window' which performs the same function
+ as the Open in Other Window... in File menu you will see the
+ following message:
+
+ M-x find-file-other-window (bound to keys: C-x 4 f, C-x 4 C-f)
+
+Syntax Highlighting
+ You can customize your `init.el' file to include the font-lock mode
+ so that when you select this item, the comments will be displayed
+ in one face, strings in another, reserved words in another, and so
+ on. *Note Customization: (xemacs)Customization, for more
+ information on customizing `init.el' file. After selecting this
+ item, you will find your code a lot easier to read. When Fonts is
+ selected, different parts of the program will appear in different
+ Fonts. When Colors is selected, then the program will be displayed
+ in different colors. Selecting None causes the program to appear in
+ just one Font and Color. Selecting Less resets the Fonts and Colors
+ to a fast, minimal set of decorations. Selecting More resets the
+ Fonts and Colors to a larger set of decorations. For example, if
+ Less is selected (which is the default setting) then you might have
+ all comments in green color. It does not matter what the comments
+ contain. Whereas, if More is selected then a function name in the
+ comments themselves might appear in a different Color or Font. Even
+ though the comments themselves might appear in green color, a
+ function name "within" the comments might appear in red color.
+
+Paren Highlighting
+ After selecting Blink from this item, if you place the cursor on a
+ parenthesis, the matching parenthesis will blink. If you select
+ Highlight and place the cursor on a parenthesis, the whole
+ expression of the parenthesis under the cursor will be highlighted.
+ Selecting None will turn off the options (regarding Paren
+ Highlighting) which you had selected earlier.
+
+Font
+ You can select any Font for your program by choosing from one of
+ the available Fonts. The whole buffer will be converted to the
+ Font you select.
+
+Size
+ You can select any size for the text in your buffer (ranging from
+ 2 to 24) by selecting the appropriate option.
+
+Weight
+ You can choose either Bold or Medium for the weight of the text of
+ your buffer.
+
+Buffers Menu Length...
+ Prompts you for the number of buffers to display. Then it will
+ display that number of most recently selected buffers.
+
+Buffers Sub-Menus
+ After selection of this item the Buffers menu will contain several
+ commands, as submenus of each buffer line. If this item is
+ unselected, then there are no submenus for each buffer line, the
+ only command available will be selecting that buffer.
+
+Save Options
+ Selecting this item will save the current settings of your Options
+ menu to your `init.el' file so that the next time you start XEmacs,
+ you won't need to select the options again.
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Buffers Menu, Next: Help menu, Prev: Options Menu, Up: Pull-down Menus
+
+The Buffers Menu
+----------------
+
+The Buffers menu provides a selection of up to ten buffers and the item
+List All Buffers, which provides a Buffer List. If you select Buffers
+Sub-menus from the Options menu, you will get some sub-menus for each
+of the buffer listing.
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Help menu, Prev: Buffers Menu, Up: Pull-down Menus
+
+The Help Menu
+-------------
+
+The Help Menu gives you access to Emacs Info and provides a menu
+equivalent for some of the choices you have when using `C-h'. *Note
+Help::, for more information.
+
+ The Describe variable and Describe function will provide
+documentation for the corresponding variable or function. The Help menu
+also gives access to UNIX online manual pages via the UNIX Manual...
+option.
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Edit, Next: Customization Basics, Prev: Windows and Menus, Up: Top
+
+Basic Editing Commands
+**********************
+
+This chapter will introduce you to some basic editing commands. You can
+also learn the basic editing commands by typing `Control-h t'
+(`help-with-tutorial' OR by selecting Emacs Tutorial from the Help menu
+on the menu bar. Most of the Emacs commands will use the <CONTROL> key
+or the <META> key. The following abbreviations will be used for the
+<CONTROL> and <META> key in this manual:
+
+`C-<chr>'
+ This means that you should hold down the <CONTROL> key while typing
+ `<chr>'. For example, if the command is `C-g', you should hold the
+ <CONTROL> key and type <g>.
+
+`M-<chr>'
+ This means that you should hold down the `META' key while typing
+ `<chr>'. If there is no `META' key on your keyboard, use the `ESC'
+ key instead. For example, if the command is `M-x', then type
+ `ESC', release it and type `x'.
+
+ The following abbreviations will be used for some other keys:
+
+<SPC>
+ Space bar.
+
+<RET>
+ Return key.
+
+<LFD>
+ Linefeed key.
+
+<TAB>
+ Tab.
+
+<ESC>
+ Escape.
+
+<SFT>
+ Shift.
+
+* Menu:
+
+* Insert:: Insert text in Emacs by simply typing at
+ the cursor position.
+* Cursor Position:: Moving Around the cursor in the buffer,
+* Erase:: Different commands for erasing text
+* Numeric Argument:: Giving Numeric Arguments to commands
+* Undo:: Undoing Changes made by mistake
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Insert, Next: Cursor Position, Prev: Edit, Up: Edit
+
+Inserting Text
+==============
+
+To insert printing characters into the text you are editing, just type
+them. Emacs will automatically insert the characters that you type into
+the buffer at the cursor. The cursor moves forward, but if you prefer
+to have text characters replace (overwrite) existing text characters,
+you can enable the Overstrike option from the Options menu in the menu
+bar.
+
+ To "delete" text you have just inserted, use <DEL>. <DEL> deletes
+the character BEFORE the cursor (not the one that the cursor is on top
+of or under; that is the character AFTER the cursor). The cursor and
+all characters after it move backwards. Therefore, if you type a
+printing character and then type <DEL>, they cancel out.
+
+ To end a line and start typing a new one, type <RET>. This inserts
+a newline character in the buffer. If point is in the middle of a
+line, <RET> splits the line. Typing <DEL> when the cursor is at the
+beginning of a line rubs out the newline before the line, thus joining
+the line with the preceding line.
+
+ Emacs automatically splits lines when they become too long, if you
+turn on a special mode called "Auto Fill" mode. *Note Filling:
+(xemacs)Filling, for information on using Auto Fill mode.
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Cursor Position, Next: Erase, Prev: Insert, Up: Edit
+
+Moving Around
+=============
+
+The following commands will allow you to move the cursor around the
+screen. The actual function names corresponding to these commands are
+given in parenthesis. You can also invoke these commands by typing `M-x
+<function name>'. You can do this for any command in XEmacs.
+
+`C-b'
+ Move the cursor backward one character (`backward-char').
+
+`C-f'
+ Move the cursor forward one character (`forward-char').
+
+`C-p'
+ Move the cursor up one line vertically (`previous-line').
+
+`C-n'
+ Move the cursor down one line vertically (`next-line').
+
+`C-a'
+ Move the cursor to the beginning of the line (`beginning-of-line').
+
+`C-e'
+ Move the cursor to the end of the line (`end-of-line').
+
+`M-f'
+ Move the cursor forward one word (`forward-word').
+
+`M-b'
+ Move the cursor backward one word (`backward-word').
+
+`M-<'
+ Move the cursor to the top of the buffer (`beginning-of-buffer').
+
+`M->'
+ Move the cursor to the end of the buffer (`end-of-buffer').
+
+`M-x goto-char RET <number> RET'
+ To enable this command type `M-x goto-char', and hit <RETURN> key.
+ In the "echo area" you will see:
+
+ Goto char:
+
+ You should then type in a number right after the colon and hit the
+ `RETURN' key again. After reading a number N this command will
+ move the cursor to character number N. Position 1 is the
+ beginning of the buffer. For example, if you type `M-x goto-char
+ RET 200 RET', then the cursor will move to the 200th character
+ starting from the beginning of the buffer.
+
+`M-x goto-line RET <number> RET'
+ To enable this command type `M-x goto-line', and hit the <RETURN>
+ key. After you see `Goto line:' in the "echo area", type in a
+ number N and hit <RETURN> key again. This command will position
+ the cursor on the nth line starting from the beginning of the
+ buffer.
+
+`M-x what-line RET'
+ This command will display the current line number in the echo area.
+
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Erase, Next: Numeric Argument, Prev: Cursor Position, Up: Edit
+
+Erasing Text
+============
+
+`<DEL>'
+ If you press <DEL> i.e. the "delete" key, it will delete the
+ character before the cursor (`delete-backward-char').
+
+`C-d'
+ This will delete the character after the cursor (`delete-char').
+
+`C-k'
+ Kill to the end of the line (`kill-line'). If you kill the line by
+ mistake you can "yank" or `paste' it back by typing `C-y'. *Note
+ Moving Text::, for more information on yanking.
+
+`M-d'
+ Kill forward to the end of the next word (`kill-word').
+
+`M-<DEL>'
+ Kill back to the beginning of the previous word
+ (`backward-kill-word').
+
+`M-k'
+ Kill to the end of current sentence (`kill-sentence').
+
+`M-z CHAR'
+ Kill up to next occurrence of CHAR (`zap-to-char'). To use this
+ command type `M-z'. You will see the following statement in the
+ echo area :
+
+ Zap to char:
+
+ Type any char and press the <RET> key. For example, if you type
+ `p' then the entire text starting from the position of the cursor
+ until the first occurrence of `p' is killed.
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Numeric Argument, Next: Undo, Prev: Erase, Up: Edit
+
+Giving Numeric Arguments
+========================
+
+Any Emacs command can be given a "numeric argument". Some commands
+interpret the argument as a repetition count. For example, if you want
+to move forward ten characters, you could type `C-f' ten times.
+However, a more efficient way to do this would be to give an argument
+of ten to the key `C-f' (the command `forward-char', move forward one
+character). Negative arguments are also allowed. Often they tell a
+command to move or act backwards. For example, if you want to move down
+ten lines, type the following:
+ C-u 10 C-n RET
+
+After you press <RET> key, the cursor will move ten lines downward. You
+can also type:
+ M-10 C-n RET
+
+Both `C-u' and `M-' allow you to give numeric arguments. If you want to
+move ten lines backward, you can also give negative arguments, like:
+ C-u -10 C-n RET
+
+OR you could also type:
+ M--10 C-n RET
+
+You can obviously use `C-b' to move backward rather than giving
+negative arguments to `C-n'. *Note Numeric Arguments: (xemacs)Numeric
+Arguments, for more information on numeric arguments.
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Undo, Prev: Numeric Argument, Up: Edit
+
+Undoing Changes
+===============
+
+When you are editing a buffer, you might type something by mistake.
+Emacs allows you to undo all changes you make to a buffer (but not more
+than 8000 characters). Each buffer in Emacs keeps a record of the
+changes made to it individually, so the undo command applies to the
+current buffer. There are two undo commands:
+
+`C-x u'
+ Undo one batch of changes (usually, one command's worth).
+ (`undo').
+
+`C-_'
+ The same as above, but this command might not be obvious to type
+ on some keyboards so it might be better to use the above command.
+
+ *Note Undoing Changes: (xemacs)Undoing Changes, for more information
+on undoing changes.
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Customization Basics, Next: Help, Prev: Edit, Up: Top
+
+Customize key bindings and menus
+********************************
+
+When you start Emacs, it reads the file `~/.xemacs/init.el' in the
+`.xemacs/' subdirectory of your home directory. You can use this file
+to initialize and customize Emacs to your liking. This file should
+contain lisp-code. You can customize your `init.el' file to create new
+menus, disable menus, change key bindings, enable a minor mode, etc.
+Any kind of customization affects only a particular Emacs job that you
+do them in. If you want to save your customizations `permanently' i.e.
+for future use also, you have to put it in your `init.el' file. After
+you make changes to your `init.el' file and save it, the changes will
+be effective only after you start Emacs again i.e. for a new Emacs
+process. To try out some of the examples in this section, highlight
+that region and evaluate the region by giving the command `M-x
+eval-region'. You will be able to see the results of your
+customizations in that Emacs session only (*note Lisp Eval:
+(xemacs)Lisp Eval.).
+
+* Menu:
+
+* Customizing key Bindings:: Changing Key Bindings
+* Customizing Menus:: Adding, Deleting, Enabling and Disabling Menus
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Customizing key Bindings, Next: Customizing Menus, Prev: Customization Basics, Up: Customization Basics
+
+Customize key bindings
+======================
+
+Most of Emacs commands use key sequences. *Note Keystrokes:
+(xemacs)Keystrokes, for more information about Keys and Commands. In
+Emacs, the keys themselves carry no meaning unless they are bound to a
+function. For example, `C-n' moves the cursor to the next line because
+its bound to the function next-line. Similarly, `C-p' moves to the
+previous line because its bound to the function previous-line. The
+functions themselves define a particular behavior. You can customize
+the key `C-n' to move to the previous line by binding it to
+previous-line and `C-p' to move to the next line by binding it to
+next-line. To bind keys to globally run commands you need to use the
+following syntax in your init.el file:
+
+ `(global-set-key KEYS CMD)'
+
+Here, `global-set-key' is a function which will bind the "keys" to the
+specified "cmd". For example, if you type the following in your init.el
+file:
+
+ (global-set-key "\C-p" 'next-line)
+ (global-set-key "\C-n" 'previous-line)
+
+then `C-p' will move to the next line and `C-n' to the previous line.
+
+ You can also disable a key binding, by using `nil' as the CMD in the
+syntax stated above. Here, `nil' stands for `false' which means disable
+a command or turn off a feature. If you want to enable a command or
+turn on a particular feature use `t' which stands for `true'. For
+example, if you do not wish `C-x C-c' to `Exit Emacs' you can type the
+following expression in your `init.el' file:
+
+ (global-set-key "\C-x\C-c" nil)
+
+You might want to have this statement in your `init.el' file because
+its easy to hit this command by mistake and it could be annoying to exit
+Emacs unintentionally. There is an Exit Emacs option in the File menu
+which you might want to use instead. To make a particular key undefined
+you can also use:
+
+ (global-unset-key "\C-x\C-c")
+
+Now if you use the command `C-x C-c', you will get an error saying that
+the command is undefined.
+
+ Some other customizations you could try are:
+ * (global-set-key 'button3 'beginning-of-buffer)
+
+ Now when you press the third button of your mouse, the cursor will
+ be placed at the `beginning-of-buffer'.
+
+ * (global-set-key 'f1 'goto-line)
+
+ If you press the <F1> key, you will be prompted for a line number.
+ After you type the line number and hit <RET>, the cursor will be
+ placed on that line number.
+
+ * (global-set-key 'f2 'undo)
+
+ Pressing <F2> will undo the last command. If you have a <undo> key
+ on your keyboard, try binding that key to the undo command.
+
+ Another syntax for customizing key bindings is: `(define-key KEYMAP
+KEYS DEF)' It defines KEYS to run DEF in the keymap KEYMAP.
+
+ KEYMAP is a keymap object which records the bindings of keys to the
+commands that they run.
+
+ KEYS is the sequence of keystrokes to bind.
+
+ DEF is anything that can be a key's definition:
+
+ Look at the following two examples:
+
+ (define-key global-map "\C-xl" 'make-symbolic-link)
+ (define-key c-mode-map "\C-xl" 'make-symbolic-link)
+
+Both the examples bind the key `C-xl' to run the function
+`make-symbolic-link' (*note Misc File Ops: (xemacs)Misc File Ops.).
+However, the second example will bind the key only for C mode. *Note
+Major Modes: (xemacs)Major Modes, for more information on Major Modes
+in XEmacs.
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Customizing Menus, Prev: Customizing key Bindings, Up: Customization Basics
+
+Customizing Menus
+=================
+
+You can customize any of the XEmacs Pull-down-Menus. You can create
+your own menu, delete an existing one, enable a menu or disable a menu.
+For more information on the default menus available to you, *Note
+Pull-down Menus::.
+
+ Some of the functions which are available to you for customization
+are:
+ 1. add-menu-item: (MENU-NAME ITEM-NAME FUNCTION ENABLED-P &optional
+ BEFORE)
+
+ This function will add a menu item to a menu, creating the menu
+ first if necessary. If the named item already exists, the menu
+ will remain unchanged. For example, if you add the following
+ example to your `init.el' file or evaluate it (*note Customization
+ Basics::),
+
+ (add-menu-item '("Edit") "Replace String" replace-string t "Clear")
+
+ a sub-menu Replace String will be created under Edit menu before
+ the sub-menu Clear. The Edit menu will now look like:
+
+ Undo C-x u
+ Cut cut
+ Copy copy
+ Paste paste
+ Replace String
+ Clear
+ Start Macro Recording C-x(
+ End Macro Recording C-x)
+ Execute Last Macro C-xe
+
+ Replace String will now execute the function `replace-string'.
+ Select this menu item. Emacs will prompt you for a string name to
+ be replaced. Type a string and hit <RET>. Now type a new string to
+ replace the old string and hit <RET>. All occurrences of the old
+ string will be replaced by the new string. In this example,
+
+ `Edit' is the MENU-NAME which identifies the menu into which the
+ new menu item should be inserted.
+
+ `Replace String' is the ITEM-NAME which names the menu item to be
+ added.
+
+ `replace-string' is the FUNCTION i.e. the command to be invoked
+ when the menu item "Replace String" is selected.
+
+ `t' is the ENABLED-P parameter which controls whether the menu
+ item is selectable or not. This parameter can be either `t'
+ (selectable), `nil' (not selectable), or a form to evaluate. This
+ form is evaluated just before the menu is displayed, and the menu
+ item will be selectable if the form returns non-`nil'.
+
+ `Clear' is the &OPTIONAL BEFORE parameter which is the name of the
+ menu before which the new menu or sub-menu should be added. The
+ &OPTIONAL string means that this parameter is optional. You do not
+ need to specify this parameter. If you do not specify this
+ parameter in the example above, the Replace String menu item will
+ be added at the end of the list of sub-menus in the Edit menu i.e.
+ after Execute Last Macro.
+
+ If you wish to add a new menu to the menubar, try:
+
+ (add-menu-item nil "Bot" 'end-of-buffer t)
+
+ This will create a new menu Bot on the menu bar. Selecting this
+ menu will take you to the end of the buffer. Using `nil' for the
+ parameter MENU-NAME will create a new menu. Your menu-bar will now
+ look like:
+
+ File Edit Options Buffers Bot Help
+
+ The following example will illustrate how you can add sub-menus to
+ the submenus themselves:
+
+ (add-menu-item '("File" "Management") "Copy File" 'copy-file t)
+ (add-menu-item '("File" "Management") "Delete File" 'delete-file t)
+ (add-menu-item '("File" "Management") "Rename File" 'rename-file t)
+
+ This will create a sub-menu Management under the File menu. When
+ you select the submenu Management, it will contain three submenus:
+ Copy File, Delete File and Rename File.
+
+ 2. delete-menu-item: (MENU-PATH) This function will remove the menu
+ item defined by MENU-NAME from the menu hierarchy. Look at the
+ following examples and the comments just above them which specify
+ what the examples do.
+
+ ;; deletes the "Replace String" menu item created earlier
+ (delete-menu-item '("Edit" "Replace String"))
+
+ ;; deletes the "Bot" menu created earlier
+ (delete-menu-item '("Bot"))
+
+ ;; deletes the sub-menu "Copy File" created earlier
+ (delete-menu-item '("File" "File Management" "Copy File"))
+
+ ;; deletes the sub-menu "Delete File" created earlier
+ (delete-menu-item '("File" "Management" "Delete File"))
+
+ ;; deletes the sub-menu "Rename File" created earlier
+ (delete-menu-item '("File" "Management" "Rename File"))
+
+ 3. disable-menu-item: (MENU-NAME) Disables the specified menu item.
+ The following example
+
+ (disable-menu-item '("File" "Management" "Copy File"))
+
+ will make the Copy File item unselectable. This menu-item would
+ still be there but it will appear faded which would mean that it
+ cannot be selected.
+
+ 4. enable-menu-item: (MENU-NAME) Enables the specified previously
+ disabled menu item.
+
+ (enable-menu-item '("File" "Management" "Copy File"))
+
+ This will enable the sub-menu Copy File, which was disabled by the
+ earlier command.
+
+ 5. relabel-menu-item: (MENU-NAME NEW-NAME) Change the string of the
+ menu item specified by MENU-NAME to NEW-NAME.
+
+ (relabel-menu-item '("File" "Open...") "Open File")
+
+ This example will rename the Open... menu item from the File menu
+ to Open File.
+
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Help, Next: Modes, Prev: Customization Basics, Up: Top
+
+Help
+****
+
+XEmacs provides a comprehensive Help facility. On the extreme right of
+the menu-bar there is a Help menu. There are several help commands
+provided by this menu. You can also use `C-h' for invoking the Help
+facility. Type "?" for a list of keys you can type after typing `C-h'.
+If you want more information on what your options are and what kind of
+help you can get type "?" again. You will get a listing of all the keys
+you can type and what they will do. Initially if you want help, type
+`C-h' three times.
+
+* Menu:
+
+* The Help Menu:: Items on the Help menu
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: The Help Menu, Prev: Help, Up: Help
+
+Help menu
+=========
+
+When you click on the Help menu with any of the mouse buttons you will
+get the following menu items:
+
+Info
+ Selecting this item will take you to the Info page which is the
+ online documentation browsing system. You can simply click on the
+ highlighted items and "Info" will take you to the document
+ providing information about that topic.
+
+Describe Mode
+ After you select this item, you will get a documentation on the
+ major and minor modes which are enabled in the buffer you are
+ working with. *Note Modes::, for information on Modes.
+
+Hyper Apropos...
+ After you select this item, you will see the following message in
+ the echo area:
+
+ List symbols matching regexp:
+
+ If you type "mode" and hit <RET>, you will get a list of all the
+ symbols (like functions and commands). You can now get
+ documentation on any of the given symbols by "clicking" on any of
+ the symbols (i.e. drag your mouse on the appropriate symbol and
+ release the button). For example, if you "click" on the
+ 'auto-fill-mode' you will get the following message in the window
+ at the bottom:
+
+ auto-fill-mode
+
+ Function, Command:
+
+ Toggle auto-fill mode.
+ With arg, turn auto-fill mode on if and only if arg is positive.
+ In auto-fill mode, inserting a space at a column beyond `fill-column'
+ automatically breaks the line at a previous space.
+
+ Variable:
+
+ value = nil
+
+ variable not documented
+
+Command Apropos...
+ Selecting this item will prompt you for a string just like when you
+ select Hyper Apropos.... After you give a string name, you will get
+ a listing of all the functions and commands containing that string
+ name with a very short description about what that command does.
+
+Full Apropos...
+ After you select this item, you will be prompted for a string name
+ in the echo area:
+
+ Apropos (regexp):
+
+ Now you can give any string name, for example "mode" and hit
+ <RET>. You will get a listing of all the variables and commands
+ containing that string i.e "mode" with a short description of its
+ function.
+
+List Keybindings
+ Select this item and you will get a listing of all the keys and the
+ commands that they execute. Depending on which Major mode your
+ buffer is in, you will get a listing of the special keybindings
+ for that particular buffer also. For example, if you are in
+ "Texinfo" mode, part of your list will contain:
+
+ C-c C-c n texinfo-insert-@node
+ C-c C-c o texinfo-insert-@noindent
+ C-c C-c s texinfo-insert-@samp
+ C-c C-c t texinfo-insert-@table
+ C-c C-c v texinfo-insert-@var
+ C-c C-c x texinfo-insert-@example
+ C-c C-c { texinfo-insert-braces
+
+ These keybindings apply only to "Texinfo" mode. *Note Modes::, for
+ more information on various modes.
+
+Describe Key...
+ After you select this item, you will be see the following message
+ in the echo area:
+
+ Describe Key:
+ After you type a command key sequence, full documentation of that
+ command will be displayed. For example if you type `C-g', you will
+ see the following documentation for `C-g':
+
+ keyboard-quit:
+ Signal a `quit' condition.
+ This means that `C-g' will quit whatever command you gave earlier.
+
+Describe Function...
+ This menu item provides documentation for a function. After you
+ select this item, it will prompt you for a function name in the
+ echo area:
+
+ Describe function (default <some function name>):
+
+ If you hit <RET> without giving a function name, you will get
+ documentation for that default function name, otherwise if you
+ type a function name and hit <RET>, you will get documentation for
+ the given function.
+
+Describe Variable...
+ You can get documentation on any variable by selecting this menu
+ item. It is similar to Describe Function and will prompt you for a
+ variable name.
+
+Unix Manual...
+ After you select this item you will be prompted for a Unix command
+ for which you wish to see the man page. You will see the following
+ message in the echo area:
+
+ Manual entry: (default <some name>)
+
+ Now you can type any command, for example type `who' and press
+ <RET>. You will get the man page for the Unix command `who' which
+ lists who is on the system.
+
+Emacs Tutorial
+ Select this item and you will get a tutorial on Emacs. It is good
+ for new users.
+
+Emacs News
+ Select this item and you will get a lot of historical and current
+ news on Emacs !
+
+
+ For more information on the Help facility, *Note Help: (xemacs)Help.
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Modes, Next: Files, Prev: Help, Up: Top
+
+Major and Minor Modes
+*********************
+
+XEmacs is "language sensitive". It has several "major" and "minor"
+modes. The major modes customize Emacs to edit text of a particular
+sort. There are major modes for C, Lisp, Emacs Lisp, LaTeX, English
+etc. Within each major mode, certain functions and keys are redefined
+to "suit" that particular sort of text. The minor modes provide certain
+features which can be turned off or on at any time. Emacs can only be
+in one major mode at any time, but it can turn on several minor modes
+at the same time. After you have selected any major or minor mode, you
+can select Describe Mode from the Help menu and you will get
+documentation about those modes.
+
+* Menu:
+
+* Major Modes:: Choosing Major Modes
+* Minor Modes:: Auto-Fill, Abbrev and other minor modes
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Major Modes, Next: Minor Modes, Prev: Modes, Up: Modes
+
+Major Modes
+===========
+
+Emacs has several major modes which customize Emacs to edit text of
+various sorts. You can have only one major mode at any time. Within each
+major mode, Emacs redefines certain functions (like cursor movement,
+indentation and text killing) to suit the needs of the text being
+edited. When you are editing a specific type of text you should switch
+to the appropriate mode. If you are working with C code, you should
+switch to C mode; if you are working with Lisp code, then switch to lisp
+mode and if you are working with English text switch to Text mode.
+
+ When you open a file to work on, Emacs usually selects the
+appropriate mode. For example, if you open a file called `guide.c' then
+Emacs will select the C mode because of the ".c" extension of the file.
+To explicitly select a mode type the following command:
+
+ ;;; selects lisp mode
+ M-x lisp-mode
+
+ ;;; selects C mode
+ M-x c-mode
+
+To select any other mode, just add the major mode name before the
+'-mode'. The current mode in which you are in will be displayed in
+parenthesis in the mode-line at the bottom of the frame. All major
+modes have some special keybindings and you can get a listing of those
+keybindings by selecting List Keybindings from the Help menu on the
+menu bar.
+
+ Some of the available modes in XEmacs are :
+
+fundamental-mode
+ When you start XEmacs, usually you start with the default
+ "Fundamental" mode. This mode has no special definitions or
+ settings.
+
+nroff-mode
+ Use this mode when you have to format a text with nroff before it
+ can be available in readable form. It redefines some indentation
+ commands. *Note Nroff Mode: (xemacs)Nroff Mode, for information on
+ this mode.
+
+tex-mode
+ Use this mode if you are using the LaTeX text-formatter. It
+ provides commands for insertion of quotes, braces and other
+ characters. It also allows you to format the buffer for printing.
+ *Note TeX Mode: (xemacs)TeX Mode, for information on this mode.
+
+texinfo-mode
+ Texinfo is a documentation system that uses a single source file to
+ produce both printed output and on-line documentation. When you
+ use this mode, there will be some special keybindings for
+ inserting some characters and executing some commands.
+
+ This info file which you are reading right now is produced by
+ 'Texinfo'
+
+outline-mode
+ Use this mode for editing outlines. When you enable this mode, you
+ can make part of the text temporarily invisible so that you can
+ see the overall structure of the outline. *Note Outline Mode:
+ (xemacs)Outline Mode, for information on this mode.
+
+c-mode
+ Use this mode for C programs. It will redefine some indentation
+ commands. *Note C Indent: (xemacs)C Indent.
+
+lisp-mode
+ Use this mode for Lisp programs. Look at the XEmacs User's Manual
+ for more information.
+
+fortran-mode
+ Use this mode for Fortran programs. This mode provides special
+ commands to move around and some other indentation commands. For
+ more information on this mode, *Note Fortran: (xemacs)Fortran.
+
+edit-picture
+ This is the picture mode which you can use to create a picture out
+ of text characters. *Note Picture: (xemacs)Picture, for more
+ information.
+
+asm-mode
+ Use asm-mode for editing files of assembler code. Look at the file
+ ` /usr/local/lib/xemacs-VERSION/lisp/modes/asm.el' for more
+ information.
+
+
+ There are some other modes and commands for working with other kinds
+of text or programs. Emacs also provides commands for reading and
+sending Mail. For more information on these features look at the XEmacs
+Manual. Emacs also provides the functions of a desk calendar, with a
+diary of past or planned events. For more information on the calendar
+mode look at the manual for Calendar Mode and Diary.
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Minor Modes, Prev: Major Modes, Up: Modes
+
+Minor Modes
+===========
+
+The minor modes in Emacs provide some optional features which you can
+turn on or off. Any number of minor modes can be active at the same time
+with any major mode. You can enable a minor mode in one buffer and
+disable it in other mode. To enable a minor mode, for example the
+font-lock mode type the following command:
+
+ M-x font-lock-mode
+
+To enable the other minor modes, replace the "font-lock" with the name
+of the minor mode. To disable the mode type the command again. A
+positive argument will always turn the mode on. Whenever you type this
+command, it will turn the mode on if it was off, OR it will turn it off
+if it was on i.e. it toggles. Look at the mode-line at the bottom of the
+frame. If it says FLock in parentheses, then it means that this mode is
+on, otherwise it is off.
+
+ The following are some of the minor modes available in XEmacs. To
+enable any one of them type "M-x" in front of them.
+
+font-lock-mode
+ You can also choose this mode by selecting the Syntax Highlighting
+ menu item from the Options menu on the menu-bar at the top. If you
+ wish to have this mode enabled permanently, choose Save Options
+ from the Options menu. *Note Options Menu::, for more information
+ on the Options menu. You can also add statements in your
+ `init.el' file. For each major mode in which you wish to enable
+ this minor mode, you need a statement in your `init.el' file. The
+ following example shows how to enable the font-lock mode when the
+ major mode is c-mode.
+
+ (add-hook 'c-mode-hook 'turn-on-font-lock)
+
+ *Note Other Customizations::.
+
+ When you enable this mode, the text will be displayed in different
+ colors and fonts depending on the type of the text. This makes the
+ text very easy to read and understand. For example, comments might
+ be displayed in red, variables in black, functions in blue and
+ other keywords in different colors and fonts. When you select More
+ from the Syntax Highlighting option, you get very detailed display
+ of colors and fonts; function names within comments themselves
+ might appear in a different font and color.
+
+auto-fill-mode
+ Enabling this mode will provide automatic word-wrapping. The <SPC>
+ key will break lines i.e. insert newlines as you type to prevent
+ lines from becoming too long.
+
+overwrite-mode
+ When you enable this mode, the text that you type will replace the
+ existing text rather than moving it to the right (the default
+ case). You can enable this mode by selecting Overstrike menu-item
+ from the Options menu from the menu-bar.
+
+abbrev-mode
+ After you enable this mode, you can define words which will expand
+ into some different text i.e. you can define abbreviations. For
+ example, you might define "expand" to "expand will eventually
+ expand to this text". After this definition you will be able to
+ get "expand will eventually expand to this text" simply by typing
+
+ expand <SPC>
+
+ *Note Abbrevs: (xemacs)Abbrevs, for more information on this mode
+ and on defining abbreviations.
+
+auto-save-mode
+ After you enable this mode in a buffer, the contents of that
+ buffer will be saved periodically. This will reduce the amount you
+ might lose in case of a system crash.
+
+line-number-mode
+ After you enable this mode, the line number at which your cursor is
+ present will be displayed continuously in the mode line.
+
+blink-paren
+ To enable this command, just type
+ M-x blink-paren
+
+ Do not add the "-mode" to it. You can also select the Paren
+ Highlighting option from the Options menu. After you enable this
+ command, put your cursor on one of the left parenthesis. The other
+ matching parenthesis will start blinking. *Note Options Menu::,
+ for more information on the Paren Highlighting option.
+
+ For information on some other modes, look at the XEmacs User's Manual
+and the associated files.
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Files, Next: Other Customizations, Prev: Modes, Up: Top
+
+Files
+*****
+
+The basic unit of stored data in Unix is the "file". To edit a file,
+you must tell Emacs to read the file into a buffer. This is called
+"visiting" the file. You can now edit the buffer and to save the
+changes you must write the buffer back to the file.
+
+ In addition to visiting and saving files, Emacs can delete, copy,
+rename, and append to files, and operate on file directories.
+
+* Menu:
+
+* File Names:: How to type and edit file name arguments.
+* Visiting:: Visiting a file prepares Emacs to edit the file.
+* Saving Files:: How to save Emacs files.
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: File Names, Next: Visiting, Prev: Files, Up: Files
+
+File Names
+==========
+
+Most of the Emacs commands that operate on a file require you to
+specify a file name. For example, you might specify the file name
+initially when you enter Emacs :
+
+ xemacs myfile RET
+
+After you hit <RET>, you will enter XEmacs with "myfile" read into the
+current buffer. If you do not specify the filename when entering Emacs,
+you can use the Open... option from the File menu. You will be prompted
+for a filename in the echo area:
+
+ Find file: /usr/workspace/
+
+Type in a file name which you want to open after the "/" and hit <RET>.
+The specified file will be read into the current buffer. The
+"/usr/workspace" might be the "default directory". When Emacs prompts
+you for a file, it uses the default-directory unless you specify a
+directory. You can see what the default directory of the current buffer
+is by using the Describe Variable option from the Help menu. When Emacs
+prompts you for the variable name to describe, type
+`default-directory'. If you wish to open a file in some other
+directory, use <DEL> or the <BackSpace> key to go back and type the
+path name of the new directory.
+
+ You can create a new directory by typing `M-x make-directory'. This
+command will prompt you for a directory name:
+
+ Create directory: /usr/workspace/
+
+After you type a directory name and press <RET>, a new directory with
+the specified name will be created. If you do not wish to create a new
+directory, then simply press `C-g' to quit the command. Similarly, you
+can also remove a directory by using the command `remove-directory'.
+The command `M-x pwd' will print the current buffer's default
+directory. For more information on file names, *Note File Names:
+(xemacs)File Names.
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Visiting, Next: Saving Files, Prev: File Names, Up: Files
+
+Visiting Files
+==============
+
+To edit a file in Emacs you need to "visit" it. "Visiting" a file means
+copying its contents (or reading them) into the current buffer. Emacs
+will create a new buffer for each file that you visit. The buffer will
+be named after the file that you open. If you open a file
+`/usr/workspace/myfile.texinfo', the buffer will be called
+"myfile.texinfo". If a buffer with this name already exists, a unique
+name will be constructed by appending `<2>', `<3>', etc. If this is the
+second buffer with the same name, a "<2>" will be appended, "<3>" for a
+third buffer and so on. The name of the buffer which is being displayed
+in the window will be shown both at the top and bottom of the frame.
+Once you are in XEmacs, you can use the following commands:
+
+`C-x C-f'
+ This command will visit a file (`find-file'). It will prompt you
+ for a file name to visit. The Open... option from the File menu
+ does the same thing:
+
+ Find file: /usr/workspace/
+
+ Type in a filename and press <RET>. You will see a new buffer on
+ the screen with its name in the mode-line. If the filename you
+ specify already exists in Emacs, the buffer containing that file
+ will be selected. You will get an error message if the filename
+ does not exist. If you still press <RET>, a new buffer with the
+ given filename will be displayed on the screen.
+
+`C-x C-v'
+ This command (`find-alternate-file'), will visit a different file
+ instead of the one visited last. It is similar to `C-c C-f' except
+ that it kills the current buffer (after offering to save it).
+
+`C-x 5 C-f'
+ This command will visit a file in another frame
+ (`find-file-other-frame') without changing the current window or
+ frame. The Open in New Frame... from the File menu will do the
+ same thing. It will prompt you for a file name in the echo area.
+ After you type the file name and press <RET>, the specified file
+ will be read into a new buffer and displayed on a new frame.
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Saving Files, Prev: Visiting, Up: Files
+
+Saving Files
+============
+
+The changes that you make after visiting a file will not be saved
+unless you save the buffer. When you save the buffer, Emacs writes the
+current contents of the buffer into the visited file. Some commands to
+save buffers are:
+
+`C-x C-s'
+ This command will permanently save the current buffer in its
+ visited file (`save-buffer'). You will see the following message
+ in the echo area if you save a file called "myfile.texinfo" :
+
+ Wrote /usr/workspace/myfile.texinfo
+
+ Try using this command twice. You will get the above message the
+ first time you use this command, the second time you will get the
+ following message:
+
+ (No changes need to be saved)
+
+ This message indicates that you haven't made any changes since the
+ last time you saved the file.
+
+`C-x s'
+ This command will save all the buffers in their visited files
+ (`save-some-buffers'). It will prompt you for typing yes or no:
+
+ Save file /usr/workspace/myfile.texinfo? (y or n)
+
+ You will get the above message for all the buffers. Type "y" if
+ you want to save the buffer.
+
+`C-x C-w'
+ This command will prompt you for a file name and save the current
+ buffer in that file. (`write-file'). You will see the following
+ message in the echo area:
+
+ Write file: /usr/workspace/
+
+ After you type in a file name, press <RET>. The buffer will be
+ saved in a new file. You can make copies of a particular file
+ using this command.
+
+ You can also undo all the changes made since the file was visited or
+saved by reading the text from the file again (called "reverting"). For
+more information on this option, *Note Reverting: (xemacs)Reverting.
+
+ When you save a file in Emacs, it destroys its old contents. However,
+if you set the variable `make-backup-files' to non-`nil' i.e. `t',
+Emacs will create a "backup" file. Select the Describe variable option
+from the Help menu and look at the documentation for this variable. Its
+default value should be `t'. However, if its not then use `M-x
+set-variable' to set it to `t' (*note Setting Variables::). The backup
+file will contain the contents from the last time you visited the file.
+Emacs also provides options for creating numbered backups. For more
+information on backups, *Note Backup: (xemacs)Backup.
+
+ Emacs also saves all the files from time to time so that in case of a
+system crash you don't lose lot of your work. You will see the message
+`Auto-saving...' displayed in the echo area when the buffer is being
+saved automatically. The auto saved files are named by putting the
+character `#' in front and back. For example a file called
+"myfile.texinfo" would be named as `#myfile.texinfo#'. For information
+on controlling auto-saving and recovering data from auto-saving, *Note
+Auto Save Files: (xemacs)Auto Save Files.
+
+ Emacs provides protection from simultaneous editing which occurs if
+two users are visiting the same file and trying to save their changes.
+It will put a lock on a file which is being visited and modified. If
+any other user tries to modify that file, it will inform the user about
+the lock and provide some options. For more information on protection
+against simultaneous editing, *Note Interlocking: (xemacs)Interlocking.
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Other Customizations, Next: Select and Move, Prev: Files, Up: Top
+
+Other Customizations
+********************
+
+You can modify the behavior of Emacs in minor ways permanently by
+putting your changes in your `init.el' file. This file contains Lisp
+function call expressions. Each of these expressions will consist of a
+function name followed by arguments, all surrounded by parentheses. For
+example, to turn on the auto-fill-mode (i.e. break lines automatically
+when they become too long) , put the following line in your `init.el'
+file:
+
+ (add-hook 'text-mode-hook
+ '(lambda() (auto-fill-mode 1)))
+
+Emacs has a function named "turn-on-auto-fill" which is defined as
+"(lambda() (auto-fill-mode 1))". Therefore you can also write the above
+as:
+
+ (add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'turn-on-auto-fill)
+
+Emacs provides a number of hooks for the sake of customization. The hook
+variables contain list of functions to be called with no arguments. To
+turn on the auto-fill-mode, add the appropriate hook as shown in the
+example above.
+
+ Similarly, to enable the "font-lock mode" which displays your
+program in different fonts and colors(*note Modes::), put the following
+in your `init.el' file. The comments above the statement explain what
+the statements do.
+
+ ;;; enables the font-lock-mode in Lisp Mode
+ (add-hook 'lisp-mode-hook 'turn-on-font-lock)
+
+ ;;; enables the font-lock-mode in Texinfo Mode
+ (add-hook 'texinfo-mode-hook 'turn-on-font-lock)
+
+ ;;; enables the font-lock mode in C Mode
+ (add-hook 'c-mode-hook 'turn-on-font-lock)
+
+ To turn on the font-lock mode in other Major Modes like emacs-lisp,
+just put the name of the mode with "-hook" appended to it as the middle
+parameter in the above examples. You can also select the color that the
+functions, comments or other keywords should be displayed in :
+
+ ;;; the function names will now be displayed in blue color
+ (set-face-foreground 'font-lock-function-name-face "blue")
+
+ ;;; the comments will be displayed in forest green
+ (set-face-foreground 'font-lock-comment-face "forest green")
+
+For other customizations regarding the font-lock face, look at the file
+`/usr/local/lib/xemacs-VERSION/etc/sample.init.el'.
+
+* Menu:
+
+* Setting Variables:: Customizing Emacs variables
+* Init File:: Some examples of Lisp expressions in
+ init.el file
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Setting Variables, Next: Init File, Prev: Other Customizations, Up: Other Customizations
+
+Other Customizations
+====================
+
+In XEmacs, "variables" are used for internal record-keeping and
+customizations. There are some variables called "options" which you can
+use for customizations. To examine a variable use:
+
+ ;;; print the value and documentation of the variable, use either of the
+ ;;; following commands
+ C-h v
+ M-x describe variable
+
+ After you type any of the above commands, you will be prompted for a
+variable name in the "echo area". Type in the name of the variable, for
+example, type `case-fold-search' <RET> Your window will split into two
+and you will see the following message in that window:
+
+ case-fold-search's value is t
+ This value is specific to the current buffer.
+
+ Documentation:
+ *Non-nil if searches should ignore case.
+ Automatically becomes buffer-local when set in any fashion.
+
+Since this variable's value is 't' searches will ignore case. If you
+want case-sensitive-search (i.e. if you are searching for "Foo" and you
+do not want "foo" to be included in the search, you need to set this
+variable to "nil". In order to do that, use:
+
+ M-x set-variable
+
+Emacs will prompt you for the variable which you wish to set. Type in
+"case-fold-search" and hit <RET>. You will see the following message:
+
+ Set case-fold-search to value:
+
+Type "nil" and hit <RET>. Now if you again use `M-x describe variable'
+, you will see that the new value of case-fold-search will be "nil" and
+your searches will be case-sensitive. This will be effective only for
+that Emacs session. If you want to change the value of a variable
+permanently put the following statement in your `init.el' file :
+
+ (setq case-fold-search nil)
+
+This statement will make searches case-sensitive only in the current
+buffer which is the `init.el' file. This will not be very useful. To
+make searches case-sensitive globally in all buffers, use:
+
+ (setq-default case-fold-search nil)
+
+ If you want to change the value of any other variable, use :
+
+ (setq <variable-name> <new value>)
+
+"setq" will assign the "new value" to the "variable-name" .
+
+ If you want a list of the "options" i.e. the variables available for
+customization type:
+
+
+ ;;; displays a buffer listing names, values and documentation of options
+ M-x list-options
+
+ ;;; displays options and allows you to edit those list of options
+ M-x edit-options
+
+Try these options. If you are using edit-options to edit a variable,
+just point at the variable you wish to edit and use one of the following
+commands:
+
+1
+ Set the value of the variable to t (non-nil).
+
+0
+ Set the value of the variable to nil.
+
+n
+ Move to the next variable.
+
+p
+ Move to the previous variable.
+
+ There are some other options available to make the value of a
+variable local to a buffer and then to switch to its global value. You
+can also have a "local variables list" in a file which specifies the
+values to use for certain Emacs variables when you edit that file.
+*Note Variables: (xemacs)Variables, for information on these options.
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Init File, Prev: Setting Variables, Up: Other Customizations
+
+Init File Examples
+==================
+
+For customizing Emacs, you need to put Lisp expressions in your
+`init.el' file. The following are some useful Lisp expressions. If you
+find any of them useful, just type them in your `init.el' file:
+
+ * The following expression will make <TAB> in C mode insert a real
+ tab character if the cursor or point is in the middle of the line.
+ Now hitting the <TAB> key will indent a line only if the cursor is
+ at the left margin or in the line's indentation:
+
+ (setq c-tab-always-indent nil)
+
+ The value of the variable `c-tab-always-indent' is usually `t' for
+ `true'. When this variable is true, then hitting the <TAB> key
+ always indents the current line.
+
+ * This expression will turn on the AUTO-FILL-MODE when you are in
+ text mode:
+
+ (setq text-mode-hook 'turn-on-auto-fill)
+
+ This mode will automatically break lines when you type a space so
+ that the lines don't become too long. The length of the lines is
+ controlled by the variable `fill-column'. You can set this
+ variable to a value you wish. Look at the documentation for this
+ variable to see its default value. To change the value to 75 for
+ example, use:
+
+ (setq-default fill-column 75)
+
+ This will change the value of this variable globally.
+
+ * The following expression will enable the use of EVAL-EXPRESSION
+ without confirmation:
+
+ (put 'eval-expression 'disabled nil)
+
+ Now when you use EVAL-EXPRESSION, it will print the value of the
+ expression you specify in the "echo area" without confirming with
+ you.
+
+ * This expression will remove the binding of `C-x C-c', because its
+ easy to hit this key by mistake and you will exit Emacs
+ unintentionally. You can use the Exit Emacs option from the File
+ menu to exit Emacs.
+
+ (global-set-key "\C-x\C-c" nil)
+
+ Now if you type `C-x C-c', you won't exit Emacs.
+
+ * The following expression will make the <BACKSPACE> and the <DEL>
+ key work in the same manner:
+
+ (global-set-key 'backspace [delete])
+
+ * This expression will make searches case sensitive:
+
+ (setq-default case-fold-search nil)
+
+ If we use "setq" instead of "setq-default" then searches will be
+ case-sensitive only in the current buffer's local value. In this
+ case the buffer would be the `init.el' file. Since this would not
+ be too helpful and we want to have case-sensitive searches in all
+ buffers, we have to use "setq-default".
+
+ * This expression will enable the font-lock mode when you are using
+ texinfo mode:
+
+ (add-hook 'texinfo-mode-hook 'turn-on-font-lock)
+
+ *Note Minor Modes::, for information on font-lock mode.
+
+ * Rebinds the key `C-x l' to run the function `make-symbolic-link':
+
+ (global-set-key "\C-xl" 'make-symbolic-link)
+
+ We use the single quote before "make-symbolic-link" because its a
+ function name. You can also use the following expression which
+ does the same thing:
+
+ (define-key global-map "C-xl" 'make-symbolic-link)
+
+ * The following expression will bind `C-x l' to run the function
+ `make-symbolic-link' in C mode only:
+
+ (define-key c-mode-map "C-xl" 'make-symbolic-link)
+
+ Instead of binding `C-xl' to run `make-symbolic-link', you can
+ bind the <F1> key to run this function:
+
+ (define-key c-mode-map 'f1 'make-symbolic-link)
+
+ Here, you have to use lower case for naming function keys like
+ <F1>.
+
+ * You can bind the function `undo' i.e. `C-x u' to any key, for
+ example to <F2>:
+
+ (global-set-key 'f2 'undo)
+
+ * The following statement will display the current time in the
+ modeline of the buffer:
+
+ (display-time)
+
+ * This displays the current line number on which the cursor is
+ present in the modeline:
+
+ (setq line-number-mode t)
+
+ * If you don't want the text to be highlighted when you use commands
+ for marking regions so as to use the "kill" and "yank" commands
+ later, you can use the following expression in your `init.el' file:
+
+ (setq zmacs-regions nil)
+
+ Now if you use a command like `C-x C-p' (`mark-page'), the text
+ will not be highlighted.
+
+ * To control the number of buffers listed when you select the Buffers
+ menu, you need to set the variable `buffers-menu-max-size' to
+ whatever value you wish. For example, if you want 20 buffers to be
+ listed when you select Buffers use:
+
+ (setq buffers-menu-max-size 20)
+
+ * If you want the window title area to display the full
+ directory/name of the current buffer's file, and not just the
+ name, use:
+
+ (setq frame-title-format "%S: %f")
+
+ * To get rid of the menu, use :
+
+ (set-menubar nil)
+
+ * If you want an extensive menu-bar use the following expression in
+ your `init.el' file.
+
+ (load "big-menubar")
+
+ If you want to write your own menus, you can look at some of the
+ examples in
+ `/usr/local/lib/xemacs/xemacs-packages/lisp/edit-utils/big-menubar.el'
+ file.
+
+
+ For more information on initializing your `init.el' file, *Note Init
+File: (xemacs)Init File. You should also look at
+`/usr/local/lib/xemacs-VERSION/etc/sample.init.el', which is a sample
+`init.el' file. It contains some of the commonly desired customizations
+in Emacs.
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Select and Move, Next: Search and Replace, Prev: Other Customizations, Up: Top
+
+Selecting and Moving Text
+*************************
+
+Many Emacs commands operate on an arbitrary contiguous part of the
+current buffer. You can select some part of the buffer and edit only
+that part of the buffer. This selected buffer is called a "region". You
+can select text in two ways:
+
+ * You use special keys to select text by defining a region between
+ the cursor and "the mark" (which you set).
+
+ * If you are running XEmacs under X, you can also select text with
+ the mouse.
+
+* Menu:
+
+* Selecting Text:: Select a region of text by setting the Mark
+* Mouse:: Selecting Text with Mouse
+* Region Operation:: Various ways to operate on a selected text
+* Moving Text:: Moving Text
+* Accumulating text:: Accumulating Text from several buffers
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Selecting Text, Next: Mouse, Prev: Select and Move, Up: Select and Move
+
+Setting the Mark
+================
+
+To define a region you need to set "the mark" at one end of it and move
+the cursor to the other end. Once you set the mark, it remains there
+until you set it again to some other place. Each buffer has its own
+"mark ring" (a place where Emacs remembers 16 previous locations of the
+mark). To set "the mark", you can use the following commands:
+
+`C-<SPC>'
+ This command will set "the mark" at the position of your cursor
+ (`set-mark-command'). You can move your cursor around and "the
+ mark" will stay there.
+
+`C-x C-x'
+ Interchange mark and point (`exchange-point-and-mark'). Since Emacs
+ will have only one cursor, after you move the cursor it will be
+ unable to show you where you set the "the mark". In order to see
+ "the mark" you can type the command `C-x C-x' which will put your
+ cursor on the position of your mark and your mark on the position
+ of your cursor. Use the command again to reset the positions of
+ your cursor and mark.
+
+`C-<'
+ This command will push the mark at the beginning of the buffer
+ without changing the position of your cursor.
+
+`C->'
+ This command will push the mark at the end of the buffer without
+ changing the position of your cursor.
+
+You can also give arguments to `C-<' or `C->'. *Note The Mark and the
+Region: (xemacs)The Mark and the Region, for more information.
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Mouse, Next: Region Operation, Prev: Selecting Text, Up: Select and Move
+
+Selecting Text with Mouse
+=========================
+
+If you are using XEmacs under X, you can use the mouse to select text.
+The selected text will always be highlighted, so just by looking at the
+text you know what you have selected so far. To select a word just
+double-click with the left-mouse-button on the word. To select a whole
+line triple-click anywhere on the line with the left-mouse-button. You
+can also use the Copy item from the Edit menu on the menu-bar to select
+text. This kind of selection is called Clipboard selection, *Note X
+Clipboard Selection: (xemacs)X Clipboard Selection, for more
+information. To select an arbitrary region, follow these steps:
+
+ 1. Move the mouse cursor over the character at the beginning of the
+ region of text you want to select.
+
+ 2. Press and hold the left mouse button.
+
+ 3. While holding the left mouse button down, drag the cursor to the
+ character at the end of the region of text you want to select.
+
+ 4. Release the left mouse button.
+ The selected region of text is highlighted.
+
+ *Note Selecting Text with the Mouse: (xemacs)Selecting Text with the
+Mouse, for more information regarding the Mouse and additional mouse
+operations.
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Region Operation, Next: Moving Text, Prev: Mouse, Up: Select and Move
+
+Operating on the Region
+=======================
+
+Once you have selected a region you can do a lot of things to the text
+in the region:
+ * Kill the text with `C-w'. For example if you want to kill a
+ paragraph, position the cursor to the beginning of the paragraph
+ and type `C-SPC'. Then go to the end of the paragraph and type
+ `C-w'. The entire paragraph will be deleted. You can also select
+ the text with a mouse and type `C-w' to kill the entire region.
+ *Note Killing: (xemacs)Killing, for more information.
+
+ * Save the text in a buffer or a file (*note Accumulating Text:
+ (xemacs)Accumulating Text.).
+
+ * You can convert the case of the text with `C-x C-l' or `C-x C-u'
+ If you type `C-x C-u' the selected text will become all
+ upper-case. If you type `C-x C-l' the selected text will become all
+ lower-case.
+
+ * Print hardcopy with `M-x print-region'. *Note Hardcopy:
+ (xemacs)Hardcopy, for more information. This command will print a
+ hardcopy of only the selected text.
+
+ * Indent it with `C-x <TAB>' or `C-M-\' *Note Indentation:
+ (xemacs)Indentation, for more information.
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Moving Text, Next: Accumulating text, Prev: Region Operation, Up: Select and Move
+
+Moving Text
+===========
+
+The most common way to move or copy text in Emacs is through "killing"
+or `cutting' it and then "yanking" or `pasting' it. You can also use
+the Cut or Copy option from the Edit menu for killing and copying
+respectively. *Note Edit menu::, for reviewing the commands for killing
+text. All the killed text in Emacs is recorded in the "kill ring".
+Since there is only one kill ring in Emacs, you can kill text in one
+buffer and yank it in another buffer. To `paste' or `yank' the killed
+text you can use the following commands:
+`C-y'
+ This command will yank or paste the last killed text (`yank').
+
+`M-w'
+ Save region as last killed text without actually killing it
+ (`copy-region-as-kill'). You can use this command to copy a
+ selected region and then yank (or paste) it without actually
+ removing it from the buffer.
+
+`C-M-w'
+ Append next kill to last batch of killed text
+ (`append-next-kill'). This command will append whatever you killed
+ last to what you kill now. Then later you will be able to yank the
+ entire appended text from the "kill ring".
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Accumulating text, Prev: Moving Text, Up: Select and Move
+
+Accumulating Text
+=================
+
+The following commands can be used for accumulating text from different
+buffers into one place or for copying one region of text into many
+buffers:
+
+`M-x append-to-buffer'
+ Append region to contents of specified buffer
+ (`append-to-buffer'). After you type in this command and press
+ <RET>, Emacs will prompt you for a buffer name. You will see a
+ message in the echo area:
+ Append to buffer: (default <buffer name>)
+
+ After you type in a buffer name, a copy of the region will be
+ inserted at the location of the cursor into that buffer. If there
+ is no buffer with the name given by you, Emacs will create a new
+ buffer with that name. By default the cursor's position in the
+ <buffer name> is at the end.
+
+`M-x prepend-to-buffer'
+ Prepend region to contents of specified buffer. This command is
+ similar to the above command except that the cursor in the buffer
+ (by default) is at the beginning rather than at the end.
+
+`M-x copy-to-buffer'
+ Copy region into specified buffer, deleting that buffer's old
+ contents. This command will also prompt you for a buffer name.
+
+`M-x insert-buffer'
+ Insert contents of specified buffer into current buffer at point.
+ This command will prompt you for a buffer name which you want to
+ be copied into the current buffer at the location of the cursor.
+
+`M-x append-to-file'
+ This command will prompt you for a filename and append the region
+ to the end of the contents of the specified file.
+
+*Note Accumulating Text: (xemacs)Accumulating Text, for more
+information regarding this topic.
+
+ You can also use "rectangle commands" for operating on rectangular
+areas of text. *Note Rectangles: (xemacs)Rectangles, for more
+information regarding rectangle commands.
+
+ Emacs also provides "registers" which serve as temporary storage for
+text or positions. Each register has a one character name and they can
+store "regions", a "rectangle", or a "mark" i.e. a cursor position.
+Whatever you store in register stays there until you store something
+else in that register. To find out about commands which manipulate
+registers *Note Registers: (xemacs)Registers.
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Search and Replace, Prev: Select and Move, Up: Top
+
+Searching and Replacing
+***********************
+
+Emacs provides commands for searching for occurrences of a particular
+string. The search is incremental i.e. it begins even before you
+complete typing the whole string. All searches in Emacs ignore the case
+of the text they are searching, i.e. if you are searching for "String",
+then "string" will also be one of the selections. If you want a case
+sensitive search select the Case Sensitive Search from the Option menu.
+You can also set the variable `case-fold-search' to `nil' for making
+searches case-sensitive. For information on setting variables, *Note
+Setting Variables::. The two commands for searching for strings in
+XEmacs are:
+
+`C-s'
+ This command will prompt you for a string to search :
+
+ I-search:
+
+ If you type "myname" as the string to be searched, then Emacs will
+ start searching for "m", "my", "myn", etc as you go on typing the
+ whole string in the forward direction. The cursor will be on the
+ matching string which has been found so far. If you find the
+ correct match just hit <RET> or type `C-f' or `C-b' to set the
+ cursor's position. If you find a matching string "myname" but you
+ were looking for a different occurrence of it, use `C-s' again. If
+ the search is unable to find the string, it will give you an error
+ message.
+
+`C-r'
+ This command will perform an incremental search in the backward
+ direction. It will prompt you for a string name:
+
+ I-search backward:
+
+ After you start typing the string name, it will search for the
+ string in the same fashion as it does for `C-s' except that it
+ will search in the backward direction. If it cannot find the
+ string name, it will give you an error message.
+
+ If you make a mistake while typing the string names when you use the
+above commands, you can use the <DEL> key to erase characters. Each
+<DEL> will erase the last character. At any time if you want to quit
+the search, just type `C-g'.
+
+ To do a non-incremental search i.e. to start the search only after
+you have typed the whole string you can use the following commands:
+
+`C-s RET "string" RET'
+ This command will search for the specified string in the forward
+ direction and will give an error message if the string is not
+ found.
+
+`C-r RET "string" RET'
+ This command will search for the specified string in the backward
+ direction.
+
+ For information on how Emacs searches for words and regular
+expressions, *Note Search: (xemacs)Search.
+
+ To replace all occurrences of a string in Emacs, you can use the
+following command:
+ M-x replace-string
+
+After you type `M-x replace-string', you will be prompted for a string
+name to replace:
+
+ Replace string:
+
+After you type in a string name, for example "FOO" and press <RET>, you
+will see another prompt:
+
+ Replace string FOO with:
+
+Now type the string which you want to replace "FOO" with and press
+<RET>. After all the occurrences are replaced you will see the message
+"Done" in the echo area. If you want only some occurrences of the
+string to be replaced, use `M-x query-replace RET <string> RET
+<newstring> RET'. For more information, *Note Query Replace:
+(xemacs)Query Replace.
+
+ XEmacs also provides a utility for checking spellings. Use `M-x
+ispell-buffer' to check for spellings in the whole buffer. You can also
+check the spelling of a word or a region. You can use menus to check
+for spellings:
+
+Evaluate the expression `(load "big-menubar")'. To evaluate this
+expression you need to hit the <META> or the <ESC> key twice and type
+in the expression in the echo area before hitting <RET>. You will get
+an extensive menubar. Select the Spell Check menu item from the
+Utilities menu for checking spellings.
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Key Index, Next: Command Index, Prev: Intro, Up: Top
+
+Key (Character) Index
+*********************
+
+* Menu:
+
+* C-<: Selecting Text.
+* C->: Selecting Text.
+* C-a: Cursor Position.
+* C-b: Cursor Position.
+* C-d: Erase.
+* C-e: Cursor Position.
+* C-fx: Cursor Position.
+* C-g: The Help Menu.
+* C-h d: The Help Menu.
+* C-h k: The Help Menu.
+* C-h t: Edit.
+* C-k: Erase.
+* C-M-\: Region Operation.
+* C-n: Cursor Position.
+* C-p: Cursor Position.
+* C-r: Search and Replace.
+* C-s: Search and Replace.
+* C-SPC <1>: Region Operation.
+* C-SPC: Selecting Text.
+* C-t: Cursor Position.
+* C-u: Numeric Argument.
+* C-v: Cursor Position.
+* C-w: Region Operation.
+* C-x 0: XEmacs Window.
+* C-x 1: XEmacs Window.
+* C-x 2: XEmacs Window.
+* C-x 3: XEmacs Window.
+* C-x 4: XEmacs Window.
+* C-x 4 b: XEmacs Window.
+* C-x 4 d: XEmacs Window.
+* C-x 4 f: XEmacs Window.
+* C-x 4 m: XEmacs Window.
+* C-x 5 C-f: Visiting.
+* C-x C-c: Exiting.
+* C-x C-f: Visiting.
+* C-x C-l: Region Operation.
+* C-x C-s: Saving Files.
+* C-x C-u: Region Operation.
+* C-x C-v: Visiting.
+* C-x C-w: Saving Files.
+* C-x C-x: Selecting Text.
+* C-x s: Saving Files.
+* C-x TAB: Region Operation.
+* C-x u: Undo.
+* C-y: Moving Text.
+* C-z: Exiting.
+* DEL: Insert.
+* M--: Numeric Argument.
+* M-<: Cursor Position.
+* M->: Cursor Position.
+* M-C-v: XEmacs Window.
+* M-d: Erase.
+* M-DEL: Erase.
+* M-k: Erase.
+* M-v: Cursor Position.
+* M-z: Erase.
+* RET: Insert.
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Command Index, Next: Variable Index, Prev: Key Index, Up: Top
+
+Command and Function Index
+**************************
+
+* Menu:
+
+* add-menu-item: Customizing Menus.
+* append-to-buffer: Accumulating text.
+* append-to-file: Accumulating text.
+* auto-fill-mode <1>: Minor Modes.
+* auto-fill-mode: Insert.
+* backward-char: Cursor Position.
+* backward-kill-word: Erase.
+* backward-word: Cursor Position.
+* beginning-of-buffer: Cursor Position.
+* beginning-of-line: Cursor Position.
+* copy-to-buffer: Accumulating text.
+* delete-backward-char: Erase.
+* delete-char: Erase.
+* delete-menu-item: Customizing Menus.
+* delete-other-windows <1>: XEmacs Window.
+* delete-other-windows: Windows and Menus.
+* delete-window <1>: XEmacs Window.
+* delete-window: Windows and Menus.
+* describe-variable: Setting Variables.
+* dired-other-window: XEmacs Window.
+* disable-menu-item: Customizing Menus.
+* edit-options: Setting Variables.
+* enable-menu-item: Customizing Menus.
+* end-of-buffer: Cursor Position.
+* end-of-line: Cursor Position.
+* eval-expression: Init File.
+* eval-region: Customization Basics.
+* exchange-point-and-mark: Selecting Text.
+* find-alternate-file: Visiting.
+* find-file: Visiting.
+* find-file-other-frame: Visiting.
+* find-file-other-window: XEmacs Window.
+* forward-char: Cursor Position.
+* forward-word: Cursor Position.
+* goto-char: Cursor Position.
+* goto-line: Cursor Position.
+* help-with-tutorial: Edit.
+* isearch-backward: Search and Replace.
+* isearch-forward: Search and Replace.
+* kill-line: Erase.
+* kill-sentence: Erase.
+* kill-word: Erase.
+* list-options: Setting Variables.
+* mail-other-window: XEmacs Window.
+* make-directory: File Names.
+* make-symbolic-link: Customizing key Bindings.
+* mark-beginning-of-buffer: Selecting Text.
+* mark-end-of-buffer: Selecting Text.
+* next-line: Cursor Position.
+* prepend-to-buffer: Accumulating text.
+* previous-line: Cursor Position.
+* print-region: Region Operation.
+* relabel-menu-items: Customizing Menus.
+* remove-directory: File Names.
+* replace-string: Search and Replace.
+* save-buffer: Saving Files.
+* save-buffers-kill-emacs: Exiting.
+* save-some-buffers: Saving Files.
+* scroll-other-window <1>: XEmacs Window.
+* scroll-other-window: Windows and Menus.
+* set-mark-command: Selecting Text.
+* set-variable: Setting Variables.
+* split-window-horizontally: XEmacs Window.
+* split-window-vertically: XEmacs Window.
+* suspend-emacs: Exiting.
+* switch-to-buffer-other-window: XEmacs Window.
+* transpose-chars: Cursor Position.
+* write file: Saving Files.
+* yank: Moving Text.
+* zap-to-char: Erase.
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Variable Index, Next: Concept Index, Prev: Command Index, Up: Top
+
+Variable Index
+**************
+
+* Menu:
+
+* buffers-menu-max-size: Init File.
+* case-fold-search: Search and Replace.
+* default-directory: File Names.
+* display-time: Init File.
+* fill-column: Init File.
+* frame-title-format: Init File.
+* make-backup-files: Saving Files.
+* zmacs-regions: Init File.
+
+\1f
+File: new-users-guide.info, Node: Concept Index, Next: Entering, Prev: Variable Index, Up: Top
+
+Concept Index
+*************
+
+* Menu:
+
+* abbrev-mode: Minor Modes.
+* accumulating text: Accumulating text.
+* add menus: Customizing Menus.
+* asm-mode: Major Modes.
+* Auto Delete Selection menu item: Options Menu.
+* auto saving: Saving Files.
+* auto-save-mode: Minor Modes.
+* binding keys: Customizing key Bindings.
+* blink-paren: Minor Modes.
+* buffer: Entering.
+* Buffers menu: Buffers Menu.
+* Buffers Menu Length... menu item: Options Menu.
+* Buffers Sub-Menus menu item: Options Menu.
+* c-mode: Major Modes.
+* Case Sensitive Search menu item: Options Menu.
+* Clear menu item: Edit menu.
+* clipboard selection: Mouse.
+* Copy menu item: Edit menu.
+* copying text: Accumulating text.
+* creating-directories: File Names.
+* cursor control: Cursor Position.
+* cursor position: Cursor Position.
+* cursor shapes: Mouse.
+* customize <1>: Other Customizations.
+* customize: Customization Basics.
+* customize menus: Customizing Menus.
+* Cut menu item: Edit menu.
+* Delete Frame menu item: File menu.
+* delete menus: Customizing Menus.
+* deleting: Erase.
+* deleting menu items: Customizing Menus.
+* deletion: Insert.
+* digit argument: Numeric Argument.
+* disable menus: Customizing Menus.
+* disabling menu items: Customizing Menus.
+* displaying time: Init File.
+* echo area: Echo Area.
+* edit-picture: Major Modes.
+* enabling menu items: Customizing Menus.
+* End Macro Recording menu item: Edit menu.
+* entering Emacs: Enter.
+* entering XEmacs: Enter.
+* erasing: Erase.
+* Execute Last Macro menu item: Edit menu.
+* Exit Emacs menu item: File menu.
+* exiting: Exiting.
+* file: Entering.
+* File menu: File menu.
+* file names: File Names.
+* files: Files.
+* Font menu item: Options Menu.
+* font-lock-mode <1>: Other Customizations.
+* font-lock-mode: Minor Modes.
+* fortran-mode: Major Modes.
+* fundamental-mode: Major Modes.
+* goto-line: Cursor Position.
+* help <1>: The Help Menu.
+* help: Help.
+* Help menu: Help menu.
+* hook: Other Customizations.
+* init file examples: Init File.
+* init.el: Customization Basics.
+* Insert File... menu item: File menu.
+* insertion: Insert.
+* key bindings: Customizing key Bindings.
+* keystrokes: Customizing key Bindings.
+* Kill Buffer menu item: File menu.
+* kill ring: Moving Text.
+* killing: Moving Text.
+* killing Emacs: Exiting.
+* line-number-mode: Minor Modes.
+* lisp-mode: Major Modes.
+* major modes: Major Modes.
+* mark: Select and Move.
+* menus: XEmacs Window.
+* minor modes: Minor Modes.
+* mistakes, correcting: Undo.
+* mode line: Mode Line.
+* modes: Modes.
+* mouse selection: Mouse.
+* moving text: Moving Text.
+* negative argument: Numeric Argument.
+* New Frame menu item: File menu.
+* newline: Insert.
+* nroff-mode: Major Modes.
+* numeric argument: Numeric Argument.
+* Open ... menu item: File menu.
+* open another file: Frame.
+* Open in New Frame... menu item: File menu.
+* Options menu: Options Menu.
+* outline-mode: Major Modes.
+* overstrike: Insert.
+* Overstrike menu item: Options Menu.
+* overwrite-mode: Minor Modes.
+* Paren Highlighting menu item: Options Menu.
+* Paste menu item: Edit menu.
+* pasting: Moving Text.
+* primary selection: Mouse.
+* Print Buffer menu item: File menu.
+* pull-down-menus: XEmacs Window.
+* Read Only menu item: Options Menu.
+* rectangle commands: Accumulating text.
+* region: Select and Move.
+* registers: Accumulating text.
+* relabelling menu items: Customizing Menus.
+* removing-directories: File Names.
+* replace: Search and Replace.
+* Revert Buffer menu item: File menu.
+* Save Buffer As ... menu item: File menu.
+* Save Buffer menu item: File menu.
+* Save Options: Options Menu.
+* saving files: Saving Files.
+* searching: Search and Replace.
+* selected window: Windows and Menus.
+* setting variables: Setting Variables.
+* shrinking XEmacs frame: Exiting.
+* simultaneous editing: Saving Files.
+* Size menu item: Options Menu.
+* Split Frame: File menu.
+* Start Macro Recording menu item: Edit menu.
+* suspending: Exiting.
+* Syntax Highlighting menu item: Options Menu.
+* Teach Extended Commands menu item: Options Menu.
+* temporary storage: Accumulating text.
+* tex-mode: Major Modes.
+* texinfo-mode: Major Modes.
+* top level: Mode Line.
+* Un-split (Keep Others): File menu.
+* Un-split (Keep This): File menu.
+* undo: Undo.
+* Undo menu item: Edit menu.
+* visiting files: Visiting.
+* Weight menu item: Options Menu.
+* windows <1>: XEmacs Window.
+* windows <2>: Windows and Menus.
+* windows: Entering.
+* yanking: Moving Text.
+
+
\1f
Tag Table:
-(Indirect)
Node: Top\7f635
-Node: Intro\7f4613
-Node: Entering\7f7196
-Node: Enter\7f8710
-Node: Frame\7f9392
-Node: Exiting\7f11061
-Node: Mode Line\7f12261
-Node: Echo Area\7f14408
-Node: Windows and Menus\7f15763
-Node: XEmacs Window\7f16216
-Node: Pull-down Menus\7f19837
-Node: File menu\7f20716
-Node: Edit menu\7f23975
-Node: Options Menu\7f26501
-Node: Buffers Menu\7f31286
-Node: Help menu\7f31672
-Node: Edit\7f32170
-Node: Insert\7f33764
-Node: Cursor Position\7f35092
-Node: Erase\7f37163
-Node: Numeric Argument\7f38317
-Node: Undo\7f39501
-Node: Customization Basics\7f40264
-Node: Customizing key Bindings\7f41536
-Node: Customizing Menus\7f45030
-Node: Help\7f50520
-Node: The Help Menu\7f51208
-Node: Modes\7f56174
-Node: Major Modes\7f57090
-Node: Minor Modes\7f61041
-Node: Files\7f65138
-Node: File Names\7f65860
-Node: Visiting\7f67663
-Node: Saving Files\7f69787
-Node: Other Customizations\7f73166
-Node: Setting Variables\7f75650
-Node: Init File\7f78861
-Node: Select and Move\7f84346
-Node: Selecting Text\7f85300
-Node: Mouse\7f86813
-Node: Region Operation\7f88138
-Node: Moving Text\7f89398
-Node: Accumulating text\7f90638
-Node: Search and Replace\7f92959
-Node: Key Index\7f96825
-Node: Command Index\7f100114
-Node: Variable Index\7f104216
-Node: Concept Index\7f104793
+Node: Intro\7f4610
+Node: Entering\7f7190
+Node: Enter\7f8701
+Node: Frame\7f9380
+Node: Exiting\7f11046
+Node: Mode Line\7f12243
+Node: Echo Area\7f14387
+Node: Windows and Menus\7f15739
+Node: XEmacs Window\7f16189
+Node: Pull-down Menus\7f19807
+Node: File menu\7f20683
+Node: Edit menu\7f23940
+Node: Options Menu\7f26463
+Node: Buffers Menu\7f31245
+Node: Help menu\7f31628
+Node: Edit\7f32123
+Node: Insert\7f33714
+Node: Cursor Position\7f35039
+Node: Erase\7f37108
+Node: Numeric Argument\7f38262
+Node: Undo\7f39443
+Node: Customization Basics\7f40203
+Node: Customizing key Bindings\7f41472
+Node: Customizing Menus\7f44964
+Node: Help\7f50451
+Node: The Help Menu\7f51136
+Node: Modes\7f56100
+Node: Major Modes\7f57013
+Node: Minor Modes\7f60962
+Node: Files\7f65056
+Node: File Names\7f65775
+Node: Visiting\7f67577
+Node: Saving Files\7f69698
+Node: Other Customizations\7f73076
+Node: Setting Variables\7f75557
+Node: Init File\7f78767
+Node: Select and Move\7f84270
+Node: Selecting Text\7f85221
+Node: Mouse\7f86731
+Node: Region Operation\7f88053
+Node: Moving Text\7f89310
+Node: Accumulating text\7f90547
+Node: Search and Replace\7f92865
+Node: Key Index\7f96730
+Node: Command Index\7f100019
+Node: Variable Index\7f104121
+Node: Concept Index\7f104698
\1f
End Tag Table
projects / chise / xemacs-chise.git.1 / blobdiff